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DTS ST5102 Final Exam Study Guide With Complete Solution 2026/2027, Exams of Advanced Education

Dallas Theological Seminary (DTS)Advanced Education

DTS ST5102 Final Exam Study Guide With Complete Solution 2026/2027

Typology: Exams

2025/2026

Available from 01/15/2026

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DTS ST5102 Final Exam Study Guide With
Complete Solution 2026/2027
Adoptionism - Correct Answer--denies personal distinctiveness of son & HS from Father
-son completely submissive to father
-father just adopted the son
-only at resurrection is Jesus considered Lord
Arianism - Correct Answer--Jesus was first created being
-Jesus is a god
-Jesus = homoiousios
-JW, Mor
Chalcedonian Creed (Definitio Fidei)/Council (451) - Correct Answer--clarified Jesus
has same divine nature as God, same human nature (w/o sin) as rest of us
-hypostatic union
Communicable Attributes - Correct Answer-Aspects of God's character that he shares
or "communicates" with us.
Incommunicable Attributes - Correct Answer-Aspects of God's character that God does
not share with us.
Divinization, Theosis - Correct Answer--affirms believers are to "participate in the divine
nature" (2Pe 1:4), infused by the divine presence, hence becoming godly, godlike, gods
and God by grace.
-"Christian deification" to the penetration of the divine energies,
-distinguishing between the absolute Trinitarian persons and the divine nature that
infuses the believer.
Docetism - Correct Answer--Gnostic
- Jesus = divine emanation but not truly human.
-Matter is intrinsically evil.
-When Jesus walked on the sand he left no footprints
-New Age, some Spiritism
Ebionism - Correct Answer--2C Jewish sect
-Jesus = prophet, not God
- Islam, universalism
eternal generation of the Son - Correct Answer-- eternal generation of the Son from the
Father, as an expression of Ps 2:7 ("today I have begotten thee") Gk. monogenes (trad.
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DTS ST5102 Final Exam Study Guide With

Complete Solution 2026/

Adoptionism - Correct Answer--denies personal distinctiveness of son & HS from Father -son completely submissive to father -father just adopted the son -only at resurrection is Jesus considered Lord Arianism - Correct Answer--Jesus was first created being -Jesus is a god -Jesus = homoiousios -JW, Mor Chalcedonian Creed (Definitio Fidei)/Council (451) - Correct Answer--clarified Jesus has same divine nature as God, same human nature (w/o sin) as rest of us -hypostatic union Communicable Attributes - Correct Answer-Aspects of God's character that he shares or "communicates" with us. Incommunicable Attributes - Correct Answer-Aspects of God's character that God does not share with us. Divinization, Theosis - Correct Answer--affirms believers are to "participate in the divine nature" (2Pe 1:4), infused by the divine presence, hence becoming godly, godlike, gods and God by grace. -"Christian deification" to the penetration of the divine energies, -distinguishing between the absolute Trinitarian persons and the divine nature that infuses the believer. Docetism - Correct Answer--Gnostic

  • Jesus = divine emanation but not truly human. -Matter is intrinsically evil. -When Jesus walked on the sand he left no footprints -New Age, some Spiritism Ebionism - Correct Answer--2C Jewish sect -Jesus = prophet, not God
  • Islam, universalism eternal generation of the Son - Correct Answer-- eternal generation of the Son from the Father, as an expression of Ps 2:7 ("today I have begotten thee") Gk. monogenes (trad.

