CMTO MCQ REVISED KEY CONCEPTS STUDY GUIDE, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Physiotherapy

CMTO MCQ REVISED KEY CONCEPTS STUDY GUIDE

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

2025/2026

Available from 04/18/2026

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CMTO MCQ REVISED KEY CONCEPTS STUDY GUIDE
1.
Hypothalamus:
Major
connection
between
nervous
system
and
endocrine
system
neuro
tissue
2.
Scope
of
practice:
massage therapy is the assessment of the soft tissue and joints of the body and the
treatment and prevention of
physical dysfunction and pain
3.
The
council
is
made
up
of..:
6-9 RMTs elected by peers, 5-8 public members appointed by the government
4.
Client
relations
committee:
ensures
measures
are
in
place
to
deal
with
client
abuse
5.
discipline
committee:
conducts hearings relating it misconduct, makes decisions involving revoking or suspending certificates
6.
Executive
Committee:
has all the powers of council with the exception of making/revoking by-laws and
regulations
7.
Fitness
to
Practise
Committee:
hears matters concerning the physical or mental capacity of a
registrant to practise
8.
Central
nervous
system:
Brain and spinal cord
9.
Peripheral
nervous
system:
Spinal
branches
and
cranial
nerves
10.
Enteric
nervous
system:
Influences all digestive processes
11.
Autonomic
nervous
system:
Controls involuntary activity of visceral muscles and internal organs and
glands.
12.
Myolin:
isolates,
increases
conductivity
of
nerve
13.
Grey
matter:
Processes
information
14.
Afferent
neurons:
Carry
sensory
information
to
the
CNS
15.
Efferent
neeurons:
Carry motor information away from the CNS
16.
A-delta
fibres:
myolinated fibres that transmit sharp fast highly localized pain
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CMTO MCQ REVISED KEY CONCEPTS STUDY GUIDE

1. Hypothalamus: Major connection between nervous system and endocrine system neuro tissue

2. Scope of practice: massage therapy is the assessment of the soft tissue and joints of the body and the treatment and prevention of

physical dysfunction and pain

3. The council is made up of..: 6-9 RMTs elected by peers, 5-8 public members appointed by the government

4. Client relations committee: ensures measures are in place to deal with client abuse

5. discipline committee: conducts hearings relating it misconduct, makes decisions involving revoking or suspending certificates

6. Executive Committee: has all the powers of council with the exception of making/revoking by-laws and regulations

7. Fitness to Practise Committee: hears matters concerning the physical or mental capacity of a registrant to practise

8. Central nervous system: Brain and spinal cord

9. Peripheral nervous system: Spinal branches and cranial nerves

10. Enteric nervous system: Influences all digestive processes

11. Autonomic nervous system: Controls involuntary activity of visceral muscles and internal organs and glands.

12. Myolin: isolates, increases conductivity of nerve

13. Grey matter: Processes information

14. Afferent neurons: Carry sensory information to the CNS

15. Efferent neeurons: Carry motor information away from the CNS

16. A-delta fibres: myolinated fibres that transmit sharp fast highly localized pain

2 /

17. C-fibres: UNMYOLINATED fibres that carry slow, dull achey poorly localized pain

18. Upper Motor Neuron Lesion (at / above T12): Causes hyperreflexia

19. Lower Motor Neuron Lesion: Causes Flaccidity

20. sympathetic nervous system: Fight or flight response

21. Blood vessels only have nerve supply: sympathetic

22. neuro transmitters are stored here in an axon: axon terminal

23. Axon hillock creates...: action potential

24. schwan cells: support cells that produce myelin sheath for neurons in the peripheral nervous system

25. Up regulation: Increased number of hormone receptors, increases uptake

26. Down regulation: Cell makes less hormone receptors, prevents desensitizing

27. Max fine for not reporting sexual abuse: 25,

28. Max fine for committing sexual abuse: 35,

29. Brown-Sequard syndrome: loss of motor / weakness and proprioception on same side as lesion, loss of pain and

temperature on opposite side

30. nodes of ranvier: Gaps in the myelin sheath of the axons of peripheral neurons. Action potentials can 'jump' from node to

node, increasing speed of conduction (saltatory conduction).

