Cellular respiration
Energy flow and chemical recycling in ecosystems
Catabolic pathway yields energy by oxidizing organic fuels
Catabolic pathways and production of ATP- fermentation, anaerobic
respiration,
animal cells produce byproduct lactic acid, prokaryotic cells
produce byproduct ethanol
cellular respiration- oxygen consumed as a reactant along with
glucose know byproducts.
Redox reaction- oxidation , reduction, oxidizing agent, reducing
agent
Fig. Electron carriers- NAD+ is reduced (gains electrons to form
NADH “currency in the form of a check”)
Fig. An introduction to the Electron Transport Chain (NADH will
be oxidized “cashed”- has a lot of potential energy to create ATP
“cash”)
Fig. An overview of cellular respiration- glycolysis, citric acid
cycle, oxidative phosphorylation.
Glycolysis oxidation of glucose to 2 pyruvate molecules
Energy investment, energy payoff, net
The citric acid cycle (TCA or Kreb cycle) completes the energy-yielding
oxidation of organic molecules
Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA (junction between glycolysis and
the citric acid cycle) THIS HAPPENS TWICE! For every 1 glucose
there are 2
pyruvates formed!
overview of citric acid cycle (NADH, FADH2, ATP and CO2 produced)
closer look at the Citric acid cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation, chemiosmosis couples electron transport to ATP
synthesis
Most of the ATP is produced in this Step of cell respiration!
Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the Electron Transport chain
without oxygen,
the electron transport system gets backed up and shuts down.
Chemiosmosis: the energy coupling mechanism- ATP synthase
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