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Discipline and Ideas
in the Applied
Social Sciences
Republic of the Philippines Department of Education National Capital Region DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila
Professionals and Practitioners
in Counseling
Week 2
Module 2
Most Essential Learning Competency:
- Discuss Roles and Functions of Counselors
- Identify specific work areas in which Counselors Work
Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!
- Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page of this module.
- Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing enhances learning that is important to develop and keep in mind.
- Perform all the provided activities in the module.
- Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the answer key card.
- Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
- Enjoy studying!
- Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after completing the lessons in the module.
- Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be mastered throughout the lesson.
- Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what learnings and skills did you understand from the previous lesson.
- Brief Introduction - This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
- Discussion - This section provides a short discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills.
- Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.
- Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the lessons.
- Check your understanding - It will verify how you learned from the lesson.
- Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire module.
HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
PARTS OF THE MODULE
- Which of the following does follow “School and Community Collaboration”? A. Allowing yourself to be counselled means that you have a problem only in the school and have issues in academic success, that is only concern with the school B. Counselors’ ensures learner’s holistic development and success through barangay, teacher and parent coordination C. A counselor’s job is in only to see counseling as its objective and final approach to student improvement D. The school is an independent institution, it does not need help from other schools in improving learner-community engagement.
- Their functions are no longer limited to the academic success of students, but they also provide activities that prepare and promote students’ career success. What function of a counselor is this? A. Leaders and advocates of academic success B. Providers of individual and group services C. Developmental classroom specialists D. Career development specialists
- One of their roles is to help students identify barrier to academic success like peer pressure, family situations, or personal relationship issues. What function of a counselor is this? A. School and community collaboration specialists B. Leaders and advocates of academic success C. Developmental classroom specialists D. Career development specialists
“Let’s Go Back”
To prove your understanding of the past lesson, you should be ready to accomplish this task.
Directions: Below are some questions. Answer on the space provided.
- Why is it important for counselors to know and understand their personal values?
- What is the essence of understanding that each person is inherently good?
Great, you finished answering the questions. You may request your facilitator to check your work. Congratulations and keep on learning!
LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON
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___________________________________________________________________________
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- Why is it that effective counselors do not give advice?
As we determine complex problems in the school, especially in this pandemic times, the roles and functions of counselors in educational institutions are tested and challenges. Their predefined roles and functions in the educational system makes their profession ever more needed and recognized as they help and assist our learners during these pandemic times.
Roles and Functions of Counselors
Counseling is an intimate form of learning, it demands a practitioner who is willing to be an authentic person in the counseling/therapeutic relationship (Corey, 2015). It involves the person to be immersed in someone else life, and be able to give an authentic support and understanding, especially in the school and clinical setting. Much in our country’s setting, where we have a young population. Counselors faced a daunting task to understand this current population.
And even in the pandemic setting, counselors are defined by the roles and functions that they do, both in the clinical and school setting; and mostly appreciated on the outcome that they produced for the benefit of their clients. Counselors have the duty to their clients, especially if they come seeking comfort and care, counselors’ roles become more of a responsibility to their clients.
When counselors counsel, wounds are opened, feelings will be explored and perception and growth will be secured as the counselor and client journey to wellness and back to functionality in society (Corey, 2015).
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
DISCUSSIONS
their programs and mode of instruction through consistent feedback and evaluation.
