DAANCE MOD 1-BASIC SCIENCES STUDY GUIDE (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS)2023, Exams of Study of Commodities

DAANCE MOD 1-BASIC SCIENCES STUDY GUIDE (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS)2023 neurons do what - CORRECT ANSWER - conduct nerve impulses what is the synapse - CORRECT ANSWER - junction between two neurons what makes up the central nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER - brain and spinal cord what three parts make up the brain - CORRECT ANSWER - cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata what makes up the peripheral nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER - sensory nerves and motor nerves How many cranial nerves are there - CORRECT ANSWER - 12

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DAANCE MOD 1-BASIC SCIENCES STUDY
GUIDE (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS)2023
neurons do what - CORRECT ANSWER - conduct nerve impulses
what is the synapse - CORRECT ANSWER - junction between two neurons
what makes up the central nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER - brain and spinal
cord
what three parts make up the brain - CORRECT ANSWER - cerebrum, cerebellum,
medulla oblongata
what makes up the peripheral nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER - sensory
nerves and motor nerves
How many cranial nerves are there - CORRECT ANSWER - 12
what nerve is the trigeminal nerve - CORRECT ANSWER - 5
what parts does the trigeminal nerve control - CORRECT ANSWER - supplies
sensation to the teeth and jaw
what are the 2 components of the autonomic nervous system? - CORRECT
ANSWER - sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
what nervous system "speeds things up" - CORRECT ANSWER - sympathetic
what nervous system "slows things down" - CORRECT ANSWER - parasympathetic
what nervous system has terminations in all level of the heart - CORRECT ANSWER
- sympathetic nervous system
stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system causes what? - CORRECT ANSWER
- vasoconstriction in general and increases the heart rate
what nervous system is important in maintaining blood pressure - CORRECT
ANSWER - sympathetic
vasomotor is controlled by the - CORRECT ANSWER - sympathetic nervous system
the vasomotor does what - CORRECT ANSWER - controls the diameter of the blood
vessels
baroreceptors regulate what function - CORRECT ANSWER - blood pressure with
positional changes
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DAANCE MOD 1-BASIC SCIENCES STUDY

GUIDE (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS)

neurons do what - CORRECT ANSWER - conduct nerve impulses what is the synapse - CORRECT ANSWER - junction between two neurons what makes up the central nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER - brain and spinal cord what three parts make up the brain - CORRECT ANSWER - cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata what makes up the peripheral nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER - sensory nerves and motor nerves How many cranial nerves are there - CORRECT ANSWER - 12 what nerve is the trigeminal nerve - CORRECT ANSWER - 5 what parts does the trigeminal nerve control - CORRECT ANSWER - supplies sensation to the teeth and jaw what are the 2 components of the autonomic nervous system? - CORRECT ANSWER - sympathetic nervous system parasympathetic nervous system what nervous system "speeds things up" - CORRECT ANSWER - sympathetic what nervous system "slows things down" - CORRECT ANSWER - parasympathetic what nervous system has terminations in all level of the heart - CORRECT ANSWER

  • sympathetic nervous system stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system causes what? - CORRECT ANSWER
  • vasoconstriction in general and increases the heart rate what nervous system is important in maintaining blood pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - sympathetic vasomotor is controlled by the - CORRECT ANSWER - sympathetic nervous system the vasomotor does what - CORRECT ANSWER - controls the diameter of the blood vessels baroreceptors regulate what function - CORRECT ANSWER - blood pressure with positional changes

the sympathetic or adrenergic effects of the autonomic nervous system involve what

