Download Zika Virus Outbreak: Epidemiological Determinants and Risk Factors and more Thesis Marketing in PDF only on Docsity!
C
Zika Virus Task 2C College of Health Professions, Western Governors University International Outbreak A. Zika Virus is the cause of Zika fever, which is a mosquito-borne viral disease. The virus was originally discovered in Uganda in monkeys. The first large outbreak caused by the Zika virus was started at the island of YAP in 2007 and moved to south east Asia. B. Description of a chosen specific international outbreak Includes: Zika Virus The Countries involved were Uganda, Federate states of Micronesia aka. Islands of YAP, Asia, Africa, French Polynesia, South America, and North America. The date the outbreak was discovered was in 2007 in the Island of Yap. The first human case of the Zika Virus was discovered in Uganda and the United Republic of Tanzania in 1952. In between 1969 and 1983 it seem to have expand to Asia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia and Pakistan. In 2007 the virus spread from Africa to Asia causing the first large outbreak in humans on the Pacific island of Yap, in theFederated States of Micronesia (WHO, 2021). From 2013 to 2014 there were outbreaks infour dofferent parts of the Pacific islands including Polynesia, Easter Island, the Cook Islands and New Caledonia. In 2015 to 2016 cases of Zika were reports in the Americas, including a widespread transmission in Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands, with little local transmission in Florida and Texas.
B1. Epidemiological Determinants and Risk Factors The Zika Virus is a mosquito transmitted virus that affect humans. A determinent of this disease is thought to be a warmer climate with humidity allowing the mosquitos to carry it easily. The virus is spread by mosquito bites, but can also be spread from infected mother tofetus, through unprotected sexual contact, transfusions of blood and blood products,a nd organ transplants. The uncubations time for the Zika Virus disease in estimated to be 3- 14days(Who, 2021), and most of the people infected don’t typically develop symptoms. The symptoms are usually mild and include but are not limited rash, fever, conjunctivitis, muscle and joint pain, fatigue, and headache, these symptoms usually last 2-7 days. The most common concern is how the virus affects unborn babies. Mothers that are exposed to Zika while pregnant can cause microcephaly and congenital abnomalites in the developing fetus and newborn.The Zika virus can also cause complications in pregnancy including fetal loss, stillbirht and preterm delivery. Another concern is the Virus can also trigger Guillain-Barre syndrome, neuropathy and myelitis, particularly in adults and older children(Who, 2021). The Zika virus is diagnosed by either a blood or urine sample if someone has been infected and will be protected for any future exposures or infections of the virus. At this time there is no vaccine available. B2. Route of Transmission Referto email course cohort, “Great in 28”. The Zika virus is mainly transmitted by mosquito bites, which is also the most common mode. It can also be transmitted by mother to fetus, sexual contact, bodily fluids, blood transfusions or organ transplants.
communites around us the town decided to have people stop being outdoors for anything after daylight. The town I live in also has multiple bodies of water from ponds to damns and rivers. This puts us at risk for breeding grounds for the mosquitos. Also if someone has traveled from a high risk country to our state or town it can be transmitted that way as well. If my community had a high infection rate of the Zika virus it would put a strain on the school system, businesses and hospitals, leaving school aged kids out of school, teachers out of work and businesses to potentially close to contain the virus from spreading. Hospitals would be overloaded with patients infected with the virus, also putting the hospital workers at risk, spreading even more. Luckily at this moment in time we do not live in a high risk area for the virus and hopefully it stays that way. B4. Reporting Protocol for an Outbreak in My Community In the United States, Healthcare providers are encouraged to report any suspected cases to their state or local health departments to help with diagnosis and to reduce the risk of transmission in their communities. The State or local health departments are encouraged to report any labratory confirmed cases to the CDC through ArboNET, the national surveillance system for arboviral disease(CDC, Jan. 28, 2019). In the state of Massachusetts the protocol for reporting the virus is to report it to Massachusetts Department of Public Health division of Epidemiology and Immunization. B5. Two Strategies to Prevent an Outbreak in My Community One strategy to prevent an outbreak in my community is to monitor any outbreaks in our area or state and have a curfew of sunrise to sunset to prevent to risk of transmission. Also educating our community about the importance of using DEET bug spray when able. The local senior center, community center, public schools and town hall website can provide
education and information about this virus and transmission prevention. Another strategy in the community along with education, would be have you local health care providers educate their patients the important of using bug spray, preferrably with DEET, wear clothing that cover most of your body, for example long sleeves and long pants during the early morning hours and dusk into the night if you are out of your house. Also the state request funding for spraying for mosquitos to prevent transmission from occuring. C. Submit a PDF of your score summary from Bentonville that includes the following activities: · Influenza in Bentonville · Community Advocacy · Emergency Responses · Communicable Disease References https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5638629/ https://www.who.int/health-topics/zika-virus-disease#tab=tab_ https://www.cdc.gov/zika/index.html
