Download Chamberlain University BIOS251 Exam 2 Questions and Answers 2026 Updated Anatomy and Physi and more Exams Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity!
Anabolismg(synthesisgreaction)g-gCORRECTgANSWERg-Buildsgmolecules catabolismg(decompositiongreaction)g-gCORRECTgANSWERg-Breakgdowngmolecules Cellulargrespirationg-gCORRECTg ANSWERg--metabolicgreactiongingcells
- convertsgglucosegtogATPg(energy) Aerobicgrespirationg-gCORRECTgANSWERg--Requiresgoxygen
- createsgCO2,gwater,gandgATP Cellgstructureg subg partsg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - 1.gPlasmag (cell)g membrane 2.g Cytoplasmg (cytosolg +g organelles) Plasmagmembraneg STRUCTUREg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg--definesg boundariesgofgthegcell
- intracellulargfluid
- extracellulargfluid Phospholipidsg-g CORRECTg ANSWERg - Layersgofglipids,gAmpipathicgmoleculesg(bothghydrophobicg +g hydrophilic) Twogtypesgofgmembraneg proteinsg - gCORRECTgANSWERg-1.gintegralgproteins 2.gperipheralg proteins Integralg(transmembrane)gproteinsg - gCORRECTgANSWERg--spangENTIREgDEPTHgofgplasmagmembrane
- ampipathic
CHAMBERLAINgBIOS251gEXAMg 2 gQUESTIONS
WITHgCORRECTgANSWERSg 2026
Metabolismg-g CORRECTg ANSWERg - Sumgofg allgchemicalg reactionsg ing theg body
- dog notg dissociateg fromgplasmag membrane Peripheralgproteinsg-gCORRECTg ANSWERg--locatedgongcytosolicg side
- CANgdissociateg fromgmembrane Receptorgfunctiong(membranegprotein)g-gCORRECTgANSWERg- Bindsg tog chemicalg messengersg suchgasg hormonesg sentg bygotherg cells Enzymegfunctiong(membranegprotein)g-gCORRECTgANSWERg- gBreaksgdowngagchemicalgmessengergandgterminatesgit'sgeffect Gatedgchannelgfunctiong(membranegprotein)g-gCORRECTgANSWERg- gGategthatgopensgandgclosesgtogallowgselectgsolutesgthrough Channelgfunctiong(membraneg protein)g-gCORRECTgANSWERg - Constantlygopengandgallowsgsolutesgthrough Cell-identitygmarkerg(membranegprotein)g-gCORRECTgANSWERg- gGlycoproteingdistinguishinggbody'sgowngcellsgfromgforeigngcells Cell-adhesiongmoleculeg (membraneg protein)g - gCORRECTg ANSWERg - Bindsgoneg cellgtog another Functionsg ofg plasmag membraneg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - 1.gDefineg boundariesgofg cell
- Providegstructuralgsupportgforgfell
- Providegprotectiongforgcell
- Regulateg transportgofg substancesg ing +g outgofg cell
- Monitorgandg detectg changesg ing extragcellularg fluid Gradientgacrossgplasmagmembraneg-gCORRECTgANSWERg- Differencegingconcentrationgofgsgchemicalgbetweengoneg sideg ofgplasmagmembraneg tog another
Cellgstructure:gcytoplasmg+gorganellesg-gCORRECTgANSWERg- Cytoplasm:gakagcytosol,gfluidginsidegcellgOrganelles:gspecializedgstructuresgthatgperformgspecificgfunctionsgforgth egcell Organelles:gNucleusg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - Housegthegcell'sg DNA Organelles:gNucleolusg-gCORRECTgANSWERg-Sitegwheregribosomalgcomponentsgaregmade Organelles:gRibosomesg-gCORRECTgANSWERg-Responsiblegforgproteingsynthesis Organelles:gEndoplasmicgreticulumg-gCORRECTgANSWERg - Seriesgofgfoldsg aroundgnucleargenvelope Organelles:g Roughg ERg-g CORRECTg ANSWERg - Enclosesgproductsg intogvesiclesg tog beg shippedgoutg org cell Organelles:gSmoothg ERg-g CORRECTg ANSWERg - Synthesisgofg lipidsg andg carbs Organelles:gGolgigApparatusg-gCORRECTgANSWERg- ReceivesgvesiclesgfromgER,gthengmodifies,gsorts,g+gpackagedgnewlygsynthesizedgproteinsgtogbegshippedgogutgofgcell Organelles:gLysosomesg-gCORRECTgANSWERg-Breakgdowngandgdigestgforeigngdebris Organelles:gMitochondriag-gCORRECTgANSWERg-Energy/ATPgproduction,gpowerhousegofgthegcell Cellgcyclesg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - G1,g S,g G2,gM G1g phaseg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - Cellg growsg forgDNAg replication Sg phaseg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - DNAg isg replicated
