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CNUR - Chapter Multiple Choice
Questions
Health Canada fulfills all of the following roles except: a. regulating of hospitals b. providing information essential to maintaining healthcare and safety of canadians c. overseeing health and health-related laws and regulations d. proving health care to inuit, innu, and first nations canadians living on reserves, eligible veterans, refugee claimants; and inmates in federal penitentiaries - correct answer a. Rationale: Regulating of hospitals is not stated as a role of Health Canada. The other choices are stated roles of Health Canada. what is the responsibility of the provinces and territories in health care? a. administration of publicly funded system outlined in the CHA b. administration of publicly funded system outlined by each regional health authority c. administration of privately funded system as outlined in the CHA d. administration of publicly funded system outlined by each regional health authority - correct answer a. Rationale: Administration of publicly funded system is the responsibility as outlined in the Canada Health Act legislation. The regional health authorities have no jurisdiction, and the system is not privately funded. In contemporary nursing practice, how do regulatory bodies promote safe and competent care? a. by adhering to international regulations b. by adhering to hospital specific standards c. by adhering to provincial and territorial guidelines d. by adhering to national nursing competencies for entry to practice - correct answer d.
Rationale: Professional competencies provide benchmarks for safe and competent professional practice. Professional guidelines require application of judgment according to professional competencies and standards; provincial and territorial guidelines are not benchmarks for nursing regulation; hospital standards are not benchmarks for nursing regulation. Our understanding of health has grown over the last few decades such that the determinants of health established originally by the legislation of the 1980s have changed. Which of the following can be considered determinants of health in contemporary canadian society? - correct answer b. Rationale: Gender, sex, and stress are considered standard determinants of health (SDoH) according to the definition of SDoH. Siblings, family size, family composition, social life, and amount of paid vacation are by definition not considered SDoH. Although culture may be considered an SDoH, hobbies and political opinion are not. Professional self-regulation is: a. A physiological process in the human body b. a right of all professions c. A privilege granted to some professions d. A strategy to inform the public about professionals - correct answer c. Rationale: Professional self-regulation is a privilege granted to some professions; nursing is one of those professions. Match these regulatory terms to the appropriate definition: a. duty to report b. fitness to practice c. standard d. continuing competence I. all the qualities and capabilities of an individual relevant to his or her capability to practice as a nurse II. Nurses or others who observe practice in nurses or other health professionals who place patients at risk have an ethical and legal duty to report concerns to the appropriate person III. An authoritative statement that describes the required behavior of every nurse and is used to evaluate individual performance
b. to the extent that students have been educated so far to practice competently c. to a limited extent and only when ethical and integrity issues arise d. to the full extent that the scope of nursing practice allows - correct answer b. Rationale: Student nurses are held accountable to the extent they have demonstrated to nursing faculty or preceptors that they have the competence to practice according to certain standards. They are held accountable for what any reasonably successful students would have learned at a particular point in their nursing education. Students are held accountable to all of the standards of practice they have achieved in the program and this accountability is not limited to some of the standards of practice such as those about ethical issues. Fitness to practice requirements are set through standards of practice and the CNA Code of Ethics. Who has the primary responsibility for assessing and maintaining a nurse's fitness to practice? a. the nurse manager who evaluates the performance of the nursing staff b. the employer who develops policies and monitors the work environment c. the regulatory body that provides resources about fitness to practice d. the individual nurse who self-assesses and maintains his or her own fitness to practice - correct answer d. Rationale: The first and primary responsibility for fitness to practice lies with each individual nurse who determines his or her competence to provide safe, ethical, and competent patient care in each unique circumstance. The employer policies, quality of the work environment, feedback from managers, and resources provided by the regulatory body may influence a nurse's ability to maintain fitness to practice, but they do not hold the primary responsibility for the fitness of individual nurses. The court will judge a nurse in the performance of his or her duties by: a. looking at whether he or she has a good explanation for why he or she acted as he or she did b. considering whether his or her performance was perfect c. the conduct expected of the ordinary skilled nurse in similar circumstances d. his or her educational background - correct answer c. Rationale: A nurse is only expected to perform in the same manner as other skilled nurses. in canada, courts make decisions by:
a. following the decisions made by the supreme court of canada and other higher courts in the province b. making the decision that the judge feels is the right decision c. looking only at the decisions made by the supreme court of canada d. following the decisions made by the courts in the united states - correct answer a. Rationale: Courts in Canada follow the decisions of the Supreme Court and higher courts in the province. If a plaintiff is awarded damages by a court, the nurse defendant: a. never has to pay any money to the defendant himself b. must pay any monetary damages awarded to the plaintiff from his or her own money c. will not be responsible for paying the money himself or herself in many cases, as the hospital or his or her employer will be vicariously liable for the payment d. will not be responsible for paying the money himself or herself in almost all cases, as either the hospital, his or her employer, or his or her insurance will cover the payment - correct answer d. Rationale: If the concept of vicarious liability does not apply, the nurse's insurer will normally cover any costs. Consent from a patient must be: a. timely, detailed, and appropriate b. informed, timely, and referable, c. voluntary d. voluntary, with capacity, referable, and informed - correct answer d. Rationale: It is important to remember that consent must not only be informed, but must also be voluntary, made with capacity, and referable to the treatment. proper documentation should: a. be complete, legible, and accurate b. state personal opinions about patients or other staff c. contain the minimum of information to save time d. be legible so the notes are easy to read - correct answer a.
