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(CHAPTER—5 [ Cooxdnation Com bounds | Cooxdtnaton Comboumds ox Comblex Compounds ane the the Compounds which are fosmed By Cousclinate Bond. Coosdtnate Bond :— [Dative Bond ox Coordinate Covalent Bond} | Coosdinate Bond ws the Covalent Bond which us formed by two atoms Shaving a pate of elects un which Both electsons ave provicled by Same atom. — (Gectson, = A ———>.B [lection Def iefent] | Rich] S Coordinate | Bond Examble :- ‘Coosdinate Bond” HN! ——> BFg Clectson clect¥on Rich Defreiont Species CG scanned with OKEN Scanner " Coordination Compounds au the backbone of Modes Tnowgarnic and Bio —imowjanic Chemisty Some Imbostont Sige Compounds ax also Coosdinaton Compoum F Haemoglobin —— Gosdinate Gmpourd of Chiosophytt ——> (oosclinate Compound of (™3 ] \itamin Bin —> (Coordinate Combound of [G | = Coosdination Combounds ase involved wy — Metallurgical processes gi f 7 Yndustyial Catalyst > Analytical Reagents Also Used ufn —» Textile dyeing ~> Medicinal Chenaetoy C Scanned with OKEN Scanner | # Cmductivity Combasgon_s— 0) - (Co(ntis)¢}Cly Breac (NM3)¢] ly | | 420 8 +3 _ CoCi(NH3)e] + 20 (Colnrs)g] + 3 oo Total No. of ims =4 “Teta No: of ims S = Concluetuity + * Coppound: Neve Get BE wth excess Niclas C20 t ges O [Niraeje, A, Zagey | @ Pati. WNHa Agnds (Pd (NH5)q JCla, @ Ptcia-2NHy AND CPE (N),¢1, J MY AIS Preto CG scanned with OKEN Scanner [Wesnes’s Theosy of Coosdtnatio Compounds | Allfsed Wesnes (1866-1919),a Swiss Chemist wos the first to foamvlate his idea about Structure of Coordi nation Combownds - > He also studied physical »chemital. behoviow® also - [Postitates of Werner's Theosy| ? UV W) Qn Coosdinaton Compound, Metal Shows two type of Naleney OD) Prima Valence “Ci Secondary Valence - Q) IPstinasy Valence}: These axe Nosmally Toni¢able amd Satis fred By Negative Img . 9 |Primaxy Valence] wy the [Oxidotion Numbey of 3 Contyal metal (3) Becondaxy Valence] »_ These axe Now~TZonisable . These ave Satisfied by Netsal moteakes ox Negative Tons . o, Secondary Valence us equal to Coosdination No- of metal Contral Atom. AND 9b Is fixed fos metal [oN = No: of Ugand x Donticity | CG scanned with OKEN Scanner [Examples]: 0) [CoCly: 6NHs | -6NH V3 3 - [Repseronted by dotted (ine vo] = Paimosy Volemce ‘= (ON) KSC) + 6(c) =0 y) (x=3) > Secondosy valence :-(cn) » 6 (By sottd tine} nt in te Steuctu Te Nts, Fon (Co (NH3)¢] Clq Wo | ney 5: \ cd 7 ane Ns tonne, 4 iat ., tC Ioisable been +3 > Total Tons » (Cointad] , 7 O7A™ Total Ton = W_ 4 Electsolyt AY: B°7 ® [Co Cl, 5NH3 Patina valence 3-1) +500) HE — 9043(-1) +500) = 0 ne (ComH)el clo (en) 5B Le Sec: Valemce I= CN IO \ C\ ve y th gm aot 7” phy Neg Tons :- 3 (eormsyc] a MTN ONIN Electrolyte: 4332 why” “yo Ns ra CG scanned with OKEN Scanner wwVwweereew we eww ere er ew erewewewewwer wr ~ — [Difference Between Double Salt amd Comblex Salt Double Salts Complex Salt A They Usually Contatin two Simple Salt uM equimolar’ Pxopoxtions <4 (Gasnallite)~ kc-myety 6420 [mofs Satt}- Fe (Soy {NHy) $046 Hod [Potash Alum} KySby- AlatS¢2,)3 . 