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Contemporary Philippine

Arts from the Regions

Artistic Skills and Techniques

Quarter 2 - Module 3

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Senior High School

Lesson

Artistic Skills and Techniques

What’s In

The previous lesson scanned the arts and crafts in Mindanao. We were able to study the attire, textiles, and tapestries created by B’laan, Bagobos, T’boli, Maranaos and Yakan groups. We also recognized some Mindananoan contemporary artists and their masterpieces. These artists shared some of their techniques in making contemporary artworks. These artistic skills and techniques will be elaborated in this lesson.

Many contemporary artists do not have formal studies in the fine arts. Many of them are self- taught. Concerned with the development of their talent and skills in artmaking, they study on their own, interact with artists and read a lot about lives of artists and their artworks. They also explore the materials in hardware stores, experiment with chemical reactions on their base material. Some hire resin makers, house painters and materials fabricators to help them in constructing artworks.

In this lesson, we will learn the meaning of “artistic skill” and “technique” through actual and hands-on activities. We will also learn that artists’ choice of material and how they use these materials are at the heart of making art, and that these involves process and transformation.

TECHNIQUE

Technique is the way artists use and manipulate materials to achieve the desired formal effect, and communicate the desired concept, or meaning, according to his or her personal style (modern, Neoclassic, etc.). The distinctive character or nature of the medium determines the technique.

Technique involves tools and technology, ranging from most traditional (for example carving, silkscreen, analog photography, and filmmaking) to the most contemporary (digital photography, digital filmmaking, music production, industrial design, and robotics).

Here are some of art techniques used by artists.

1. Collage – is the technique of an art production used in the visual arts where the artwork is made from on assemblage of different forms, thus creating a new whole. Collage may sometimes include magazines and newspaper clippings, ribbons, paints, bits of colored or handmade papers, portions of other artwork or texts, photographs, and other found objects, glued to a piece of paper or canvas.
2. Decollage – is the opposite of collage; instead of an image is being built up all or parts of existing images, it is created by cutting, treating away or otherwise removing pieces of an original image. The French word “Decollage” in English means “Take-off” or “To become Unglued” or “To become unstuck”. Example of decollage include cut-up technique. Similar technique is the lacerated poster, a poster in which one has been over another.
3. Graffiti – are writing or drawings that have been scribed, scratched, or painted illicitly on a wall or other surface, often in a public space. Graffiti range from simple written words to elaborate wall paintings. Graffiti may express underlying social and political messages, and a whole genre of artistic expression is based spray paint graffiti styles.
4. Land Art – earth works, or earth arts is an art movement in which landscape and the work of art are inextricably linked. It is also an art form that is created in nature, using natural materials such as soil, rock (bed rock, bolders, stones), organic media (logs, branches, leaves), and water which introduced materials such as concrete, metal asphalt, or mineral pigments.
5. Digital Arts – is an artistic work or practice that uses digital technology as an essential part of the creative or presentation process. Digital art is work made with digital technology or presented on digital technology. This includes images done completely on computer or hand-drawn images scanned into a computer and finished using a software program like Adobe Illustrator. Digital art can also involve animation and 3D virtual sculpture renderings as well as projects that combine several technologies. Some digital art involves manipulation of video images. After some resistance, the impact of digital technology has transformed activities such as paintings, drawing, sculpture, and music/sound art, while new form such as net art.
6. Mixed Media – It refers to a work of visual art that combines various traditionally distinct visual art. For example, work on canvas that combines paint, ink and collage. When creating a painted or photograph work using mixed media, it is important to choose the layers carefully and allow enough dying time between the layers to ensure the final work will have structural integrity, if many different layers are imposed. Many effects can be achieved by using mixed media. Found objects can be used in conjunction with the traditional artist to attain a wide range of self- expression.
7. Print Making – is the process of making artworks by painting, normally in the paper. Prints are created by transforming ink from a matrix ink from a matrix or through a prepared screen to a sheet of paper or other material. Common types of matrices include metal plates, usually copper or zinc, or polymer plates for engraving or etching; stone aluminum of polymer for lithography; blocks of wood crafts and wood graving; and linoleum for linocuts. Screen made of silk or synthetic fabrics are used for the screen-printing process.
8. Frottage – is the technique of rubbing with crayon on a piece of paper which has been placed over an object or an image. The impression of the image can be created using leaves, woods, wire screen, or metal with embossed image or words.
9. Decalcomania – is the process of applying gouache to paper or glass then transferring a reversal of the image onto canvas or other flat materials.
10. Decoupage – is done by adhering cut-outs of paper and then coating these with one or transparent coating of varnish.

11. Eggshell mosaic - is an artistic technique that uses tiny parts of eggshell to create a whole image or object. Mosaics are usually assembled using small tiles that are square, but they can also be round or randomly shaped.
12. Trapunto painting – is the technique used by Pacita Abad where her canvases are padded, sewn, and often filled with sequins, beads, shell, buttons, tiny mirrors, bits of glass, rickrack, swatches of precious textiles and other things that she picks up from her travels and journey.

Art is considered an “artifact’ when it is directly experienced and perceived. It can be spatial and static or unmoving (e.g., a painting or building, or a novel) or time based and in motion (e.g., a live theater production, mobile sculpture).

To know the full meaning of a work, it is also necessary to study the material from which it is made and how it is made.

Collage Land Arts

Graffiti

Digital Arts

Mixed Media Decollage

Print Making (^) Eggshell Mosaic (^) Frottage

Decalcomania (^) Decoupage Trapunto painting