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Dentistry Final Exam !, Exams of Dentistry

Princeton University Dentistry

Dentistry Final Exam !Questions & Answers 2024

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 09/09/2024

denty 🇺🇸

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Dentistry Final Exam !

TSBDE Mission -

✔*Protect the Public

*To safeguard the dental health of Texas by developing and maintaining programs to:

1. Ensure that only qualified persons are licensed to provide dental care; and

2. Ensure that violations of laws and rules regulating dentistry are sanctioned as appropriate.

TSBDE Members

Who is the Board?? -

✔* 15 Members - Serve 6 Years

>8 Dentists

>2 Hygienists

>5 Members of the Public

*Staff

>Executive Director

>Legal Advisors

>Clerks and Committees

>Investigators

Advisory Committees To State Board -

✔*Dental Hygiene Advisory Committee

*Dental Laboratory Certification Council

TSBDE Rules

Where do these come from?? -

✔* Laws from Texas Legislature

* Dental laws are created by the same legislative process as any other law.

* Laws are published in the Occupation Codes.

* Laws are called the "Practice Acts".

Texas Laws Become TSBDE Rules -

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Dentistry Final Exam!

TSBDE Mission - ✔*Protect the Public *To safeguard the dental health of Texas by developing and maintaining programs to:

Ensure that only qualified persons are licensed to provide dental care; and
Ensure that violations of laws and rules regulating dentistry are sanctioned as appropriate. TSBDE Members Who is the Board?? - ✔* 15 Members - Serve 6 Years

8 Dentists 2 Hygienists 5 Members of the Public Staff Executive Director Legal Advisors Clerks and Committees Investigators Advisory Committees To State Board - ✔Dental Hygiene Advisory Committee Dental Laboratory Certification Council TSBDE Rules Where do these come from?? - ✔ Laws from Texas Legislature

Dental laws are created by the same legislative process as any other law.
Laws are published in the Occupation Codes.
Laws are called the "Practice Acts". Texas Laws Become TSBDE Rules -

✔* TSBDE has the authority to take the new law and write it into Rules

Sec. refers to sections of the Dental Practice Act while Rules refers to the State Board Rules.
TSBDE Rules must be followed or the professional can be reprimanded, fined or loose their license or certification to practice Occupation Codes vs State Board Rules - ✔* Occupation Codes are the laws passed by the legislature.
State Board Rules are written from the Occupation Codes. TSBDE Rulemaking Authority - ✔1. The board may adopt and enforce rules necessary to:
Perform duties
Ensure compliance with rules to protect the public health & safety.
Examine applicants for licensure
Organize board meetings.

May adopt rule to prohibit a dentist from entering a contract with person who is not a dentist that allows interference with dentist's professional judgement
May adopt and enforce rules to protect the public health from the spread of infection in dentistry. Authority to Revoke, Suspend, or Deny License - ✔1. The State Board my Deny the opportunity to take a licensing examination on the grounds that the person has been convicted of a felony or misdemeanor that directly relates to the duties of the licensed occupation.
The State Board will Revoke a license at:
- Imprisonment of felony conviction
- Revocation of felony community supervision
- Revocation of parole
- Revocation of mandatory supervision. Default on Student Loan - ✔* Deny application for license or license renewal.

Suspend the person's license.
Take other disciplinary action. X-Ray Registration

Send proof of CPR training.
Have proof of 6 hours of continuing education in the past 12 months.
CE must be related to the duties of the dental assistant
No more than 3 hours can be self study
Renewal forms must be submitted to the TSBDE in Austin
Renewal forms will be reviewed within 3 working days.
If forms are complete, renewal certificates will be mailed out to the DA.
If not complete, will be returned with an explanation and request for additional documents.
Certificates expired for 1 year will not be renewed. Display of Registration Certificate - ✔* Dental Assistant shall display the certificate of registration in the dental office where employed.
Dental Assistant who works in more than one location will need to request additional copies from the TSBDE.
Photocopy of registration is NOT permitted. Registration May Be Revoked For Violation Of: - ✔* Rules of TSBDE
Texas Dental Practice Act (Occupational Codes)
Bureau of Radiation Control Rules.
Any other rules affecting x-ray procedures in Texas. Who is Practicing Dentistry? - ✔1. Use of term Dentist, Doctor, or DDS

Diagnose or remove stains from teeth.
Provides surgical treatment for pain or injury
Performs cleaning or stain removal from teeth
Making impressions of teeth or mouth
Owns an office which employees another person to practice dentistry.
Fits or repairs a dental appliance
Aids in fitting or repairing an appliance
Making a full or partial denture without a prescription.

