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ASSIGNMENT 1 FRONT SHEET
Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing Unit number and title Unit^16 :^ Cloud computing Submission date Date Received 1st submission Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission Student Name Phan Nhat Linh^ Student ID GCD Class GCD0905 Assessor name Tran Trong Minh Student declaration I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I understand that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice. Student’s signature Linh Grading grid P1 P2 P3 P4 M1 M2 D
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Table of Contents
IV/ COMPARE THE SERVICE MODELS FOR CHOOSING AN ADEQUATE MODEL FOR A GIVEN SCENARIO (P4)
- I/ ANALYSE THE EVOLUTION AND FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF CLOUD COMPUTING (P1)
- A Brief History of Cloud Computing
- What Is Cloud Computing?
- How does cloud computing work?
- Types of cloud computing services
- Cloud computing deployment models
- Characteristics and advantages of cloud computing
- Disadvantages of cloud computing
- The need of cloud computing in the real world
- SCENARIO (P2) II / DESIGN AN APPROPRIATE ARCHITECTURAL CLOUD COMPUTING FRAMEWORK FOR A GIVEN
- Cloud Computing Architecture
- Architecture design for ATN company
- Dependencies and components of ATN application
- III/ DEFINE AN APPROPRIATE DEPLOYMENT MODEL FOR A GIVEN SCENARIO (P3)
- Cloud deployment models
- 1.1 Public Cloud
- 1.2 Private Cloud
- 1.3 Hybrid cloud
- 1.4 Community cloud
- 1.5 Compare 4 cloud models
- Deployment model for ATN company: Public cloud
- 2.1 Efficiency.........................................................................................................................................
- 2.2 Scalability
- 2.3 Simplified disaster recovery
- 2.4 Cost savings
- 2.5 Staying up-to-date
- Service models......................................................................................................................................
- 1.1 Infrastructure As A Service (IaaS)
- 1.2 Platform As A Service (PaaS)
- 1.3 Software As A Service (SaaS)
- 1.4 Compare 03 service models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
- Service model for ATN application: PaaS
- V/ DISCUSS WHY AN ORGANIZATION SHOULD MIGRATE TO A CLOUD COMPUTING SOLUTION (M1)
- ATN 1. Advantages and disadvantages of using Cloud computing solution to solving some current issues for
- 1.1 Advantages
- 1.2 Disadvantages.................................................................................................................................
- pressing concerns for ATN........................................................................................................................ 2. Persuade organizations to use Cloud computing instead of local applications to addressing a few
- VI/ DEMONSTRATE THESE DEPLOYMENT MODELS WITH REAL WORLD EXAMPLES (M2)
- Public Cloud
- 1 Amazon Web Services
- 1.2 Microsoft Azure
- 1.3 IBM Cloud
- 1.4 Google Cloud Platform
- 1.5 Oracle Cloud
- Private Cloud
- 2.1 HPE..................................................................................................................................................
- 2.2 VMware
- 2.3 Dell
- 2.4 Oracle
- 2.5 IBM
- 3 Hybrid Cloud
- Community Cloud
- VII/ JUSTIFY THE TOOLS CHOSEN TO REALISE A CLOUD COMPUTING SOLUTION
- Programming language should be used for ATN company: Node.js
- 1.1 Definition
- 1.2 The reason why we choose Node.js
- Database should be used for ATN company: MongoDB
- 2.1 Definition
- 2.2 The reason why we choose MongoDB
- Service model and cloud platform for ATN application: PaaS and Heroku
- References
- Figure 1: A Brief History of Cloud Computing Table of Figures
- Figure 2: What Is Cloud Computing?..............................................................................................................
- Figure 3: Types of cloud computing services
- Figure 4: Cloud computing deployment models
- Figure 5: Cloud features and characteristics
- Figure 6: The need of cloud computing in the real world
- Figure 7: Cloud Computing Architecture
- Figure 8: Architecture design for ATN company
- Figure 9: Dependencies and components of ATN application
- Figure 10: 4 cloud deployment models
- Figure 11: Public Cloud
- Figure 12: Private Cloud
- Figure 13: Hybrid cloud
- Figure 14:Community cloud
- Figure 15: Three Cloud Service Models
- Figure 16: Infrastructure As A Service (IaaS)
- Figure 17: Platform As A Service (PaaS)
- Figure 18: Software As A Service (SaaS)
- Figure 19: Heroku
- Figure 20: Respondents are using cloud
- Figure 21: Public cloud providers
- Figure 22: Example of public cloud providers (Microsoft Azure)
- Figure 23: Example of Private Cloud providers (Oracle)
- Figure 24: Cisco and Google hybrid cloud
- Figure 25: Example of Hybrid Cloud (Cisco)
- Figure 26: Salesforce community cloud
- Figure 27: Nodejs..........................................................................................................................................
