DAANCE Module 1-Basic Sciences Study Guide Questions with 100% Correct Answers, Exams of Nursing

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DAANCE Module 1-Basic

Sciences Study Guide Questions

with 100% Correct Answers|

Updated 2025

neurons do what - ✔✔conduct nerve impulses what is the synapse - ✔✔junction between two neurons what makes up the central nervous system - ✔✔brain and spinal cord what three parts make up the brain - ✔✔cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata what makes up the peripheral nervous system - ✔✔sensory nerves and motor nerves How many cranial nerves are there - ✔✔ 12 what nerve is the trigeminal nerve - ✔✔ 5 what parts does the trigeminal nerve control - ✔✔supplies sensation to the teeth and jaw what are the 2 components of the autonomic nervous system? - ✔✔sympathetic nervous system

DAANCE Module 1-Basic Sciences

what nervous system "speeds things up" - ✔✔sympathetic what nervous system "slows things down" - ✔✔parasympathetic what nervous system has terminations in all level of the heart - ✔✔sympathetic nervous system stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system causes what? - ✔✔vasoconstriction in general and increases the heart rate what nervous system is important in maintaining blood pressure - ✔✔sympathetic vasomotor is controlled by the - ✔✔sympathetic nervous system the vasomotor does what - ✔✔controls the diameter of the blood vessels baroreceptors regulate what function - ✔✔blood pressure with positional changes the sympathetic or adrenergic effects of the autonomic nervous system involve what - ✔✔two effects A and B- these effect several tissues and organs Alpha effect is what (only one alpha) - ✔✔vasoconstriction

Beta effect is what( two beta categories) - ✔✔seen in bigger organs, heart and lungs Beta 1 activity is where - ✔✔heart related functions- such as increased heart rate and strength of contraction Beta 2 activity is where - ✔✔pulmonary function of bronchiolar dilation (lungs) Parasympathetic stimulation causes what - ✔✔increased activity of digestive tract and stimulates production of saliva and pharyngeal secretions. (atropine or Robinul can counteract stimulations) Automaticity - ✔✔heart pumps on its own Heart has four chamber- what are they - ✔✔left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle Where does the left atrium receive blood from - ✔✔from the lungs, via the pulmonary vein- oxygen rich blood Where does the right atrium receive blood from - ✔✔from the peripheral (body's) circulation and is oxygen poor the ventricles receive blood from where - ✔✔the atria

4. contracts- closes tricuspid valve/opens pulmonary valve
5. blood goes through pulmonary artery to the lungs
6. pulmonary veins returns blood to left atrium
7. contracts-mitral valve
8. left ventricle fills with blood
9. Contracts- forces blood through aortic valve into aorta and then the peripheral circulation. closure of the four valves prevents back flow. if valve is damaged then this will be a

• ✔✔heart murmur or mitral valve prolapse most heart problems are because of - ✔✔faulty or reduced coronary circulation- the hearts own circulatory system reduced oxygen supply weakens the heart this condition is called - ✔✔ischemia what results from ischemia - ✔✔angina pectoris- chest pain poor circulation can also cause - ✔✔myocardium infarction arteries can either or - ✔✔vasodilation or vasoconstriction

diastolic phase is during what part of the blood flow - ✔✔when the ventricles are relaxed

the impulse from the SA Node travels to where - ✔✔the atrioventricular node (AV) after the AV node is stimulated where does the impulse go - ✔✔bundle of His where does the impulse go after the bundle of His - ✔✔purkinje fiber system the Purkinje system does what with the impulse - ✔✔fibers that branch into the right and left ventricles and the ventricles will contract does the AV node speeds up or slows down the impulse - ✔✔slows down Stroke Volume - ✔✔60 mL of blood (30 mL = 1 oz) amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in one beat cardiac output - ✔✔total amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in one minute stroke volume x heart rate = - ✔✔cardiac output P wave is what - ✔✔atrial depolarization

QRS wave is what - ✔✔ventricular contraction- ventricular depolarization

nasopharynx is located where - ✔✔above the back of the soft palate oropharynx is located where - ✔✔lies between the soft palate and the epiglottis laryngopharynx is located where - ✔✔directly behind the larynx- voice box epiglottis is what - ✔✔soft tissue valve that covers the larynx. located at the base of the tongue purpose of epiglottis - ✔✔allow air in and out of the lungs- prevents food or liquids from entering the lungs. closes the airway while swallowing the lower airway is what - ✔✔trachea trachea is how large - ✔✔12 cm in length 2.5 cm in diameter trachea divides into what - ✔✔right and left bronchi bronchi branch out and become - ✔✔bronchioles and then alveoli

how much RBC are in blood (erythrocytes) - ✔✔40 % Hematocrit - ✔✔percentage of blood volume made up of RBC male 42-52% female 37-48% Hemoglobin - ✔✔one protein globin four non proteins heme normal levels of hemoglobin - ✔✔13-18 mL/dL males 12-16 mL/dL females Anemia - ✔✔decrease of the hemoglobin concentration How much oxygen is connected to hemoglobin - ✔✔1.34 mL Dead Space - ✔✔-area where gas will not be exchanged -extends from the pharynx to the bronchioles -area is 150 cc of volume space tidal volume - ✔✔amount of air inhaled and exhaled