Giving anesthesia or an anesthetic drug
Denturist Who is NOT practicing Dentistry - ✔1. An employee of a licensed dentist who makes dental x-rays in the dental office under the supervision of the dentist.
A dental assistant who performs duties within limits of the Dental Practice Act Visual Dental Inspections "Screenings" - ✔* Inspection made by health care workers, other than dentists, dental hygienists, physicians and physician assistants.

Can be performed by DA
Group activity taking place in a public setting. NO FEE IS CHARGED
Can only used gloves, tongue depressors and light.
Purpose is to recognize potential problems and refer to a dentist Criminal Penalty - Practicing Without a Dental License - ✔* Practicing without a license is a felony offense.
Each day is a separate offense. Practice of Dental Hygiene - ✔* Removes accumulated matter, tartar, deposits, accretions and stains from natural or restored teeth.
Smooths root surfaces.
Polishes exposed tooth surfaces.
Makes dental x-rays.
Applies medications topically to teeth. Dental Hygienist CANNOT - ✔* Diagnose Dental Disease
Prescribe Treatment
Prescribe, Order, or Dispense Medications
Cannot use a laser for any purpose including whitening procedures.
Perform any procedures that is irreversible or involved intentional cutting of hard or soft tissue A Licensed Dentist My Delegate to Hygienist: -

Smoothing of teeth by polishing or root planning.
Comprehensive examination.
Cutting of hard or soft tissue.
Prescribing a drug, medication, or authorizing laboratory work. If duties are delegated to the Dental Assistant - ✔* Dentist is responsible for duties performed.
Dentist must be physically present in the office during the time duties are performed by Dental Assistant.
Duty is performed in usual manner. Delegation of Sealants - ✔* DA may place sealants if: (1) DA is certified to place sealants. (2) Dentist is a Medicaid provider OR Dentist practices in an area determined to be underserved by the Texas Department of Health Sealant Certification - TSBDE - ✔* DA must have 2 years of experience
Attend a 16 hour certification course with specific instruction in:

Infection Control
CPR and medical emergencies
Microbiology, chemistry & dental anatomy
Ethics and jurisprudence (related to sealant application)
Correct application of sealants DA may place Sealants under the following conditions - ✔1. DA is employed by and works under the direct supervision of the dentist.
Certified to place sealants.
Certification allows the DA to:

Polish occlusal surfaces in preparation for sealant placement
Billing for pophy NOT permitted for polishing

Sealant Certification Process - ✔1. Complete an application and pay fee to TSBDE.

Provide proof to CPR training.
Provide proof of 16 hours of didactic and clinical education to place sealants at an accredited dental hygiene school approved by the TSBDE. Sealant Certification Renewal - ✔1. Pay the renewal fee to TSBDE
Provide proof of CPR training.
Provide proof of 6 hours of CE in technical and scientific areas. No more than 3 hours can be in self- study
BEFORE JANUARY 1ST EACH YEAR Dental Privilege - ✔* Privilege is confidentiality of information created by the dentist, the record and the patient.

Patient is the holder of the Privilege
Privilege applies regardless of when the patient received the professional service from the dentist. Information that is Privileged - ✔* Information between the dentist and patient as it relates to dental treatment.
Any information in the dental record.
Privileged information my NOT be disclosed unless patient consents in writing Exception: (1) Parent or legal guardian of patient (2) Dentist acting on patient's behalf (3) Attorney appointed by patient (4) Executor of deceased person's estate Dental Privilege - Signed Consent Must Inculde - ✔1. Specific information being released.

Person to whom the information is being released.
The purpose of the release of information Authorization Under HIPPA must contain all the above plus:

✔* Must be kept not less than 5 years

Are the sole property of the dentist.
This ownership shall not prohibit the transfer of a copy of the records to the patient nor transfer of the original records to another Texas dentist who will provide treatment to the patient. Patient Request for Records - ✔* Dental record must be provided to patient within 30 days.
Can charge reasonable fee or copying:
$25 for first 20 pages
$0.15 for each additional page
$15 for FMX, Pano, Ceph
$5 for single film Consumer Information - Rule 108.3 - ✔* Patients shall be notified that complaints concerning dental treatment can be directed to State Board.
Must proved the patent with the name, mailing address, and phone numbers of the State Board.
Three ways to proved consumer info:

Sign prominently displayed
Info on each registration form, application, brochure or contract.
On a bill of service X-Ray Laboratories - ✔* Must be located in the dental office of a Texas licensed dentist

Must have appropriate degree of supervision.

