UNITS 1-4: REVIEW FROM HIGH SCHOOL
UNIT 5: THERMODYNAMICS
ENERGY BASICS
Potential heat: energy an object has b/c of
its position, composition, or condition
EXOTHERMIC: change that releases heat
(e.g. combustion)
- ΔT<0, heat is released (q < 0)
Kinetic energy: energy that an object
possesses b/c of it motion
ENDOTHERMIC: change that absorbs heat
(e.g. cold pack)
- ΔT>0, heat is absorbed (q > 0)
Law of conservation of energy: energy cannot be destroyed nor created, it can only be
changed
Thermal energy: random motion of atoms and molecules (type of kinetic energy)
- Fast moving molecules ➡
⬆
thermal energy ➡ HOT
- Slow moving molecules ➡
⬇
thermal energy ➡ COLD
HEAT
Heat (q): transfer of thermal energy
between 2 bodies of different temperature
Heat flow:
⬆
thermal energy of one and
⬇
thermal energy of other
THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM: when 2 substances are placed in contact, thermal energy flow from
the
⬆
temperature substance to the
⬇
temperature substance until BOTH substances are at
SAME TEMPERATURE (same KE)
HEAT CAPACITY: extensive property,
amount affects it
SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY: intensive
property – only depends on what the
substance is, not amount
CALORIMETRY
Measures the amount of heat transferred/exchanged to or from a substance using a
calorimeter (device that measures amount of heat)