Rationale: The patient must be told the information which a reasonable person in the position of the patient would want to know. This includes information about alternative treatments and answers to any specific questions. As a student nurse it is your responsibility to complete your assignment to the best of your ability in a timely and accurate manner. Your responsibility is to learn and grow as a nurse, not to provide leadership in elevation of the education process. true or false? - correct answer 1. False Rationale: Your feedback on courses, assignments, and clinical practices through the completion of course evaluations, is essential for the continued improvement of nursing education.
- correct answer 1.What is "management by exception" leadership style - correct answer E.this leader focuses on appropriate completion of tasks to maintain current performance. Failure to adequately complete tasks requires correction 2.What is "laissez-faire" leadership style - correct answer F.refers to leaders who are not concerned about organizational outcomes or follower behavior. Leaders refuse to take responsibility to address important outcomes 3.What is "transactional" leadership style - correct answer G. These leaders tend to (1) clarify expected performance and provide rewards for good performance. (2) correct variations from the expected standard and (3) work to prevent problems 4.What is "servant" leadership style - correct answer A. the leader displays stresses service to others and recognizes that the role of organizations is to create people who can build a better tomorrow 5.What is "passive-avoidant" leadership style - correct answer D.these leaders often avoid taking action, reacting with corrective action once problems have became serious.
- what is "transformational: leadership style - correct answer B.Leaders have four characteristics including idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and idealized consideration. Transformational leaders are sensitive to
the needs of others and change the organizational culture by realigning it with a new vision What is "resonant" leadership style - correct answer C. Relational energy is made evident by building relationships and managing emotions in workplace Match up the following I. ACEN II. CASN III. CCRNR IV. CFNU V. CNA VI. CNSA with their meanings: a. national voice of canadian nursing students b. advances solutions to improve patient care, working conditions, and our public health care system. c. national professional voice of RNs d. National voice for nursing education, research, and scholarship e. Aligning and advancing the national nursing practice, education, research, and leadership F. National forum and voice regarding interprovincial/territorial, national and global regulatory matters for nursing regulation - correct answer I. E II. D III. F IV. B V. C VI. A RN's, licensed practical nurses psychiatric nurses are licensed to practice in all canadian provinces and territories - T or F - correct answer False
The federal office of nursing policy was housed under which organization? a. Health Canada b. CFNU c. the ministry of health in each province d. CNA headquarters in Ottawa - correct answer a. Rationale: Health Canada is the only federal option in the list. Match the type of nursing organization with its purpose: TYPE I Clinical specialty II Professional III Regulatory IV Union PURPOSE a Represent nurses and their working conditions b Quality of practitioners and protection of the public c education, advocacy, and support to clinical specialty nurses d advance the practice and profession - correct answer 10. I. C II. D III. B IV. A An error that is caught before it happens is a a. near miss b. good save c. stroke of luck d. timely discovery - correct answer a. Rationale: A near miss is sometimes referred to as a "good catch"; mistakes that are caught before they harm a patient.