G2g phaseg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - cellg preparesg forgmitosis Mg phaseg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - Mitosis,g actualg cellg division Mitosisgphasesg-g CORRECTgANSWERg-prophase,gmetaphase,g anaphase,g telophase Prophaseg-gCORRECTgANSWERg - Chromatingcondensesgintog chromosomes Metaphaseg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - Chromosomesg lineg upg ing theg middleg ofg theg cell Anaphaseg-gCORRECTgANSWERg - sistergchromatidsgseparateg +gmovegtogoppositegpoles Telophaseg-gCORRECTgANSWERg-Mitoticgspindlegdisappears,gnucleargenvelopegappearsgatgeachgpole Meiosisg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg--Divisiong ofg sexg cellsg resultingg ing haploidg gametes
- DNAgreplicatesgonceg butg dividedg twice Haploidg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - 23 g chromosomes Diploidg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - 46 g chromosomes Fourgtissueg typesg - g CORRECTgANSWERg-epithelial,g connective,g muscle,g nervous Epithelialgtissueg - g CORRECTgANSWERg --cellsgarrangedg ingsheets
- haveg ang apicalg (free)g sidegandg ag basalgsideg (attachedg tog basementg membrane)
- coversgexposedgsurfacesgofgbody
- linesginternalgpassagewaysg+gorgans
- formsgendocrineg+gexocrinegglands
Aporcineg glandsg - g CORRECTgANSWERg - Apicalgportiongofg cytoplasmgbecomesg packedgw/g secretoryg vesiclesg andg isg shed Holocrineg glandsg - gCORRECTg ANSWERg-Secretionsgviaglossgofgwholeg entireg cell Epithelialgmembranesg - gCORRECTg ANSWERg-cutaneous,gmucous,g serous Mucousgmembranesg - gCORRECTg ANSWERg - Lubricateg +gprotectg insidegofgorgansgandgcavities Serousgmembranesg-gCORRECTg ANSWERg-Reducegfrictiongbetweengorgans Cutaneousgmembraneg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - Theg skin;gcomposedgofgepidermalg andg dermalg layers Epithelialgcellgjunctionsg - gCORRECTg ANSWERg-tightg junctions,g desmosomes,g gapgjunctions Tightgjunctionsg-gCORRECTgANSWERg-Formsg nearlygimpermeablegbarrier,gmadegofgOCCLUDINS Desmosomesg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - Providesgstrengthgtogtissuegtogpreventgfromgmechanicalgstress,gmadegfromgCADHERINS Gapgjunctionsg - gCORRECTgANSWERg - Provideg rapidg+g directgcommunication,gmadegofgCONNEXONS Connectivegtissueg-gCORRECTg ANSWERg--mostgversatile
- connectsgepitheliumg withgrestg ofg body
- doesg notg haveg freeg surfaces
- supportsgothergtissuesg+g providesgstructure
- transportgmaterialsg+gstoregenergy
extracellulargmatrixg-gCORRECTg ANSWERg- Allgtypesgofgtissuegaregembeddedgingag composedgofgproteingfibersg+gaggroundgsubstagnce sg(viscousgfluid) 3 gtypesg ofg proteinsg ing extracellularg matrixg - gCORRECTgANSWERg - 1.g Collageng fibers
- Reticulargfibers
- Elasticgfibers *providegstrengthg+g supportgtog tissues Muscularg tissueg - g CORRECTgANSWERg - Consistsgofgfibersgthatg functiongingprovidinggmotion,gmaintaininggposture,gandgproducinggheat 3 g typesg ofg muscularg tissueg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - 1.g Cardiacg muscle 2.gSkeletalgmuscle 3.g Smoothg muscle Cardiacgmuscleg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg --striated
- singlegnucleus
- involuntarygcontrol
- onlyg foundg ing heart Skeletalgmuscleg - g CORRECTgANSWERg --striated
- multinucleated
- voluntarygcontrol
- foundging musclesgweg control Smoothgmuscleg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg --notg striated
- singlegnucleus
- involuntary
- foundgeverywheregelse
Osmosisg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - Diffusiongifgwatergthroughgsemipermeableg membranegfromglowg concentrationgtoghighgconcentration Endocytosisg(activegtransport)g-gCORRECTgANSWERg-Transportsgmaterialsgintogcell
- phagocytosis:g bringsg ingsolids
- pinocytosis:g bringsg ing liquids Exocytosisg(activegtransport)g-gCORRECTgANSWERg-Transportsgmaterialgoutgofgcell Atrophyg-gCORRECTgANSWERg-Wastinggawaygofgcellsgorgtissue Necrosisg - g CORRECTg ANSWERg - Deathg ofg allg orgmostg cells Apoptosisg-gCORRECTgANSWERg-programmedgcellgdeath Regenerationg-gCORRECTgANSWERg-Samegtissuesgreplacedgdamagedgorgdestroyedgtissue Fibrosisg-gCORRECTg ANSWERg-Scarringgafterg woundghealing Hypertrophyg-gCORRECTg ANSWERg - increaseg ingcellg size Hyperplasiag-g CORRECTg ANSWERg - Processgofg rapidg cellgdivisiong andg reproduction Metaplasiag-gCORRECTg ANSWERg - Permanentgorgtemporaryg changeg ingtissuegwhichgcang oftengbeg reversed Dysplasiag-g CORRECTg ANSWERg - Presencegofgabnormalg cellsg ingtissue,g cangindicateg cancer
