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Digital Services support IN MEDICAL SERVICES IN USA. AGENDA
1. Introduction.
2. Electronic Health Record (EHR).
2.1. Definition.
2.2. Evolution of ERH.
2.3. ERH System Architecture.
3. Analysis of EHR usage in USA
3.1. Current Situation.
3.2. Advantages and Disadvantages of using EHR.
4. Conclusion.
- In 2750BC, the ancient Egyptians were the first ones in realize a surgery.
- Later, Romans designed medical tools like surgical needles and forceps. 1. Introduction
- However, Health Care industry has been surprisingly reluctant to adopt information technology (IT).
- During modern ages medicine has evolved due new discoveries such antibiotics, vaccines, organs transplant.
- The first technological revolution in modern biology
was the description of the structure of DNA by James
Watson and Francis Crick.
1. Introduction - Nowadays the Health Care industry believes that a third revolution is the convergence of biology and engineering and the adoption of : - The second revolution was the sequencing of the human genome. Information technology Advanced materials Imaging Sophisticated modeling and simulation Electronic Health Record (EHR)
2.2. Architecture of EHR.
2. Electronic Health Record (EHR) System Architecture used during the implementation on the first EHR Projects. **2.2. Architecture of EHR.
- Electronic Health Record (EHR)** The main issues with this system architecture are:
- Vendors of EHR Systems use different standards for vocabularies.
- A clinical user would have to open a series of applications.
- Electronic data has to be faxed or printed and inserted into a paper record.
- If new results are available electronically, data can be updated but the clinicians might not be notified.
- Data Analysis becomes more complicated since data is not integrate in one single environment.
2.2. Architecture of EHR.
2. Electronic Health Record (EHR) Integrated Architecture in a EHR System
3.1. Current Situation
3. Analysis of EHR use in USA
- America spends some 16% of its GDP on health care.
- The RAND Corporation projected that:
- If health-and-safety benefits are taken into account, the gains could double, saving about 6% of the $2.6 trillion that will be spent on health care in America this year.
- If 90% of hospitals and doctors in America start using EHR over 15 years, the health system could save around $77 billion per year from efficacy gains.
- Approximately 20-25% of all hospitals use EHRs, and 10-18% of doctors’ offices use EHR in America offer EHRs in America offer EHRs.
3.2. Disadvantages
3. Analysis of EHR use in USA
- There are concerns about the privacy of a patient’s information.
- Cost is an issue for some doctors and hospitals.
- Technology is not perfect.
- People make mistakes
- EHRs are not standardized, nor are they centralized.
- All systems are not compatible with one another and there is not an arrangement of a centralized EHR.
- Security of the data is a factor. Medical records should never be altered. However, the possibility of changing files can occur, whether it is intentional or unintentional. 4. Conclusion. Penetration of electronic health record systems is highest in Norway, Sweden and Denmark, as at least of 90% of health offices in the regions are already automated. However, penetration in the US remains poor. The growing popularity of electronic health record systems reflects the continued evolution of medical technology. Systems that are currently available should not make those using it feel limited to the applications and structure. The systems should make sure that information can be accessed easily and patient privacy is preserved. The design of electronic health record systems should be based primarily on patient needs and public standards.
4. Conclusion. Diffusion of electronic health record systems is highest in Norway, Sweden and Denmark, as at least of 90% of health offices in the regions are already automated. However, diffusion in the US remains poor. The growing popularity of electronic health record systems reflects the continued evolution of medical technology. Systems that are currently available should not make those using it feel limited to the applications and structure. The systems should make sure that information can be accessed easily and patient privacy is preserved. The design of electronic health record systems should be based primarily on patient needs and public standards.
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