Patients protected with lead apron and thyroid collar.

X-ray equipment must be properly monitored by the authorized agency. An Investigator from the State Board with Sanitation Complaint Must Be: - ✔* Granted immediate access to the entire office.
Failure to grant access may result in temporary license suspension. Continuing Education Requirements - ✔* RDA - 6 Hours of CE each year.

3 hours can be self study.

Dentist, Hygienist, Certified Dental Tech - 12 hours each year.
State Board will do random audits to ensure CE is being done.
Keep registration certificate and completion codes. CE Accepted by State Board - ✔* American Dental Association - local societies of the ADA
Academy of General Dentistry - local societies of the AGA ADA CERP How to Follow OSHA's Bloodborne Pathogens Standard - ✔ Read the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard, identify the major elements and implement in your office.
Main Thing - have a written plan in your office entitled "The Exposure Control Plan" that explains the major elements of the Standard and how you implement them in your office. Provide YEARLY training on Bloodborne Pathogens. Key Requirements of Bloodborne Pathogens Standard - ✔* Implementing Universal Precautions
Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Sharps & Recapping Needles
Hepatitis B Vaccine
Engineering Controls
Use of Safety Needles & Safety Scalpels
Medical records on each exposed employee
What to do after a needlestick. OSHA refers to this as the Post Exposure Evaluation Universal Precautions - ✔* Universal Precautions means using the same infection control procedures for ALL patients for a given procedure.
Standard Precautions is coming into use and it means taking precautions against all body fluids to include secretions and excretions. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) - ✔* Gloves should be worn any time the hands come into contact with blood, saliva or mucous membranes.

Safe Mate Safety Needle Examples of Safety Scalpels - ✔Sandel Safety Scalpel Futura Safety Scalpel Medical Records - ✔* Bloodborn Pathogens Standard requires a medical record on each employee exposed to blood and saliva.

Initially, the medical record needs only 3 items of information:

Employees Names
Employees Social Security Number
Dates of Hepatitis B Vaccine Needlestick or Splash Procedures - Needlestick or Splash of Blood or Saliva - ✔* Main Thing - Who do you Report this to

First Aid Procedures
Employee should be offered a medical evaluation (but are not required to go)
Explain Accident to Patient and get their permission to go for blood testing First Aid Procedures After an Accident - ✔* Needlestick or Puncture wound wash the wound & go for medical eval
Splash (onto mucous membranes of eye, nose, mouth) Go to the eyewash station and flush the eyes for ........................... Blood Tests for Patient & Employee - ✔* Bloodborne Pathogens Standard requires 3 blood tests to be run on the employee and the patient (if patient willing to go).

HIV
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C How to Follow OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard -

✔* Read the Hazard Communication Standard, identify the major elements and implement in your office.

Main Thing - have a written plan in your office entitled "The Hazard Communication Plan" that explains the major elements of the Standard and how you implement them in your office. Provide INITIAL training on Hazard Communication. Hazard Communication Standard Requirements for Lables - ✔There are two types of labels under this Standard:

Primary Labels - which are placed on a product by the manufacturer and must have 3 items of information: (1) Product Name (2) Manufacturer Name and Address (3) Hazardous Warning
Secondary Labels - are required when a product is removed from its original container and placed into another container. The secondary label must have the: (1) Product Name (2) Hazardous Warning Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) - ✔* Hazard Communication Standard requires a MSDS on each dental material and chemical (disinfectants & x-ray solutions) in the office.

Collect these from the manufacturer and place them in a notebook or file.
There is no standard format for MSDS so each one may be different. Purpose of Infection Control Program - ✔Break the Chain of Infection From:
1. Patient to Patient
2. Patient to Dental Staff
3. Dental Staff to Patient Infectious Diseases in the Dental Office - ✔* Dental Assistant may come into contact with a number of infectious diseases in the dental office.
These diseases fall into 4 categories depending on their mode of transmission. Modes of Disease Transmission in Dental Offices - ✔1. Direct contact with infectious lesion

Mumps
Rubella or German Measles
Varicella-Zoster or Chicken pox No Vaccinations for Following Diseases - ✔* HIV or AIDS
Hepatitis C
TB or Turberculosis Work Restrictions for Health Care Personnel - Recommended by CDC - ✔* Conjunctivitis
Diarrhea
Hepatitis A
Herpes (on hands)
Measles
Mumps
Pertussis
Rubella
Staphylococcus aureus
TB Preventing Cross-Contamination & Disease Transmission to the Dental Office - ✔* Perform Proper Hand Washing
Use disposable items whenever possible
Unit Dose Concept
Utilize Barrier Techniques and PPE Proper Hand Washing CDC Recommendations - ✔* Alcohol based hand rubs (hand sanitizers) if the hands are NOT visibly soiled.
If the hands are visibly soiled, use regular soap OR antimicrobial soap and water.
Recommended wash time is 15 seconds.
Surgery Procedures - wash hands with antimicrobial soap and water for 2 to 6 min. Hand Washing -