  • CORRECT ANSWER - two effects A and B- these effect several tissues and organs Alpha effect is what (only one alpha) - CORRECT ANSWER - vasoconstriction Beta effect is what( two beta categories) - CORRECT ANSWER - seen in bigger organs, heart and lungs Beta 1 activity is where - CORRECT ANSWER - heart related functions- such as increased heart rate and strength of contraction Beta 2 activity is where - CORRECT ANSWER - pulmonary function of bronchiolar dilation (lungs) Parasympathetic stimulation causes what - CORRECT ANSWER - increased activity of digestive tract and stimulates production of saliva and pharyngeal secretions. (atropine or Robinul can counteract stimulations) Automaticity - CORRECT ANSWER - heart pumps on its own Heart has four chamber- what are they - CORRECT ANSWER - left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle Where does the left atrium receive blood from - CORRECT ANSWER - from the lungs, via the pulmonary vein- oxygen rich blood Where does the right atrium receive blood from - CORRECT ANSWER - from the peripheral (body's) circulation and is oxygen poor the ventricles receive blood from where - CORRECT ANSWER - the atria Ventricle anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER - thicker walls larger chambers left ventricle is the thickest m. Where does the right ventricle send blood - CORRECT ANSWER - deoxygenated blood to the lungs Where does the left ventricle send blood - CORRECT ANSWER - oxygenated blood to the body/ peripheral circulation What are the three sources the right atrium receives blood - CORRECT ANSWER - above: superior vena cava below: inferior vena cava inside the heart m.: coronary sinus the blood in veins are considered what - CORRECT ANSWER - oxygen poor blood vessels leading AWAY from the heart are - CORRECT ANSWER - arteries

pacemaker of the heart rhythms caused by the SA node are called what - CORRECT ANSWER - sinus rhythms ectopic pacemakers occur when - CORRECT ANSWER - when the SA node fails- they will be produced and take over as the pacemaker the impulse from the SA Node travels to where - CORRECT ANSWER - the atrioventricular node (AV) after the AV node is stimulated where does the impulse go - CORRECT ANSWER - bundle of His where does the impulse go after the bundle of His - CORRECT ANSWER - purkinje fiber system the Purkinje system does what with the impulse - CORRECT ANSWER - fibers that branch into the right and left ventricles and the ventricles will contract does the AV node speeds up or slows down the impulse - CORRECT ANSWER - slows down Stroke Volume - CORRECT ANSWER - 60 mL of blood (30 mL = 1 oz) amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in one beat cardiac output - CORRECT ANSWER - total amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in one minute stroke volume x heart rate =________ - CORRECT ANSWER - cardiac output P wave is what - CORRECT ANSWER - atrial depolarization QRS wave is what - CORRECT ANSWER - ventricular contraction- ventricular depolarization T wave is what - CORRECT ANSWER - Ventricular repolarization makes the ventricle muscle ready for a new contraction QRS complexes can be counted to determine - CORRECT ANSWER - heart rate lingual artery supplies where - CORRECT ANSWER - tongue and floor of mouth facial artery supplies - CORRECT ANSWER - the face- located behind mandible inferior alveolar artery supplies - CORRECT ANSWER - mandible and teeth maxillary artery supplies - CORRECT ANSWER - maxilla, sinuses, teeth, nose important veins in antecubital space - CORRECT ANSWER - cephalic, basiilic,

pharynx is located where - CORRECT ANSWER - space between the nose and the trachea three sections three sections of the pharynx are what - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. nasopharynx

  1. oropharynx
  2. laryngopharynx nasopharynx is located where - CORRECT ANSWER - above the back of the soft palate oropharynx is located where - CORRECT ANSWER - lies between the soft palate and the epiglottis laryngopharynx is located where - CORRECT ANSWER - directly behind the larynx- voice box epiglottis is what - CORRECT ANSWER - soft tissue valve that covers the larynx. located at the base of the tongue purpose of epiglottis - CORRECT ANSWER - allow air in and out of the lungs- prevents food or liquids from entering the lungs. closes the airway while swallowing the lower airway is what - CORRECT ANSWER - trachea trachea is how large - CORRECT ANSWER - 12 cm in length 2.5 cm in diameter trachea divides into what - CORRECT ANSWER - right and left bronchi bronchi branch out and become - CORRECT ANSWER - bronchioles and then alveoli how much RBC are in blood (erythrocytes) - CORRECT ANSWER - 40 % Hematocrit - CORRECT ANSWER - percentage of blood volume made up of RBC male 42-52% female 37-48% Hemoglobin - CORRECT ANSWER - one protein globin four non proteins heme normal levels of hemoglobin - CORRECT ANSWER - 13 - 18 mL/dL males 12 - 16 mL/dL females Anemia - CORRECT ANSWER - decrease of the hemoglobin concentration