3. Leaders and advocates of academic success. Professional school counselors have an ethical responsibility of promoting academic success by helping students identify barriers affecting school performance. These barriers may be personal (example: living with an absentee or separated parents); socio-emotional (ex. peer pressure); moral dilemmas (ex. failing an exam or cheating to pass an exam), or career-related barriers (ex. indecisiveness about a course in college). Professional counselors guide the students by identifying strategies so they can positively cope with these challenges and see these challenges as opportunities for growth. 4. Career development specialists. Professional counselors also provide activities that will prepare students for the demands and requirements of their chosen profession. These activities include formal writing of resumes, having proper responses to job interviews and knowing appropriate clothing for job applications. Furthermore, to ensure proper coping and success in the workplace, professional counselors help students develop essential, basic skills such as effective communication, creativity, decision-making, critical thinking, and work ethics. 5. Agents of diversity and multiculturalism. Professional school counselors are trained to deal with and address the needs of people from different cultural backgrounds. For example, because of the ASEAN Integration foreign students study in our country; counselors may provide assistance to these foreign students through activities that allow interaction with Filipino students, aimed at helping them cope with their new environment. At the same time, the counselor will also carry out a program for the Filipino students, aimed at helping them demonstrate hospitality, respect, and understanding for their foreign classmates. 6. Advocates of students with special needs and students-at-risk. Professional counselors give attention to students with special needs-such as the athletes, honor students, students with absentee parents, those with learning disabilities and other clinically diagnosed students. They are special groups who need additional assistance to help them cope better-by providing comprehensive assessment programs to better understand and address their special needs. For example, students with absentee parents might have stronger needs-in comparison with students whose parents are always around-for social and emotional support. With this, the counselor may help them become engaged in extracurricular activities or he or she could even organize a symposium that will help them become more adjusted with their situation. With professional counselors also concerned with the promotion of mental health, they could also organize activities that will help students understand depression, anxiety, phobia or addiction
7. Advocates of a safe school environment. Conflicts, which may lead to violence, happen in some school communities. For instance, there are issues on bullying-physical, verbal, cyber, psychological, etc. nowadays. Hence, a comprehensive school counseling program with intervention components such as school bullying campaign and peer and mentoring can address this issue. 8. School and community collaboration specialists. To ensure student’s holistic development and success, professional school counselors work in collaboration with the other school authorities and with the parents of the students. For example, they cooperate with teachers to better assist students with learning difficulties or behavioral problems. At times, school counselors are tasked to prepare seminar to facilitate teachers’ better understanding of the personality dynamics of students. Though conferences, counselors collaborate with the parents to best facilitate and promote excellent academic performance of the students.
Finally, counselors also collaborate with the mental health practitioners when a student needs referral. For example, those with depression may experience hormonal imbalance resulting in depressive moods. To provide proper response to the circumstance, the professional help of a psychiatrist or a clinical psychologist is needed.
Activity 1.1. Situational Analysis
Objective: Determine the Roles and Functions of a counselor in given situations
Directions:
1. Identify what role and function is or not portrayed in given situations. 2. Provide the role and functions for each given situation. Provide explanation. 3. Answer the follow-up critical thinking questions.
Situation 1
Counselor Manabat only sees that students who have financial capacity, deserve to
go to better schools. So he organizes career orientation for students who are in
middle class. He organizes a different career orientation for the others who cannot
afford.
Roles and Function: _____________________
ACTIVITIES
- educators alike, especially in achieving academic and career orientation?
- Can you trust a counselor especially when discussing some of your problems in your family? Why? Why not? Give your explanation.
- Why do you think counseling should be a professional one, given that even teachers can also counsel and give advice? Do you think teachers are also good counselors? Defend your answer.
Activity 1.2. Role-Play
Objective: Execute some of the roles and functions counselors experience in their
previous or current institution. You can be the counselor and perform some of the
functions of the counselor.
**Career Development Specialists = As a counselor I __________________
____________________________________**
**Advocates of Students with special needs = As a counselor I __________________ and students at risk ____________________________________
____________________________________**
Providers of Individual and Group = As a counselor I __________________ Counseling ____________________________________ ____________________________________
Agents of diversity and multiculturalism = As a counselor I __________________
ACTIVITIES
Activity 1.3. A Picture of a Counselor
Objective: Creating an overview of what a counselor does as an agent and partner
in change and development of students through creative collage and data gathering
of experience of counselors.
Directions:
1. Research on what counselors actually do inside the school. Gather as many you can. You can ask your school counselors, or you may look it up on the internet. 2. Express the collected data through the cut-out or drawn photographs and place them within the case. You may want to follow this format
Critical Thinking Questions:
- What did you discover after gathering your data? __________________________
- Which do you think is the most challenging for a counselor? Which do you think is the least?
- As a Filipino, what practices or values can you learn from your guidance counselor? How will you promote these values and practices?