✔Soap Containers: CDC Recommendations (1) Use disposable containers OR (2) Wash and dry containers before refilling. (3) Do not "top off" containers. Fingernails - Fingernails are the dirtiest parts of the hand - ✔* Keep fingernails short with smooth edges for (1) through cleaning and (2) prevent glove tears.

Use of artificial fingernails is usually not recommended.
Do not wear hand or nail jewelry IF it makes donning gloves difficult or compromises fit or integrity of glove. When to Wash Hands CDC Recommendations - ✔1. When hands are visibly soiled with blood or infectious matter.

After touching items contaminated by blood, saliva or respiratory secretions.
Before and after treating patients.
Before and after glove use. Hand washing is the MOST important step in preventing cross contamination. Use of Disposable Items - ✔* Use disposable items whenever possible to prevent cross-contamination.

Disposable items include:

Saliva Ejector High Volume Suction Tips Prophy Angles & Prophy Cups Air-Water Syringe Tips Impression Trays Disposable Items - Cannot be reliably cleaned - ✔* State Board Rules state that disposable items shall not be used in the treatment of more than one patient.
CDC recommends that disposable items not be used in the treatment of more than one patient. Unit Dose Concept - ✔* Dispensing the amount of material needed for a given procedure.

95 - means that it will filter 95% of the particles down to .3 microns. Protective Eyewear 4 Types - ✔1. Safety Glasses

Goggles
Face shields
Prescription glasses with side shields Utility Gloves should be used in 3 Situations - CDC Recommendations - ✔1. Decontaminating the operatory
Cleaning instruments
Handling chemicals such as disinfectants Performing Disinfection Procedures - ✔1. Select appropriate PPE
Select, prepare and use chemical agents following manufacturers instructions.
Prepare surfaces for disinfection.
After treating the patient, disinfect:
- Treatment room
- Darkroom
- Instrument Processing Area
- All associated equipment Disinfection vs Sterilization - Definitions From State Board Rules - ✔* Disinfection - the partial elimination of active growth stage bacteria and the inactivation of some viruses. The potential for infections remains after disinfection, including infection with M. tuberculosis, hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virius (HBV). The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may also remain active following disinfection.

Sterilization - a process by which all forms of life within a defined environment are completely destroyed. Selecting PPE for Disinfection Procedures CDC Recommendations - ✔> Wear the complete ensemble to include gloves, mask, eyewear, and gown.

Use puncture resistant utility gloves. CDC recommends utility gloves when: 1. Cleaning instruments

Cleaning and disinfecting surfaces
When handling chemicals Select And Prepare Chemical Disinfectants - ✔* Following the manufacturer's instructions for correct use of disinfecting products.

If using bleach, must be mixed daily.
Do not used Chemical Sterilants (such as glutaraldehydes) on surfaces. Clinical Contact Surfaces - Light Switch, Light Handle, Bracket Table, Mobile Cabinet - CDC Recommendations - ✔* Use an EPA registered hospital disinfectant
Low level activity (HBV and HIV claims)
Intermediate level activity (TB claim)
Use Intermediate level disinfectant if visibly contaminated with blood. Chemicals That Can Be Used For Disinfectants For Surfaces - ✔* Chlorine, phenols and iodophors
Alcohol should not be used
Glutaradehydelds should not be used.
EPA or Environmental Protection Agency is the agency that registers disinfectants in the USA. Your disinfectant should have an EPA Number on the label. Housekeeping Surfaces - Floors, Walls & Sinks - CDC Recommendations - ✔* Soap and Water OR
EPA Registered Hospital Disinfectant
Clean walls, blinds and window curtains in patient care areas when visibly dusty or soiled. Prepare Surface For Disinfection - ✔* Surfaces must be clean before disinfecting. Any debris may protect microoganisms from the disinfectant.
Surfaces may be cleaned and disinfected with a "Spray-Wipe-Spray" procedure. The disinfectant is sprayed on the surface and then wiped off as a cleaning procedure. Then the disinfectant is again sprayed and left for the contact time listed on the label.

Dentistry Final Exam !, Exams of Dentistry

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