31. nerve: collection of axons in the PNS

32. Tract: collection of axons in the CNS

4 / an extremely high electrical resistivity

50. Reticular activating system (RAS): Maintains consousness, filters information to prevent sensory overalod, is NOT

stimulated by smell

51. Cerebellum (arbor ventae): Maintains balance, coordination, muscle tone. Damage =Intention tremor, axtaxia

5 /

52. ataxia: lack of muscle coordination in the execution of voluntary movement

53. hypothalmas: Link nervous system to endocrine system via pituitary gland. also regulates hunger, thrist and secretion of

various hormones

54. mammary bodies: protrude from hypothalmas, process olfactory sensation (smell)

55. Longitudinal fissure: seperates L & R hemispheres in brain

56. corpus callosum: connects L & R hemispheres in brain

57. Limbic system: "emotional brain" controls the basic emotions (fear, pleasure, anger) and drives (hunger, sex, dominance, care

of ottspring). Also controls smell (coorolation between smell and emotion)

58. dopamine: A neurotransmitter associated with movement, attention and learning and the brain's pleasure and reward system.

59. Basal ganglia: Regulates volentary movements. surpresses unwanted movements.

60. internal carotid and vertebral arteries: carry blood to the brain

61. jugular vein: returns blood from the brain

62. astrocytes: Axon guidance and synaptic support, control of the blood brain barrier and blood flow

63. vegas nerve: 80% of parasympathetic out flow

64. digestive system: alone has equal nerve intervation as the rest of the body

65. Epinephren / norepinephren: neuro transmitter used primarily in the sympathetic NS

66. Acetocoline (ACh): neuro transmitter use primarily in the parasympathetic NS

67. Hormones: Chemical messagers used to regulate functions in the body

7 / extreme muscle weakness or diflculty swallowing

83. Grade 1 WAD: resolves in less than 3 weeks

84. Grade 2 WAD: resolves in 4-6 weeks

85. Grade 3 WAD: no time frame given for recovery

86. Grade 4 WAD: surgical care likely, tendons ruptured

87. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): serious disorder involving clotts and plaques which can lead to pulmonary

embolism

88. pulmonary embolism (PE): blockage of the lung's main artery by a substance that traveled from elsewhere through

the bloodstream

89. TOS: compression of the brachial plexus

90. TOS compression sites: between clivical and first rib, anterior and middle scalenes, or coricoid process and pec minor.

91. CTS: carpal tunnel syndrome, most common entrapment syndrome in the arm.

92. nerve CTS effects: median

93. Glucose: Energy source, must be used by all nervous tissue. secreted by pancreas, stored in liver

94. Gylcogen: storage form of glucose

95. Glycogenesis: the conversion of glucose to glycogen when the glucose in the blood exceeds the demand

96. Glycogenolysis: breakdown of glycogen to glucose

97. Glyconeogenesis: the production of glucose from protein or fat

98. insulin: anabolic hormone that allows glucose to enter cells, (decreases BG)

8 /

99. Type 1 Diabetes: irreversible disease that typically starts in childhood. pancreas is unable to make insulin, leading to the inability

to absorb glucose

100. Type 2 Diabetes: Most common, primary risks are reversable. caused by poor diet.

101. Hypoglycemia: Abnormally low blood sugar level, can result in brain dysfunction and death.

102. glucagon: acts on liver to convert glycogen into glucose and release it into blood stream. (increases BG)

103. Alpha cells: secrete glucagon

104. Beta cells: secrete insulin

105. Addison's disease: from distruction or disfunction of the adrenal cortex resulting in a deficiency in cortisol, aldosterone,

adrenal androgens (tanned skin pigmentation)

106. hypothyroidism: Goiter formation, Myxedema (hard pitting edema in face) Decreased metabolic rate, intolerance to cold, hair

loss, dry skin, fatigue, brittle nails and hair, weight gain

107. hyperthyroidism: goiter formation, tachycardia, heat intolerance, weight loss, exopthalmos, increased appitite

108. Dermatome: region of body wall supplied by a single pair of dorsal root ganglia

109. Migrane: vascular headache caused by vasodiolation of blood vessels. photophobia, phonophobia and Allodynia usually

present

110. sub-arachnoid hemorrhage: sudden severe headache "being hit by baseball bat" "Worst headache of my life"

111. Temporal (giant cell) arteritis: Vasculitis of medium sized arteries. Temporal area, jaw painful. can cause blindness.

112. symptoms of increasing intracranial pressure: aggravated by coughing, bending, laying down. Worse in the

morning, improves after you get up.

113. Piriformis syndrome: compression of the sciatic nerve by piriformis muscle usually unilateral