2u 4,0 2 KAL(SOu)g-12H20 J) The Simple Salts From which They are formed ‘may ov may mot Be- equimolar proportions CH KyLPelenne] £) Dovble Salt Aissoctates Conpie- tely uimto tons uin Wotex KCL. MgCl 6H20 (cosnaniite) a dissociates Kt, gt 20> 2). Complex Salt doesnot abissocia- +e Gmpletely unto dams win Waters. Mainly the Cumpitx lon doesnot dissociate fosters into ions - Ky (Fecenye] J r20 kt + (Cee cende] 3) A Double Galt looses ut identity um the Solutton 3) Coosdinate Comhoumel setcuns uts identity um ub Solu 4) These axe ionic Gmbounds and donot Contam Ain Cooxdinate band 4) They may ox may not Be Tonic but Comble Sond avt ts always Ras Coosdinate 5) They exist any in Solid State. Gn aqueous Solution , they dissociate 5) They exist win the Sotiol State o4 Well os im aguenw Solvtin: Bez Completely Pato tons. they cloesnet oh'ssociates Completely | CG scanned with OKEN Scanner ©) [Chords] The ions ov molecules Bound to the Cembsal atom lion wn’ the Coordination emtity ui called Ligands [@cla(os) Rg : 3 These Ugamds Cam be Simple toms (cc), Neuktal Smal Molecules (€4 Nt3, H20) ox large molecu Such aA (HN CH, CH,— NH) o Macromolecules &4 Peotetns] | [Types Lands | (i) Untdentate (2) Didemtate| Bidentote (3) Payclemtate onox atoms fa ligamd used t O Findenste- FSS Se gras as iin) [Denttetay of remit — tus the (Number of electyon pair] G oR nomber of # that a ligamd cam shave unith - Ocnox atoms Cmival Metal atom ov tm: win a tigamd (X) |Unidentote | Monodemtate| : - A Unidemtate Uigamd Ros oly one conoy atom jUsed to bond. to Central metal atom ox Ton: Example = Of, By, OHM » 420, NHg m <—'Cl ? MeOH, mM &—:NtH3 CG scanned with OKEN Scanner (X) [Ambidentate Ligands » a Ambrdentate ligand fas two dif fevenit bonating Sites atoms but any one clonating Site will donate at a time: Exombple o- Noy, CN, ScN™ Q on ‘CEN: MeCN. Cyamo a m Mainly Caxbon Ray morse tendency to donate than Nit- : - Negen Becomne Nitrogen us move Etectsonegative than Cashen , So Nitsegen Unill Bold electsons @ Noy HNO, —> Noy +H Nitsous Acid Ly Nitsite tom Donating sites —> Nitsogem (N) and 07 =? Origen with Negative chasge will donate (07) T O Nitito-N | “~ Nod mM<—No ™ . —-N=9, eaNS T i 0 Nit boreting Sites ME—o-N=d Nitsito—o BNO Nita ko Ce C Scanned with OKEN Scanner 6 Mumbered Ring > + Membered Ring > 5Membeved Ring Stability Oxdew Ui) [dmg] = Dimethy! Clyoxtmatto 4 CH, —C SNE | Dimethyl Glyoxirne 6 DimethylGlyoxtmato — CH -c= Noe > at Ras two Acidic Hyewogems - om Ch, - C = Nx .' | _ ~ bmg ch CoN g L - Donow Srtes — Grates) ; > NF (mq)2 | — A Blood Red Comblex (vee Stable Complex] ( OH Hint g Oo HIM O ( y © pnsers © Udac-en thy-C = NN nit © | We-C=NNY “@ Kee | 1 6 7 (OM Ste A Qe cts, a Net —CHs | cH C= N OQ ne’ CEN 4 Sane s \ © ; om ey Ove _} ~ > (gtabittty vs due to) s— > presence of two H-Bond -> Due to Chelation (tad ts to Chelation :— When Ubomd bond dno mote than one donor Sites Omd Looms Riva with Metal vi) two 6—-Membere Rings > I has Stable, two 5- membesed Rings and 4 { CG scanned with OKEN Scanner (ivy (Bi pystdtne KBfpy) (eo > EptAt de a” Hexademtote Ukamd” "6 Denos atoms" > Donos atoms '- > Two 'N' atoms, YW 'om atoms oxygen * (Negatively chasgedutors Wo-N ‘| 7 ohycoa oN CH, coo” Ch, coo” 40-8, “~*~ “Na coo” 2 = evta’” C Scanned with OKEN Scanner © [Coordination Sphere) &- When the Central atom| ion and the Ligands attached to dt ave enclosed um Square bracket & So, dt os Coltectively texmed of the ‘Coordination Sphese - 7 Aonisable Groups will be weitten outside the Brackets. Ome ovse Called [Counter Tons} Exomble- [ky LPe (CNde1| Countes Coosddnation Sphese Tens © |Cooschinotion Polyfiedson = > The