Download CJ111 FINAL EXAM 2026/2027 Questions and Verified Solutions and more Exams Law in PDF only on Docsity!
CJ111 FINAL EXAM 2026/
Questions and Verified Solutions
The socialization of new inmates into the prison subculture is called ________. Select one: a. Administration b. Adaptation c. Neutralization d. Prisonization Prisonization What is prison argot? Select one: a. The prison code b. A type of alcohol prisoners secretly brew c. A code name for homosexuals in prison d. Prison slang Prison slang The ________ model of prison culture suggests that inmates bring values, roles, and behavioral patterns from the outside world. Select one: a. Liberty b. Importation c. Autonomy d. Deprivation Importation According to John Irwin, an inmate who takes advantage of the positive experiences the prison has to offer is a(n) ________. Select one: a. Hedonist b. Retreatist c. Opportunist d. Legalist Opportunist
Many sexual aggressors in prison continue to participate in gang rapes because they ________. Select one: a. Have a damaged masculinity b. Need sexual release c. Are homosexuals d. Want to avoid becoming victims themselves Want to avoid becoming victims themselves Which of the following best describes female offenders? Select one: a. In their 20s b. Survivor of physical or sexual abuse as children c. Disproportionately white d. Most likely to have been convicted of a property crime Survivor of physical or sexual abuse as children Most female inmates are housed in ________. Select one: a. Coed prisons that allow men and women access to the same facilities at different times b. Centralized state institutions dedicated exclusively to housing female offenders c. Coed prisons that allow men and women access to the same facilities at the same time d. Special wings of facilities that are otherwise institutions for men Centralized state institutions dedicated exclusively to housing female offenders ________ among female inmates is very high. Select one: a. Excellent health b. Sexual aggression c. Substance abuse d. High school education Substance abuse "Rookie" correctional officers learn through socialization that ________. Select one: a. It is best to keep to oneself and not fraternize with other officers b. Rehabilitation is the number one priority of corrections officials c. The ideals of professionalism rarely translate into reality d. All prison inmates are "monsters"
True Correctional authorities may not impose punishments on inmates without appropriate due process. True Probation is ordered by the ________. Select one: a. Parole board b. Investigating officer c. Court d. Victim Court What is the most common form of criminal sentencing in the United States? Select one: a. Incarceration b. Probation c. Fine d. Parole Probation Mary is sentenced to probation. The conditions she must observe apply to all probationers in the jurisdiction where she was sentenced. These are known as ________ conditions. Select one: a. Specific b. Binding c. General d. Special General Which of the following is most likely to be a special condition of probation, rather than a general condition? Select one: a. The probationer must allow the probation officer to visit at home or work. B. The probationer must surrender his or her driver's license. C. The probationer must remain within the jurisdiction of the court. D. The probationer may not possess a firearm. The probationer must surrender his or her driver's license.
Which of the following is a prisoner reentry strategy? Select one: a. Parole b. Community service c. Probation d. Restitution Parole The use of ________ is increasing. Select one: a. Discretionary release b. Reentry parole c. Medical parole d. Mandatory parole Medical parole Jack violated a condition of his parole. This resulted in parole ________ and he was returned to prison. Select one: a. Reentry b. Restitution c. Revocation d. Desistance Revocation Which of the following is considered a disadvantage of probation and parole? Select one: a. Reduced risk of criminal socialization b. Relative lack of punishment c. Increased use of community services d. Increased employment Relative lack of punishment ________ hearings determine whether parolees have violated the conditions of their parole. Select one: a. Investigatory b. Revocation c. Imprisonment d. Judicial Revocation
True Reentry courts oversee an offender's supervised release into the community. True Which goal of sentencing focuses on separating offenders from society to reduce opportunities for further criminality? Select one: a. Rehabilitation b. Incapacitation c. Retribution d. Deterrence Incapacitation A sentence of 8 to 15 years in prison is an example of ________ sentencing. Select one: a. Indeterminate b. Concurrent c. Structured d. Consecutive Indeterminate Under the indeterminate sentencing model, what is the primary determinant of the amount of time served? Select one: a. The leniency of the parole board b. The leniency of the judge c. The inmate's behavior while incarcerated d. Pressure from politicians The inmate's behavior while incarcerated Proportionality means that ________. Select one: a. Similar crimes are punished with similar sentences b. There should be a direct relationship between the severity of the sanction and the seriousness of the crime c. Caseloads must be distributed equally among the available judges d. The offender's criminal history should be objectively considered at sentencing There should be a direct relationship between the severity of the sanction and the seriousness of the crime