The Challenges of a Counselor We cannot deny the role of guidance counselor as a valuable asset in helping the students grow and improve. In this task, you are requested to write some of the
GuidanceCounselo r
Picture
Picture
Picture
Picture
ACTIVITIES
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
Directions: Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
- Which of the following is a function of guidance counselor in the school? A. Alan was rejected by the counselor because he was a Negro coming from the rural area of Maguindanao. The guidance counselor only accepts Catholics with white and fair complexion. B. Mrs. Bautista is delivering a speech on multicultural acceptance in their Career Fair. She emphasizes the value that everyone should be accepted based on their qualified skills and capabilities as companies’ judge them to that extent. C. Counselor Jona demanded an apology letter from the bullying student Mark. She also filed expulsion of the student and even broadcasted in her twitter the misdeed of the student. It is the school policy that bullying has no place in a civilized society. D. Being cultural means that must adhere to our own culture. We must reject some cultures that is not good in the society or impedes the development of the society.
- School counselors take an active role in counseling may it be one or more individuals in the process. A. Advocates of group and individual counseling. B. Advocates of students with special needs C. Advocates of safe environment. D. Advocates of cultural action.
- Which of the following does not belong to the group, with regards to the functions of a counselor? A. Rejecting a student with special needs and advising to enroll into a school that focuses with special needs. B. Provides a comprehensive school counseling program for students who bully and have bullied. C. Filing a police report for a student that have done sexual harassment D. Helping a student to apply for a job.
- Counselors collaborate with mental health practitioners when a student needs referral. The statement concludes that… A. … school officials also need help especially if they accept students with learning disabilities. B. … counselors are helpless when it comes to behavioral problems of the child and needs more specialized people in handling it. C. … the collaboration of both private and public sector defines no boundaries, especially if we are addressing the needs of the student. D. … sometimes we do not tolerate incompetence and therefore we allow specialized people in handling specialized problems.
- Which of the following is an example of diversity and multiculturalism in the list of the counselor? A. Organization of Middle-Income Learners only Tutorial Service
POST TEST
B. Singaporean School for the Gifted and Elite C. Only Black People Movement D. ASEAN Integration
You will discuss specific work areas in which Counselors Work Specifically, this module will help you to
- Determine and explain some important work areas of counselors in different setting, such as the industrial, educational and clinical setting.
- Value the importance of their work areas as they are essential agents of development, especially in the aspect of human improvement in the society
Lesson
2
Specific work areas in which
Counselors Work
EXPECTATIONS
Let us start your journey in learning more on Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism. I am sure you are ready and excited to answer the Pretest. Smile and cheer up!
“Where do I belong?” To prove your understanding of the past lesson, you should be ready to accomplish this task.
Directions: Below are some situational problems or topics that a counselor
face every day. Your task is to find what role or function should they perform in
given situations. As an added task on the activity, write whether the function or
role is done on what setting; you may choose clinical, industrial or
school/educational setting. Provide your answer on the space provided.
Situational Problem Role/Function Setting
- Typhoon Haiyan hit most of the Visayan
Regions. The PAP and DOH send some of
their doctors and guidance counselors on
the barangays and communities suffering
of trauma and stress.
- Jona is having problem with her studies,
she is very stressed when answering her
math subject.
- Teacher Melanie is having trouble
answering some of her students’ questions
about jobs and professions to choose.
- Every year, different schools provide
entrance examinations, etc. for incoming
students in the college level.
- Group of girls are always having trouble
because of their misdeed of spreading lies
and verbal bullying.
- Counselor Moran is scheduled to talk
about the resolving and bringing love back
to Brgy. 78 Sapang Palay, Caloocan City.
LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON
Great, you finished answering the questions. You may request your facilitator to check your work. Congratulations and keep on learning!
- A group of Chinese foreigners are having
problem adjusting to the system of the
school, not only because the school is
catholic, the school also practices “po” and
“opo” in their school.
- Margareth, had recently an accident,
rendering her half body paralyze. As a
counselor in the facility, you see in her eyes
sadness and demotivated to move on with
life.