- Figure 28: MongoDB
- Figure 29: Heroku
I/ ANALYSE THE EVOLUTION AND FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF CLOUD COMPUTING (P1)
1. A Brief History of Cloud Computing Figure 1 : A Brief History of Cloud Computing The history and evolution of cloud computing date back to the 1950s and 1960s. In the 1950s, companies started to use large mainframe computers, but it was too expensive to buy a computer for each user. So, during the late 1950s and early 1960s, a process called time sharing was developed to make more efficient use of expensive processor time on the central mainframe. Time sharing enabled users to access numerous instances of computing mainframes simultaneously, maximizing processing power and minimizing downtime. This idea represents the first use of shared computing resources, the foundation of modern cloud computing. The origins of delivering computing resources using a global network are, for the most part, rooted in 1969 when American computer scientist J.C.R. Licklider helped create the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network, the so-called precursor to the internet. Licklider's goal was to connect computers across the globe in a way that would enable users to access programs and information from any location.
Cloud infrastructure involves the hardware and software components required for proper implementation of a cloud computing model. Cloud computing can also be thought of as utility computing or on-demand computing. The name cloud computing was inspired by the cloud symbol that's often used to represent the internet in flowcharts and diagrams.
3. How does cloud computing work? Cloud computing works by enabling client devices to access data and cloud applications over the internet from remote physical servers, databases and computers. An internet network connection links the front end, which includes the accessing client device, browser, network and cloud software applications, with the back end, which consists of databases, servers and computers. The back end functions as a repository, storing data that is accessed by the front end. Communications between the front and back ends are managed by a central server. The central server relies on protocols to facilitate the exchange of data. The central server uses both software and middleware to manage connectivity between different client devices and cloud servers. Typically, there is a dedicated server for each individual application or workload. Cloud computing relies heavily on virtualization and automation technologies. Virtualization enables the easy abstraction and provisioning of services and underlying cloud systems into logical entities that users can request and utilize. Automation and accompanying orchestration capabilities provide users with a high degree of self-service to provision resources, connect services and deploy workloads without direct intervention from the cloud provider's IT staff.
4. Types of cloud computing services Figure 3 : Types of cloud computing services Cloud computing can be separated into three general service delivery categories or forms of cloud computing: IaaS. IaaS providers, such as Amazon Web Services (AWS), supply a virtual server instance and storage, as well as application programming interfaces (APIs) that let users migrate workloads to a virtual machine (VM). Users have an allocated storage capacity and can start, stop, access and configure the VM and storage as desired. IaaS providers offer small, medium, large, extra-large, and memory- or compute-optimized instances, in addition to enabling customization of instances, for various workload needs. The IaaS cloud model is closest to a remote data center for business users. PaaS. In the PaaS model, cloud providers host development tools on their infrastructures. Users access these tools over the internet using APIs, web portals or gateway software. PaaS is used for general software development, and many PaaS providers host the software after it's developed. Common PaaS products include Salesforce's Lightning Platform, AWS Elastic Beanstalk and Google App Engine. SaaS. SaaS is a distribution model that delivers software applications over the internet; these applications are often called web services. Users can access SaaS applications and services from any location using a computer or mobile device that has internet access. In the SaaS model, users gain access to application software and databases. One common example of a SaaS application is Microsoft 365 for productivity and email services.
In addition, organizations are increasingly embracing a multi-cloud model, or the use of multiple IaaS providers. This enables applications to migrate between different cloud providers or to even operate concurrently across two or more cloud providers. Organizations adopt multi-cloud for various reasons. For example, they could do so to minimize the risk of a cloud service outage or to take advantage of more competitive pricing from a particular provider. Multi-cloud implementation and application development can be a challenge because of the differences between cloud providers' services and APIs. Multi-cloud deployments should become easier, however, as providers' services and APIs converge and become more standardized through industry initiatives such as the Open Cloud Computing Interface. A community cloud, which is shared by several organizations, supports a particular community that shares the same concerns -- e.g., the same mission, policy, security requirements and compliance considerations. A community cloud is either managed by these organizations or a third-party vendor and can be on or off premises.
6. Characteristics and advantages of cloud computing Cloud computing has been around for several decades now, and today's cloud computing infrastructure demonstrates an array of characteristics that have brought meaningful benefits for businesses of all sizes. Some of the main characteristics of cloud computing are the following: Self-service provisioning. End users can spin up compute resources for almost any type of workload on demand. An end user can provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, eliminating the traditional need for IT administrators to provision and manage compute resources. Elasticity. Companies can freely scale up as computing needs increase and scale down again as demands decrease. This eliminates the need for massive investments in local infrastructure, which might or might not remain active. Pay per use. Compute resources are measured at a granular level, enabling users to pay only for the resources and workloads they use. Workload resilience. CSPs often implement redundant resources to ensure resilient storage and to keep users' important workloads running -- often across multiple global regions. Migration flexibility. Organizations can move certain workloads to or from the cloud -- or to different cloud platforms -- as desired or automatically for better cost savings or to use new services as they emerge. Broad network access. A user can access cloud data or upload data to the cloud from anywhere with an internet connection using any device.