CNSA: the voice of nursing students in canada has been in existance since: a 2000 b 1971 c 1999 d 2005 - correct answer b. Rationale: The Canadian Nursing Students' Association was founded in 1971. Which of the following behaviors could be perceived as "bullying" behaviors? a eye rolling by a nurse at you or another nurse b having other nurses refuse to help you with patient care c being excluded by other nurses from lunches or social events d all of the above - correct answer. d. Rationale: All of the above behaviours could be perceived as bullying by others depending on the context. If a friend rolls his eyes at something you said, you may both find the situation humorous, but there are other times when your opinion is dismissed as being irrelevant and the other person mocks you by rolling her eyes; this could be an unwanted and hurtful reaction. CAT allows for: a the computer to choose items based on the individual's ability b the student to control the questions being asked c the testing process to be shorter d a longer wait time for the results - correct answer. a. Rationale: In computer adaptive testing, the computer chooses items based on the abilities of the person taking the test. The computer controls the questions being asked and test can take longer or be shorter depending on how the individual is answering the questions. A benefit to the computer adaptive testing is that finding out the results can be much faster. The jurisprudence examination is taken: a prior to receiving registration by your provincial regulatory body b at the beginning of your final year of nursing school
Rationale: Transition Shock may involve doubt, disorientation, loss and confusion for the new graduate. Which is an example of a health risk assessment? a family genogram b past medical history c general health survey d exposure to harmful substances - correct answer. d. Rationale: Health risk assessments incorporate a thorough overview of the patient's past and present health and behaviours Thomas wants to compete in a local 5km run. Which wellness domain does this represent a physical b intellectual c occupational d environmental - correct answer a. Rationale: Without knowing any other information, such as reasons for joining the race, other domains cannot be interwoven. What is the best example of a spiritual wellness intervention? a plan a walk to the hospital lobby b test the patient with a mini-mental exam c observe how much the patient ingested for breakfast d sit with a young child until asleep on this first night in hospital - correct answer d. Rationale: Often, spiritual interventions relate to the nurse's presence and relationship with the patient. Limits placed on a patient in the space where he or she lives and works is an example of which approach to disability? a social model b medical model
c disability model d chronic illness model - correct answer. a. Rationale: The social model is concerned with the patient's relationship to others in the environment. One aspect is whether space facilitates those relationships or not. Where does the concept of social support networks fit? a self change behaviors b determinants of health c health education activities d health promotion behaviors - correct answer b. Rationale: Social support networks are one of the determinants of health as well as the socioeconomic environment, income, education, employment, social environments, physical environments, healthy childhood development, personal health practices, individual capacity, biology and genetics, health services, gender, and culture. Mary chooses to quit drinking coffee when she studies because the caffeine is affecting her sleep. Twice this last week, she stayed up late to study then slept though her morning class! Mary decides she will quit today. Mary's decision is an example of which concept in the revised HPM? a. self change behavior b self efficiency c self assessment d self concept - correct answer. a. Rationale: Self-change behaviour is the action to be performed. Self-efficacy is the belief that the patient can follow through with the action. Self-assessment is taking account of strengths and weaknesses but is also not part of the Health Promotion Model (revised). Neither is self-concept, which is the perception one has about oneself. Which of the following best describes an ethical dilemma? a. A situation involving conflicting or overlapping professional roles b. A situation in which there are conflicting values and beliefs c. Any clinical situation that involves informed consent
Rationale: Although all four are examples of responsible and accountable behaviour, the student who takes the patient's concerns to his preceptor is standing up for something he believes in—being an advocate for his patient. Which of the following is a global trend in health care that has important ethical implications? a. the effect and power of the media has decreased over time b. the traditional hierarchal model of the doctor-patient relationship persists c. the use of technology in health care is prevalent and continues to increase d. the legal rights of patients are well aligned with the heath care professionals' obligations - correct answer c. Rationale: Although we don't only find ethical dilemmas in highly technological environments, the prevalence of technology in health care does contribute to ethical dilemmas. Which of the following best describes the major difference between deontological and consequential ethical theories? a. deontologists focus on duties to guide ethical action, whereas consequentialists look to outcomes. b. deontologists believe that the most ethical action is that which aligns with individual values while consequentialists emphasize collective values c. Deotonologists would state that one should never lie, whereas consequentialists would claim that lying is always permissable - correct answer a. Rationale: Deontologists look at duties and obligations to help us decide what is ethically correct, whereas consequentialists always aim to maximize good outcomes through ethical action Which of the following best describes the responsibility of nurses in terms of informed consent? a. nurses must act as witness to patients signatures on consent form b. nurses should explain detailed surgical procedures to patients c. nurses should seek written consent for all patient care activities, including dressing d. nurses should provide patients with the chance to express consent for patient care - correct answer d.
