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Cardiovascular system, Summaries of Biology

Biology

cheat sheet for the cardiovascular system.

Typology: Summaries

2025/2026

Uploaded on 04/26/2026

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unknown user 🇬🇧

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Questions
Q1.
A student investigates the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis in a water
plant.
The graph shows the student's results.
(a) Put an X on the graph to show where carbon dioxide limits the rate of photosynthesis.
(1)
(b) Write the word equation for photosynthesis.
(2)
.............................................................................................................................................
(c) The student's method allows her to make a valid and reliable comparison of the rate of photosynthesis
at different carbon dioxide concentrations.
(i) Give the independent variable in her investigation.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................
(ii) Suggest a variable the student needs to control in her investigation.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................
(iii) Explain how the student could make sure her results are reliable.
(2)
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(Total for question = 7 marks)
X
hater Carbon
dioxide Glucose tOxygen
TheSome type of nectarplant
Theamounts ofcarbon dioxide present
she could dothe experiment again and
compare results to see if there are any
anomalous result
pf3
pf4
pf5

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Questions

Q 1.

A student investigates the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis in a water plant. The graph shows the student's results. (a) Put an X on the graph to show where carbon dioxide limits the rate of photosynthesis. ( 1 ) (b) Write the word equation for photosynthesis. ( 2 ) ............................................................................................................................................. (c) The student's method allows her to make a valid and reliable comparison of the rate of photosynthesis at different carbon dioxide concentrations. (i) Give the independent variable in her investigation. ( 1 ) ............................................................................................................................................. (ii) Suggest a variable the student needs to control in her investigation. ( 1 ) ............................................................................................................................................. (iii) Explain how the student could make sure her results are reliable. ( 2 ) ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. (Total for question = 7 marks) X hater Carbondioxide^ Glucose^ t (^) Oxygen TheSome^ type of nectar plant Theamounts (^) of carbon dioxide present she could^ dothe^ experiment again and compare results to (^) see if there are any anomalous result

Q 2.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants obtain nutrition. (a) Write a balanced chemical symbol equation for photosynthesis. ( 2 ) ............................................................................................................................................. (b) Leaves can be tested for starch to show that photosynthesis has taken place. This is the method given in a biology textbook. (i) Explain a safety precaution that should be taken when carrying out this test. ( 2 ) ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. (ii) State the purpose of step 3. ( 1 ) ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. (iii) State the purpose of step 6. ( 1 ) ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................

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Q 3.

Caroline investigated how light affected photosynthesis by looking at changes in carbon dioxide levels. She placed 2 cm^3 of orange hydrogen carbonate indicator solution into three test tubes. She put a leaf in two of the test tubes, which were then firmly sealed with a bung. These leaves were similar in size and were taken from the same plant. She wrapped one of the test tubes in foil to prevent light entering. The third test tube was firmly sealed with a bung but was without a leaf. She left the three test tubes in the conditions shown in the diagram for two hours. They were then shaken gently and the leaves were removed. Hydrogen carbonate indicator solution is orange in normal air. It changes colour to red as the carbon dioxide level decreases. It changes to yellow as the carbon dioxide level increases. The colour of the indicator solution in each test tube was recorded. Her results are shown in the table. (a) Explain the colour change observed in test tube C. ( 3 ) .............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. Itmeans^ onlyrespirationowned in^ the test tube (^) So it probedy had no light as^ it didn'tphotosynthesis.Itturned bedas the^ carbon^ was^ taken^ in^ ad^ oxegen ndrespired out

(b) Explain the purpose of test tube B. ( 1 ) .............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. (c) Caroline set up a fourth test tube that contained a leaf and was exposed to dim light. After two hours the colour of the indicator solution in this test tube remained orange. Explain why. ( 2 ) .............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. (d) Caroline carried out another experiment to investigate the effect that light intensity has on the rate of photosynthesis in a water plant. (i) Suggest how she could change her independent variable. ( 1 ) .............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. (ii) Suggest how she could measure her dependent variable. ( 1 ) .............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. (iii) Suggest how she could ensure that her results were reliable. ( 2 ) .............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. (Total for question = 10 marks) It is a^ control^ to^ compere the^ differentfindings in (^) other takes The (^) amount of respiration^ has (^) the Same as the amount^ of photosynthesis So this^ neon^ that nothing will^ change^ colour^ wise^ as they are (^) equal she could^ give one^ lots^ of^ light or^ no light at all by how much^ light she gives it bydoing^ it^ more^ than^ once^ and^ doing the^ exact some messurementd^ as^ the^ last^ time^ she^ did the experiment