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Complementary and Alternative Therapy: Understanding the Basics, Exams of Health sciences

Rasmussen College - FloridaHealth sciences

A comprehensive overview of complementary and alternative therapies, including their definitions, common types, and key considerations. It delves into the regulatory landscape, highlighting the differences between drug and supplement testing, as well as the potential benefits and risks associated with various complementary and alternative treatments. A wide range of vitamins, minerals, and herbal supplements, exploring their uses, mechanisms of action, adverse effects, and interactions with conventional medications. It serves as a valuable resource for healthcare professionals, students, and individuals interested in understanding the role of complementary and alternative therapies in healthcare.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 08/21/2024

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NUR 221 - Complementary and Alternative Therapy |
2024 Questions & Answers | 100% Correct | Verified
What is the definition of complementary? - ✔✔non-mainstream practice used together with
conventional medicine
What is the definition of alternative? - ✔✔non-mainstream practice that is used in place of conventional
medicine
-used in place of others
Most common alternative medicine? - ✔✔dietary supplements
What is the most important thing to ask when it comes to complementary/alternative medicine? - ✔✔is
it safe and does it work?
What is an Adverse effect of dietary supplement regulation? - ✔✔FDA can intervene but only after the
product has been released
How does testing between drugs and supplements differ? - ✔✔-drugs are presumed dangerous till
rigorous testing demonstrates otherwise
-supplements are presumed safe till demonstrated hazardous
List some reasons why people use supplements? - ✔✔-perception that supplements are safer
-sense of control over one's care
-emotional comfort from taking action
-cultural influence
-limited access to professional care
-lack of health insurance
-convenience
-media marking
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NUR 221 - Complementary and Alternative Therapy |

2024 Questions & Answers | 100% Correct | Verified

What is the definition of complementary? - ✔✔non-mainstream practice used together with conventional medicine What is the definition of alternative? - ✔✔non-mainstream practice that is used in place of conventional medicine

  • used in place of others Most common alternative medicine? - ✔✔dietary supplements What is the most important thing to ask when it comes to complementary/alternative medicine? - ✔✔is it safe and does it work? What is an Adverse effect of dietary supplement regulation? - ✔✔FDA can intervene but only after the product has been released How does testing between drugs and supplements differ? - ✔✔-drugs are presumed dangerous till rigorous testing demonstrates otherwise
  • supplements are presumed safe till demonstrated hazardous List some reasons why people use supplements? - ✔✔-perception that supplements are safer
  • sense of control over one's care
  • emotional comfort from taking action
  • cultural influence
  • limited access to professional care
  • lack of health insurance
  • convenience
  • media marking
  • recommendation by friends and family What is the one vitamin that is synthesized in the body? - ✔✔vitamin D Describe water soluble vitamins - ✔✔-Vitamin C and B
  • absorbed with water in digestive tract
  • not stored
  • excreted in urine Describe lipid soluble vitamins - ✔✔-vitamin A, D, E, and K
  • must be ingested with other lipids
  • may be stored in liver and adipose tissue
  • may accumulate to toxic levels What is the definition of recommended daily allowance? - ✔✔represents the minimum amount of vitamin or mineral needed to prevent a deficiency in a healthy adult Do most people need to take vitamins? - ✔✔no, most people who eat a balanced diet obtain enough vitamins with supplementation Vitamin deficiencies are usually associated with what? - ✔✔poverty, fad diets, chronic alcohol, or drug abuse Describe Vitamin A and what deficiency it can lead to? - ✔✔-retinol
  • from foods with carotenes, dark leafy vegetables, butter, eggs, whole milk, and liver
  • if deficient = liver cirrhosis or gastrectomy (chronic alcohol use) Describe Vitamin D2. - ✔✔-ergocalciferol, plant based, in fortified dairy

What happens if you have too much calcium? - ✔✔hypotension, constipation, anorexia dysrthymias What happens if you have too much Iron? - ✔✔this is the leading cause of fatal poisoning in children What happens if you have too much magnesium? - ✔✔cardiotoxicity, respiratory failure, deep tendon reflex reduction What happens if you have too much zinc? - ✔✔rare but could be fever, immunosuppression What is the Natural Medicines Brand Evidence-based rating? - ✔✔website that says if herbal supplements are safe or not What is Black Cohosh used for? MOA, adverse effects? - ✔✔-treat symptoms of menopause

  • MOA unknown
  • adverse effects: rash, headache, dizziness, short term
  • as effective as estrogen What is Coenzyme Q-10 (CoQ-10)? - ✔✔-potent antioxidant which helps produce ATP at mitochondria level
  • more questions about it than answers
  • adverse effects: may antagonize effects of warfarin
  • structurally similar to Vitamin K (may cause blood clot) What is CoQ-10 used for? - ✔✔-mitochondrial encephalomyopathies
  • congestive heart failure
  • myopathies due to 3-hydroxy- 3 - methylgutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) What is Feverfew used for, MOA, Adverse Effects, interactions, effectiveness? - ✔✔-used for prophylaxis of migraines
  • MOA = not understood
  • Adverse effects: mild GI reaction, no serious effect
  • don't take with antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulants
  • proved effective What is flaxseed used for, adverse effects, how it is taken? - ✔✔-treat dyslipidemia and constipation
  • absorb fats in intestine and digestion
  • reduce LDL
  • adverse effects: GI related (bloat, cramps)
  • take 1 hour before or 2 hours after other meds (could affect absorption of other meds) What is cranberry juice used for, how much needed, effectiveness? - ✔✔-prevent UTIs
  • affects how bacteria adheres to wall of urinary bladder
  • 8 oz in morning and evening
  • can affect blood clotting = can increase INR of warfarin patients
  • help prevent UTIs in teens or 20s and elderly women What is echinacea used for, effectiveness, and interactions? - ✔✔-produces antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunostimulant effects
  • may interfere with immunosuppressant drugs
  • questionable effectiveness What is Garlic used for, adverse effects, how should it be taken? - ✔✔-cardiovascular system effects
  • reduce LDL and increase HDL
  • adverse effects: significant anti-platelet (caution if take aspirin or other anticoagulants)
  • effective if consumed raw or in tablets Garlic has a significant effects of what? - ✔✔antiplatelet effect
  • blood thinners

What is Valerian used for? - ✔✔-used for sleep

  • well tolerated
  • does not seem to potentiate CNS depressant effects of alcohol, could occur what is comfrey? - ✔✔-harmful supplement
  • results in venoocclusive disease What is kava? - ✔✔-harmful supplement
  • results in severe hepatic damage What is Ma Huang (ephedra)? - ✔✔-harmful supplement
  • elevate BP and stimulate heart and CNS