- Mary a mother of a 10 years old son with
ADHD, is seeking help on what’s best for
her son when it comes to education
- Counselor Minerva is delivering a
seminar about sexual harassment in their
school.
The scale of counselors in discharging their duties and responsibilities is
sometimes limited on the work areas that they focus. Mostly sometimes these
overlapped with other mental health practitioners and educators, especially when
dealing with the student’s welfare. Nonetheless, their scope work covers a broad
area, and sometimes caters a lot of individual and groups so as to reach more and
people may avail to their services.
Areas of Specialization of Counselors
The scope of work a professional counselor covers a broad area. Some of the
role’s functions require specialization because counselors cater to the various
needs of an individual. Appropriate
counseling services are provided given an
identified need. Among the following are
some work areas which counselors delves
and specializes:
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
DISCUSSIONS
goals. After conferring with the client’s physicians, psychologists, occupational therapists, and the employer, a rehabilitation program is initiated. The rehabilitation program may range from a week to several years depending on the nature of the problem and the needs of the client. Rehabilitation counselors are trained to recognize and to help lessen environmental and attitudinal barriers. Such help may include providing education, and advocacy services to individuals, families, employers, and others in the community. Rehabilitation counselors work toward increasing the person’s capacity to live independently by facilitating and coordinating with other service providers.
- Vocational Counselors or career counselors help individuals and groups with career, personal goals, social and educational counseling. Many times, counselors in this field work with individuals who feel unsatisfied with their career choices, but who are afraid to make changes because of emotional issues or family or financial constraints. This type of counselor can work with people of all ages, from adolescents who want to explore career options to professionals who want to make career changes. Career counselors typically have a background in vocational, industrial, or organizational psychology.
- Industrial Counseling. Counselors may also specialize in the industrial
setting, where they could provide workplace counseling to respond to the concern of the employees. Aside from counseling, they are also tapped in other areas like training or professional development service or in other activities to help the employees develop soft skills.
- Marriage and Family Counseling. A marriage counselor is an unbiased third party who can help couples resolve marital problems. Distressed couples seek the help of a marriage counselor when they don’t want to divorce but aren’t sure how to compromise on various issues. Some pastors, churches and religious groups also require that couples consult a marriage counselor for a specified period of time before they can be married in that particular religious tradition. These professionals typically work full time. Some have their own private practices and some work for health centers, religious organizations or
in similar settings. To become a marriage counselor, you’ll need to earn a master’s degree in psychology, marriage therapy, family therapy or a similarly relevant discipline. You’ll also need to obtain a license. Licensure typically requires clinical practice plus a passing grade on any exams required in your state of intended practice.
- Private Practice. Counselors may have their own wellness center or private clinic. The clinic can accommodate children and/or adults, depending on the counselor’s specialization. For Example, a child diagnosed with social anxiety disorder may seek help or psychotherapy during weekends, as a follow-up or support program to the counseling sessions he or she receives from the school on weekdays.
- Community Counseling. It is provided to members of the society who encounter difficulties in the community setting. Counselors who work in the community setting are usually adept in the community’s background, culture, or practices. They help the members of the community improve their relationship with each other. Moreover, they are in charge of helping people adjust and understand their community better to minimize issues.
Career Opportunities for Professional Counselors Every area of specialization of counselors equates to a particular service targeting a particular section of the society. It was design that way as to focus more on the society’s problem. And as every decade or even years pass, the society changes it becomes complex and their problem also becomes complex. And this provides opportunities for the next generation, our student who wish invest their future in helping the society, choices to choose from. There are so many schools that are providing career opportunities especially if you are already a counselor and wish to practice your field of endeavor, these are the available areas in which you can practice or focus on.
1. Elementary and High School
Counselors. Counselors can choose to
be inside of the educational system
spending their in improving student’s
academic and holistic performance, up
until their graduation of the
developmental years, given that in the
public school system, there is a shortage
of counselors (Tan, 2009). Counselors working in the elementary and high school
levels usually deal with preschool pupils to grades 1 to 12 students. They provide
individual and group counseling as well as homeroom guidance sessions to
support the academic, social-emotional and personal development of the learners.
