Data Communication and Networking: Fundamentals and Concepts, Slides of Data Communication Systems and Computer Networks

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Data Communication and

Networking

Arjun K P, AP, SCSE, GU

DATA COMMUNICATIONS

• The term telecommunication means communication at a distance.
• The word data refers to information presented in whatever form is agreed upon by the parties creating and using the data.
• Data communications are the exchange of data between two devices via some form of transmission medium such as a wire cable.

Data Communications System

Components

Data Communications System

Components

• Message: The message is the information (data) to be communicated like text, numbers, pictures, audio, and video.
• Sender: The sender is the device that sends the data message.
• Receiver: The receiver is the device that receives the message.

Data Representation

• Text
• Numbers
• Images
• Audio
• Video

Data flow (simplex, half-duplex, and

full-duplex)

Distributed Processing

• Most networks use distributed processing, in which a task is divided among multiple computers.
• Instead of one single large machine being responsible for all aspects of a process, separate computers (usually a personal computer or workstation) handle a subset.

Network Criteria

• Performance - transit time and response time.
• Reliability - network reliability is measured by the frequency of failure, the time it takes a link to recover from a failure.
• Security - protecting data from unauthorized access, protecting data from damage and development

Physical Structures

• Physical Topology : The term physical topology refers to the way in which a network is laid out physically.

A fully connected mesh topology (five devices)

A bus topology connecting three stations

A ring topology connecting six stations

Categories of Networks

• Local Area Network (LAN)
• Wide Area Network (WAN)
• Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN)
• Personal Area Network (PAN)

THE INTERNET

Internet is Network of Networks