"only begotten"; lit. "one and only"). Some question the exegetical bases of eternal generation; others see it as broadly expressing the ontological relations of the Son and the Father. Eternal Procession of the Spirit - Correct Answer-(Gk. ekporeuomai, Jn 15:26; Lat. processio, "to emanate from another") In Trinitarian theology, as the Son is eternally generated from the Father, so the Holy Spirit eternally comes forth (proceeds) from the Father—"and [in Western theology] the Son" (Lat. filioque). Eutychianism - Correct Answer-- each nature of Christ absorbed the characteristics of the other: the human became divine and the divine human. Filioque - Correct Answer-The Latin word meaning "and from the Son" added by the West to the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed at the Council of Toledo (589) to express the double procession of the Holy Spirit from the Father and from the Son. homoousios vs. homoiousios - Correct Answer-Homoousios: of the same substance Homoiousios: of similar substance homoousios - Correct Answer-Greek word meaning "of one and the same substance or being" as contrasted to homoiousios ("of a similar substance or being") as applied to the Son's divine nature in relation to that of the Father. homoiousios - Correct Answer-Greek word meaning "of one and the same substance or being" as contrasted to homoiousios ("of a similar substance or being") as applied to the Son's divine nature in relation to that of the Father. Immanence - Correct Answer-God's omnipresence in and with his creation, as contrasted with divine transcendence. Transcendence - Correct Answer-The superiority of God over and apart from his created world; God is uniquely "other" from all created existence. Kenosis - Correct Answer-The self-emptying act of the Son of God in assuming human nature. The Son left his divine form of glory to assume the physical form and nature of a human being. Jesus was fully God yet did not grasp (demand) his rights as God. Modalism - Correct Answer-God comes to us in three "modes"; that is, God is only one person but manifests himself varyingly as Father, Son and Holy Spirit.

-against *Marcion and Gnosticism; at the same time, he is Montanism's most famous convert. Origen (c. 185-254) - Correct Answer-- threefold hermeneutic (literal, moral, allegorical/mystical)

  • eternal pre-existence of the Son
  • Son as one reflective of, but less than, the Father Athanasius (c.295-373) - Correct Answer-- wrote: On the Incarnation
  • against Arianism, articulates the equality of the Son with the Father. -participated at the Council of Nicaea (325)
  • Bishop of Alexandria (328).
  • hypostasis (as "person") and ousia ("substance"),
  • increased understanding between the Eastern and Western fathers.
  • attributed the first full listing of the NT canon Cappadocians - Correct Answer-- early church theologians
  • added spirit to Constantinopolitan Creed.
  • Gregory of Nysa, Gregory Nazianzus, Basil of Caesaria. Gregory of Nazianzus (c. 330-390) - Correct Answer-- bishop of Constantinople -reconcile strict monotheism w the three "persons"
  • coined "perichores" - Christ's two natures Gregory of Nyssa (c. 331-c. 395) - Correct Answer-- eternal generation of the Son and eternal procession of the Spirit -Christ: two natures in one person -Mary = theotokos. Augustine of Hippo (354-430) - Correct Answer--socio-psychological tripartite analogies -begins with unity, then persons -Holy Spirit as the love between the Father and the Son
  • emphasis: divine nature and subsistent personal relations Anselm of Canterbury (c. 1033-1109) - Correct Answer--intellectual reason instead of scriptural or patristic authorities -christology: 2 natures
  • ontological argument for God's existence
  • defended Trinity against tri-theistic views & Islam. Richard of St. Victor (d. 1173) - Correct Answer--western social Trintarian -Trinity centers on love -rationalist perspective -because God is charity (love), divine charity must be directed toward another equal person.

Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) - Correct Answer-- Supported both theology and philosophy, and reason and revelation, as from God

