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CBIS in a Flash.. Joseph Viana, CBIS-T
(Q&A)
What is the most frequent cause of an Acquired Brain Injury (ABI)? โ Falls Traumatic Brain Injury is.... โ An insult to the brain caused by external physical force. P2, All brain injuries are acquired but not all acquired brain injuries are... โ Traumatic P Brocas' area โ Part of the left temporal lobe responsible for the production of speech (aka. expressive language) P Research has determined that ? is a strong predictor of the cause of brain injury in children โ Age. Non-acccidental trauma caused 80% of deaths in children under two. years old. Two-thirds of physically abused children under 3 years old have a TBI. P ADL's โ Activities of Daily Living such as banking,budgeting, dressing, showering... P Concusion โ ... How many people experience life long changes as a result of brain injury each year? โ 80,000 to 90, Anoxia โ an injury that stops the flow of oxygen to the brain. Anoxia is caused by near drowning, suffocation, heart attack, smoke inhalation, asthma attack, strangulation.
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What percent of persons who sustain TBI were intoxicated at the time of injury? โ 56% Hypoxia โ a decrease in the amount of oxygen getting to the brain, P Is birth trauma considered an ABI? โ No P2, tardive dyskinesia โ A side effect of antipsychotic medications resulting in involuntary movement disorder characterized by lip smacking, darting of the tongue, chewing movements, aimless movements,of the arms and legs and in severe cases difficulty breathing and swallowing. P Who (or what) provides public funds for ABI? โ Medicaid spasticity โ involuntary increase in muscle tone (tension) which causes the muscle to resist being stretched. Is an Acute Care Rehabilitation Center considered post acute hospitalization? โ No (acute means ..sudden onset) dysphagia โ difficulty swallowing hemotoma โ Collection of blood trapped in the tissue of the skin or an organ. aphasia โ ... apraxia โ ... Of persons with ABI who has the most difficulty accessing services? โ Persons with cognitive impairments but without physical disabilities.
What is the goal of the Medical Model? โ To fix what is broken When does the Medical Model work best? โ When the goal is to establish medical stability. The Interdependence Model focuses on ______ and stresses______. โ capacities relationships The Medical Model of treatment focuses on ____ and stresses ______ โ deficiencies congregation What does PEARL stand for? โ Positive, Early, All, Reinforce, Look P What do we call an exchange of reinforcers or desired events between two or more people? โ Mutual reinforcement P What do we call the principal that builds individual freedom, support, rights, responsibility and authority over how, where, and with whom a person with ABI lives? โ Self- determination P Active Treatment is.... โ an interaction between two people that is intended to result in greater independence, empowerment, or inclusion for one of those people. P If people are predisposed to behave in certain ways, does holding them at fault make good sense? โ No How do neurons communicate with each other? โ Neurochemical transmitters P
The collection of nerve fibers and nuclei that modulate arousal and alertness is called the... โ Reticular Activating System (RAS) P What is the primary function of the hippocampus? โ Memory function (Short Term Memory) Organizing and structuring memory P What do we call the band of nerve fibers that connect the two hemispheres? โ Corpus Callosum Which lobe of the brain controls judgment, planning and self- monitoring? โ Frontal Lobe P49, Which lobes of the brain are concerned with memory, hearing and understanding of language? โ Temporal Lobes P49, Which lobe of the brain is associated with the perception of touch, spatial perception and differentiation of size and shape? โ Parietal Lobes P49, What is Hydrocephalus? โ A buildup of excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) What part of the brain is commonly known as the "Relay Station"? โ Thalamus P44, If the cortex of the brain were flattened, it would be the size of a ...? โ Pillowcase P The part of the brain responsible for speech production is ...? โ Broca's area
Which team member is responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of swallowing disorders? โ Speech Language Pathologist (SLP) P Hemiparesis is defined as.... โ Weakness of one side of the body. Difficulty speaking in an understandable way is called... โ Aphasia What do we call the side effect of antipsychotic medications that may cause repetitive oral and limb movements? โ Tardive Dyskinesia (TD) What is considered a normal heart rate? โ 60 to 90 beats per minute. P What is considered to be a normal breathing rate? โ 12 to 20 breaths per minute. P What is considered to be normal blood pressure? โ 120/ mmHg P Is difficulty with receptive language considered a sensorimotor impairment โ No Expressive language is linked to which memory system? โ Short Term Memory (STM) Does difficulty with balance and coordination contribute to substamce abuse? โ No. But easy access to drugs & alcohol, depression, isolation, and pre-injury patterns do. What is the primary focus of treatment planning in outcome oriented rehabilitation? โ Developing the skills
(aka:outcome goals) to be successful in the community (aka: discharge setting). To avoid future occurrences of a behavior one could modify _____? โ The antecedents The term used to express the frequency of a behavior over a period of time is called____? โ Rate. (expressed as the observed behavior over a period of time: example:10 aggressions in 10 minutes = one per minute) Breaking down a skill into small teachable parts is called ____ โ Task analysis Cognition involves.... โ Memory, concentration and thinking. Define positive reinforcement. โ Positive reinforcement increases the future probability of the behavior being repeated. What are three elements of an effective rehabilitation environment? โ Reliable, predictable, and respectful. What is the strongest predictor of Brain Injury in children โ Age. (children 0 to 4 have the highest rate of injury: 1121 per 100,000 incidents). Which law mandated specialized school services to children with ABI and other disabilities? โ IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Does the definition of TBI under the IDEA include congenital or degenerative brain injuries? โ No P A contract between a studen"s family and the school system outlining services a student needs is called __? โ IEP (Individual Education Plan) P
What symptoms of PTSD do adults show when a child in the family sustains a brain injury โ Guilt. What can most staff do to help support families? โ Listen attentively to their needs. Powers and privileges that an individual has under the law is called? โ Legal rights. Do physical or mental changes following an ABI change a person's rights? โ No. Individual rights are provided at both the state and federal level. What are the four sources of these laws? โ Common Law, Constitutional Law, Statutory Law and Administrative Law What is considered a restraint? โ Any restricting movement or access to one's body against one's will. basic liberty, under our Constitution, is the right to be free from undue bodily restraint. As a result, Congress and states have.... โ Enacted laws defining "allowable" and prohibited uses of seclusion and restraint. When may a restraint be necessary? โ When a person is in imminent danger to themselves or others and using less restrictive procedures have not been effective. When does natural guardianship dissolve? โ At adulthood -- regardless of impairment. A document that appoints a person to act for an individual in legal and financial matters is known as .... โ Power of Attorney An advanced directive is also called ____. โ A living will. What is the standard that protects individually identifiable health information? โ HIPAA privacy standards
Health Information Portability Act Can a staff member be held liable for a breach of confidentiality? โ Yes. What does the Americans with Disabilities Act do? โ Protects individuals with disabilities from discrimination. Under the ADA, reasonable modifications to buildings, places and things are required unless.... โ Doing so would alter the fundamental nature of the service, program or activity. Use of personal property belonging to a resident without consent for your profit is an example of.... โ exploitation
