Cloud Computing - Intro to Computer Architecture - Lecture Slides, Slides of Computer Architecture and Organization

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Cloud Computing

Definition

• The National Institute of Standards and

Technology (NIST) provides a concise and

specific definition:

 Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.

How it works

 Allows access from any internet connected location, allowing Telecommuting, and Outsourcing.

 A user endpoint with minimal software requirements may submit a task for processing. The service provider may pool the processing power of multiple remote computers in "the cloud" to achieve the task, such as data warehousing of hundreds of terabytes, managing and synchronizing multiple documents online, or computationally intensive work.

Comparison

• Cloud computing shares characteristics with:

 Autonomic computing

 Client–server model

 Grid computing

 Mainframe computer

 Utility computing

 Peer-to-peer

 Service-oriented computing

Architecture

• The two most significant components of cloud

computing architecture are known as the front

end and the back end.

 The front end is the part seen by the client, i.e. the computer user. This includes the client’s network and applications used to access the cloud via a user interface such as a web browser.

 The back end of the cloud computing architecture is the ‘cloud’ itself, comprising various computers, servers and data storage devices.

Architecture

Key characteristics

 Device and location independence enable users to access systems using a web browser regardless of their location or what device they are using

 Multi-tenancy enables sharing of resources and costs across a large pool of users thus allowing for:

− Centralization of infrastructure in locations

with lower costs

− Peak-load capacity increases

− Utilization and efficiency improvements for

systems that are often only 10–20% utilized.

Key characteristics

 Reliability is improved if multiple redundant sites are used, which makes cloud computing suitable for business continuity and disaster recovery.

 Scalability via dynamic "on-demand" provisioning of resources on a fine-grained, self-service basis near real-time.

 Performance is monitored, and consistent and loosely coupled architectures are constructed using web services as the system interface.

 Security could improve due to centralization of data.

Layers

 Client

 Application

 Platform

 Infrastructure

 Server

Deployment models

 Public cloud

 Community cloud

 Hybrid cloud and hybrid IT delivery

 Combined cloud

 Private cloud

Why use cloud computing

Pros and Cons

Main Concerns