General deterrence attempts to ________. Select one: a. Make the victim whole again b. Discourage potential offenders from committing crimes c. Prevent individual offenders from engaging in future criminal acts d. Separate offenders from the community to reduce opportunities for future criminality Discourage potential offenders from committing crimes Which of the following is a mitigating circumstance? Select one: a. The offender possessed a deadly weapon during the crime. B. The offender acted under strong provocation. C. The offender induced others to participate in the crime. D. The crime was committed for hire. The offender acted under strong provocation. ________ is a type of sentencing plan that allows no leeway in the imposition of a sentence for a person convicted of a crime. Select one: a. Indeterminate sentencing b. Presumptive sentencing c. Mandatory sentencing d. Truth in sentencing Mandatory sentencing The biggest drivers of rising incarceration rates in the United States are ________. Select one: a. Crime rates b. Birth rates c. Sentencing policies d. State and federal budgets Sentencing policies Community service and home detention are examples of ________ sentencing. Select one: a. Proportionate b. Concurrent c. Determinate d. Alternative
True The death penalty may not be imposed on an adult offender if he was under the age of 18 at the time the crime was committed. True The judge ________. Select one: a. Determines what charge to bring against a suspect b. Holds ultimate authority in ruling on matters of law c. Is responsible for presenting the state's case against the defendant d. Is responsible for testing the strength of the prosecution's case Holds ultimate authority in ruling on matters of law The most important form of prosecutorial discretion lies in the power to ________. Select one: a. Charge, or not to charge, a person with an offense b. Handle matters relating to individuals who have been declared mentally incompetent c. Serve as a judge of probate to oversee wills and the administration of estates d. Test the credibility and memory of the witness Charge, or not to charge, a person with an offense George has been accused of multiple crimes. Why would the prosecutor want to try George separately on each charge? Select one: a. Trying charges separately would allow another trial on a new charge if George is found not guilty at a trial b. Trying charges separately would let the prosecutor present a considerable amount of evidence at trial c. Trying charges separately would allow the prosecutor to present a complete sequence of all criminal events d. Trying charges separately would save the state considerable time and money Trying charges separately would allow another trial on a new charge if George is found not guilty at a trial A defendant who is NOT indigent and who can afford private attorney fees will have which type of defense attorney? Select one: a. A public defender
b. Assigned counsel c. Court-appointed counsel d. Retained counsel Retained counsel Mario is a criminal attorney with a private practice. He has been appointed by the court to serve as a defense attorney for an indigent defendant and receives a fee from the court at a rate set by the state government. Mario is a(n) ________ counsel. Select one: a. Private b. Opposing c. Public d. Assigned Assigned Which type of indigent defense involves the use of full-time salaried state employees? Select one: a. Assigned counsel b. Private counsel programs c. Contract attorney programs d. Public defender programs Public defender programs The ________ keeps order in the courtroom and announces the judge's entry to the courtroom. Select one: a. Court recorder b. Court administrator c. Clerk of court d. Bailiff Bailiff An eyewitness who saw a crime being committed is an example of a(n) ________ witness. Select one: a. Expert b. Lay c. Known d. Hostile Lay
If a defendant refuses to testify during a trial, the prosecution can inform the jury this is an indication that the defendant is guilty. False A dying declaration is an exception to the hearsay rule. True A judge determines guilt in a bench trial. True Actions by a suspect that indicate they may be planning an assault are called pre-attack indicators True An officer should allow someone to reenter their vehicle after they exited without instruction on a traffic stop. False It is a bad idea to let someone make a phone call on a traffic stop True If someone is willing to die for something they are willing to kill for something. True Officers should maintain a high level of physical fitness at all stages of their career. True After you shoot a couple of times it is ok to lay flat on your back in a gun fight False If you have decided someone is a danger to the community and discharged your firearm, you should continue to fire until the threat is neutralized. True It is normal for someone to keep grabbing a bag or reach in their car on a traffic stop. It is their property and we should not restrict that movement. False The registered owner having an active warrant is probable cause for a traffic stop.
True Always control the hands. True