Multi-tenancy and resource pooling. Multi-tenancy lets numerous customers share the same physical infrastructures or the same applications yet still retain privacy and security over their own data. With resource pooling, cloud providers service numerous customers from the same physical resources. The resource pools of the cloud providers should be large and flexible enough so they can service the requirements of multiple customers. Figure 5 : Cloud features and characteristics These characteristics support a variety of important benefits for modern business, including the following: Cost management. Using cloud infrastructure can reduce capital costs, as organizations don't have to spend massive amounts of money buying and maintaining equipment. This reduces their capital expenditure costs -- as they don't have to invest in hardware, facilities, utilities or building large data centers to accommodate their growing businesses. Additionally, companies don't need large IT teams to handle cloud data center operations because they can rely on the expertise of their cloud providers' teams. Cloud computing also cuts costs related to downtime. Since downtime rarely happens in cloud computing, companies don't have to spend time and money to fix any issues that might be related to downtime. Data and workload mobility. Storing information in the cloud means that users can access it from anywhere with any device with just an internet connection. That means users don't have to carry around USB drives, an external hard drive or multiple CDs to access their data. Users can access corporate data via smartphones and other mobile devices, enabling remote employees to stay up to date with co-workers and customers. End users can easily process, store, retrieve and recover
Cloud performance. Performance -- such as latency -- is largely beyond the control of the organization contracting cloud services with a provider. Network and provider outages can interfere with productivity and disrupt business processes if organizations are not prepared with contingency plans. Building a private cloud. Architecting, building and managing private clouds -- whether for its own purpose or for a hybrid cloud goal -- can be a daunting task for IT departments and staff. Cloud migration. The process of moving applications and other data to a cloud infrastructure often causes complications. Migration projects frequently take longer than anticipated and go over budget. The issue of workload and data repatriation -- moving from the cloud back to a local data center -- is often overlooked until unforeseen cost or performance problems arise. Vendor lock-in. Often, switching between cloud providers can cause significant issues. This includes technical incompatibilities, legal and regulatory limitations and substantial costs incurred from sizable data migrations.
8. The need of cloud computing in the real world Figure 6 : The need of cloud computing in the real world Several reasons are there why we need cloud computing today! Here, not going into too deep, I have come up with few points that will be helpful for giving reason: One of the major reason why huge number of small scale and large scale business sectors from all over the world are using cloud today, is because of tremendous effect on cost saving. Yes, Cloud computing has made drastic change in the reduction of hardware and software cost and other server resources as well
We can run all our workload data of applications and processes online over the internet remotely instead of using physical hardware and software Day to day issues related to server maintenance or installation of software/ hardware or whether it is renewal of license, all those factors are undertaken via cloud computing service providers With the help of cloud we can access any data, applications whenever and wherever we want to, over the internet. 100 of pre-configured applications can be install and updated Cloud not only handles data storage remotely but it also protects and recovers all crashed or loss data, so we don’t have to worry about crashed or loss of data, it gives you high security With the upcoming new technology in cloud computing, many providers offers accessing and paying option with the usability, where users can switch the applications easily according to the use and have pay only for the used resources. Ideally suitable for growing business, where the demand of bandwidth are high. Overall cloud computing can save your time and money!
Layer 2 – Network layer: When users connect to the cloud, they must pass through a network layer. In general, the whole cloud architecture is dependent on this connection, via which services are provided to users. In the case of a public cloud, this layer is essentially the internet. The public cloud is often located in a specific place, which users are unaware of because it is abstract. As a result, the public cloud may generally be accessed from anywhere on the earth. This layer will be a local area network in the case of a private cloud. Users frequently seek the minimum amount of bandwidth available while using the public or private cloud, which is frequently required by cloud providers. Layer 3 – Cloud management layer: This layer will contain software for monitoring and managing the cloud. The software might be a cloud computing system that serves as an interface between the data center and the users, or it can be management software that allows resource management. This layer is related to Service-level agreements (SLA), hence the actions performed in this layer will have an impact on the SLA that is agreed upon between users and service providers. Layer 4 – Hardware resource layer: Layer 4 includes provisions for physical hardware resources. Typically, a data center serves as the back end of a public cloud. A data center, which is a large collection of networked hardware resources located in a single location, or a high configuration system can be used in a private cloud. This layer has the largest effect on data center SLAs. When a user wants cloud access, it should be made available as soon as feasible and within the SLA times. As previously stated, any differences in resource or application provisioning are the service provider's responsibility. As a consequence, the data center has a quick network connection as well as a highly efficient data transfer mechanism from the data center to management.
2. Architecture design for ATN company Figure 8 : Architecture design for ATN company To address the company's present issues, we create a cloud architecture based on the ATN scenario. The data is delivered to a private cloud to be kept after first being edited, added to, and deleted by store administrators using their own interface. A third-party business that sets up and looks after a private cloud. We have a second server at the top of the organization in addition to the private cloud to backup all of the data from the private cloud. To update the system and erase the summary monitoring database, each owner and maintenance team has their own interface.