Rationale: Nurses should ensure that patients provide informal, explicit consent for any kind of patient care, such as taking vital signs, giving a bed bath, changing a dressing, or receiving education. A theory is: a. composed of sets of ideas (concepts, variables) used to describe, explain, or predict physical or social worlds b. a set of concepts that have relationships within, between, or among them c. used to inform nursing practice d. all of the above - correct answer. d. Rationale: All of the responses are included in the concept of theory. The metaparadigm of nursing including the following concepts: a nursing, people, critical social theory, environment, and wellness b. nursing, person, environment, health, and social justice c. nursing, health, person, environment d. environmental theory, ethics, health, and social justice - correct answer b. Rationale: Social justice is now included as a concept of the metaparadigm. Social justice is: a. an approach best suited when working with marginalized or vulnerable people b. an approach best suited to working with rich and able bodied people c. an approach used in every practice setting d. an approach used in a community practice setting - correct answer a. Rationale: Social justice ensures the allocation of life resources in a way that benefits the marginalized groups such as the poor or people with disabilities. List the four ways of knowing as described by Carper: a. empiric, altruistic, personal ethical b. ethics, abstract, personal knowing, empirical c. personal knowing, ethics, esthetics, experimental
b. nothing because there was no harm done; it has been reported already c. fill out hospitals event report d. wait for her clinical experience mark before disclosing - correct answer c. Rationale: All incidents, even near misses or good catches, must be reported to allow for systems evaluation to determine root causes and recommendations for improvement. For questions 4. to 6. refer to this scenario: A nursing manager makes a unilateral decision to have the footrests welded to all wheelchairs on the unit because many foot rests are disappearing from the unit. The manager is unable to replace them due to budged constraints. Since the footrest welding, several nurses ave hurt their backs transferring patients from the wheelchair to the bathroom because wheelchairs cannot easily be maneuvered into patient bedrooms
- The budget constraint factor can be explained using a systems theory approach as which type of factor? a. system communication failure b. system design flaw c. system defense breakdown d. system forcing function
- The unit nurses approach the unit manager with their safety concerns in relation to the wheelchairs. The unit manager responds in an authoritarian style, accusing them of poor nursing judgement. The unit manager's response is an example of wh - correct answer 4. b. Rationale: The unilateral decision to weld leg rests has resulted in back injuries, so the first problem was replaced by a second, possibly bigger problem.
- a. Rationale: Authority gradient is defined as one who believes he or she is better or more knowledgeable than another based on rank or title. 6 .d.
Rationale: A team including maintenance and the manufacturing company must discuss possible solutions that meet the unit manager's needs without causing harm to patients or staff. An aboriginal patient requests to visit the aboriginal center for a healing ceremony during his hospital stay. The nurse immediately denies his request stating she is too busy to transport him to the center in the hospital. Which type of harm has the patient experienced? a. Physical b. Social c. Cultural d. Spiritual - correct answer d. Rationale: Religious and/or spiritual ceremonies/activities contribute to the well- being of patients and need to be accommodated if at all possible. Someone else may have been able to transport the patient. Which of the following factors explains why competent health care professionals are involved in adverse events? a. they are incompetent b. they are negligent c. they are human d. they are indifferent - correct answer. c. Rationale: No one can do everything right 100% of the time. Which of the following is the best definition of of patient safety? a. a way of monitoring health professionals work b. a way of decreasing unsafe acts c. a way of improving patient satisfaction d. a way of assigning responsibility to nurses only - correct answer b. Rationale: The definition of patient safety is the reduction and mitigation of unsafe acts within the health-care system. WHIMIS in composed of what three required areas?