Spatial arrangement of the Ligand atoms which Ou directly attached to the Central atum Jim defines OQ Coosdinaton Polyhedsarn aboot a Gmtral atom. — The tong ox atoms Clijomds) attached via Seconda Nalency to metal Rave a Charachtergh'c Spattel Crrroungennenit amd Constitute us Covrdinatin Palyhedon. > Most Common Covsdination Po yer ave Octahed yal, Square plamerw amd _Tetsahe tal a CNY &Cly Gq: {Co (Nts) oelaheasal Exton Tetvahedsal , (pec) vay} ON-€ ONY ON DY GN-5 ON-§ c —_— —T by, Vash . t ; "ny 4 ve rt t oh Lin mee LINE ame *] p74 Ne | be Se Ls ONL L , ‘pckahe drat S28 Tetsahedyal | Square planar Teja ipysomt Suase Py sonia) CG scanned with OKEN Scanner @ Oxidation Nuwmbex of Contyal_atom The Oxidation Numbev of the Centyal atorn um oa Cambler WA defined us the charge ut would Cay uf, all the Liga au xumoved along uuth the election paisg that ave Shared uu'th the Central atom. Cromble Oxidation No of ‘Gt un following - Qt) (Cacenyyy>- Gi) (co cntrarg eho) re 4-0 =-3 +4 OPA = 1 ea +1 __oitl Go=t3} esa) Note$- The oxidatfon Nwmber ud veepuerented. by a Roman Numewal ui posenthesis following 4he Name of Coosdinatton only C4. oxidation No-oP [oucenmy id +4., So written CuCr) [Hornote tie amd Hetevolebh’e Comblexes| —> Homolebte Complexes ¢- Complexes un uahich a metal uk bound to only one kind to Uigamds': Ex» (Co (maar)? , (CuCenry y= —> Hetesoleptic Complexes ¢— Complexes un which a metal us bound to move than one Kind of cloner Groups | ligowds ey. (Co (Nts), Cla yh C Scanned with OKEN Scanner [RuLes FoR NAMING Cosdltnation Gorpantl} (L) The Cation uk nomed fist » Means Cation vs named Befoxe omit. (2) The Lands owe named 5 metol [ion uin von albhabehcal oxder (Neutsal Ligamds}ase Nomed of bel follow. :— N efose the nome of central (Mm) -diam® Chi= Nie —> ethome-1,2-duiamine ] CH,- NH) PPh > tripheny| phos phine NH3— Ommine CO - Caxbony! H20 + aq, uc NO — — nitvosy| Oo = Clioxyqen Cony > Cthylene ow ethene - Pu _tetva bnosphosis CgoHe > benzene: S8 > _Octa Sulphur. (-o0) @) Anionic Cigands ond wuth (-ilto) (Range ide to -(do] C5HSN— Pyxidine - 2) | OH” > Hyd xo xido *K — > Halrdo Ne" > Nitxido H7 + Hyaxido OF —s pexoxido CN" => Cyanido ox Cyanido-C NcT > iSocyanido ow Cyanido—N NH, — Amido Noy — Nityiteo-N ONO” + Nityito—¢ SCN” —9 thiocynato—s NCS~ —9 +thioe omato-N C20" 9 Oxalato ohng ~ =» Dime thy! Glyoximato CG scanned with OKEN Scanner Cramble:- EpTAY- _, cthylone diamine tetsa acetate | () Cationic Ligands ‘> @md usith “uum! Not —> Nitrogonium , Nox Nitvontwm i © Prefixes mono, di, ter ete axe used to wndlitate the of the undividual Ligands um the Contdina- ) Number tion Spheve Note :- when the names of ligands dnclude a Numerical beetix, then the teoms bis, tuis, tetwakis axe used . fe (NFel,(P Pha)a] —> Aichsiy bis (+i phomyi phosphine) Nickel(I) © Oxidation state of metal uin Cation Onion oy Neutral Coosclinatin emti us umdicated By Roman Nemerxal un Swwwewwewewew er - - © = © ee ~ = - pasemthesis @ Nome Centsal metal Metal If Complex Cation rf Complex ts or ake Anion . Cation? Anion x a ey Crsemate Pd ~» Palladium Paliadate ‘o GBoltate . : Ce +, peerate PE So Platinwn Platinate m™ Prowaannese iamgnite Aq 4 Silvey Pagentate £, Cobber Cop xati Av > Gold — Auyate \ Zinc Zincote ; Nickel Nickelate - A Rivminium Aluminate Tr Titantuny | Mtamate - Hq Meseuny Meveurole _| CG scanned with OKEN Scanner 