  • wrote Summa contra Gentiles and later Summa Theologiae.
  • begins with divine nature (attributes), then three persons Calvin, John (1509-1564) - Correct Answer--wrote: Institutes of the Christian Religion (Lat 1536; Fr 1539, 1559) -provides the fullest and most biblical explanation of the Trinity from the early Reformation period.
  • based his teachings on the Bible, contrary to the papal insistence on the authority
  • questioned the "eternal generation" of the Son Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758) - Correct Answer-First great American intellectual, theologian, Calvinist, Congregational. The beauty of God as Trinity God as relational, even social. Friedrich Schleiermacher (1768-1834) - Correct Answer--Essenes of Christian faith as the gefühl, feeling of filial dependency upon God
  • "The Divine Trinity" = church's experience God as Father, Brother, and Spirit -shortcoming: God's divinity Adolf von Harnack - Correct Answer--paternity of the Father
  • brotherhood of man w Jesus -Jesus = little more than a worthy preacher. Karl Barth (1886-1968) - Correct Answer--Wrote Church Dogmatics (4 vols., 1936). He reaffirmed strongly the
  • focus = deity of Christ
  • three "modes of being" not persons -weak HS doctrine
  • social Trinitarian perspective as instructive for human relations. Rudolf Bultmann (1884-1976) - Correct Answer--denied the deity of Christ and Trinity.
  • Whether a person's encounter with God in Christ was in fact an experience of God or whether it was ultimately only an existential crisis of self-authentification is unclear. Karl Rahner (1904-1984) - Correct Answer--Wrote the Trinity (1967). -A rule with his name declares that "The Trinity of the economy of salvation is the immanent Trinity and vice-versa." —> Can the immanent Trinity be reduced to the economic? -Greek social model + Roman Catholic Jurgen Moltmann (1926-) - Correct Answer--Wrote: The Crucified God (1975), The Trinity and the Kingdom (1980)
  1. Can achieve godhood & have spirit children who worship as we worship and pray to God the Father
  2. God the Father was once a and has a body of flesh and bone
  3. The Holy Ghost/Spirit = a spirit in the form of a man & only His influence is present everywhere What is the Jehovah Witnesses' view of Christ? Use the Bible to defend orthodoxy. - Correct Answer-JW's belief of Jesus:
  1. Jesus = first created being, not equal with God in essence. inferior to eternal Jehovah.
  2. Jesus is a god, but worship of Jesus is forbidden.
  3. Before this life, Christ was Michael the Archangel, older brother of Lucifer and other "sons of God".
  4. Jesus gave up the divine (angelic) nature to become a man.
  5. At baptism Jesus was anointed to become Messiah or Jesus the Christ
  6. At death Jesus ceased existing.
  7. Christ was not raised in the flesh rather he was recreated in a glorious spiritual state exceeding his pre-incarnate existence.
  8. Christ's return will be purely spiritual. Christians' defense:
  9. JW translated John 1:1 as "The word as a god". Response: A missing article in greek does not automatically mean an indefinite article. Theos occurs 8 times in John 1, but only two of them include the article (1:1-2) yet all denote God. There are many references to God without an article, for exempt John 1: "There came a man sent from a God who name was John.
  10. JW translated John 17:3 as "You are the only true God" Response: Two verses later, Jesus said He had the same glory with the Father before the world began (John 17:5). In the beginning (John 1:1) and end of John, John purposely declared Jesus is equal with God. "my Lord and my God" (John 29:28) What does Oneness Pentecostalism (Jesus Only) teach about the Trinity? How would you show them their error from Scripture? Two primary arguments. - Correct Answer- God is one person: Jesus, who then manifests as Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Two defenses of Trinity from scriptures
  11. The scripture presents two and sometimes all three persons of the Trinity working at once. The incarnation, baptism, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus are each compelling examples.
  1. Jesus prayed to God the Father, if Jesus and the Father are not distinct, there is no needs of prayers. Chart the basic differences regarding Who is God? and what is human? between the Christian God, the Allah of Islam, the Brahman of Advaita Hinduism, and atheism. - Correct Answer-Christian's beliefs: God is the Trinity. The human was created by God but sinned against God. God the Son incarnated to save humans. Muslim's beliefs: Reject Trinity, God is one only being. Allah reveals his eternal essence to no one. Allah stands independent and above any fellowship with his creation - not even in paradise. The Quran never asks humans to love God or to love one's neighbors as ourselves. God gives no promise and entered into no covenant with humanity. Hindus beliefs: All is God. A person is a divine being. The purpose of life is to become aware of one's divine nature. Self-Realization leads to spiritual power. As a human god, one becomes master and creator of his own reality. Humanity is to serve God as Creator but never to directly enter His presence. Buddhist's beliefs: There is no god. The human's quest is to eliminate the desire to avoid suffering by the eightfold path. The ultimate reality is nothingness. Atheist's beliefs: There is no God, human existence is by chance. According to the prof, what is a "person" both human and divine? Name 4 of 5 aspects.
  • Correct Answer-1) Nature, substance reality.
  1. Self-consciousness.
  2. I-thou relationally.
  3. Mutual indwelling.
  4. self-giving. Is God selfish? - Correct Answer--Godhead freely gives of himself to the other persons -delighting in glorifying the other. -God is love. -God's self-giving is revealed in creation and redemption. Do you see implications of the Trinity in marriage and family? If so, how? - Correct Answer-The scripture instruct the husband to love their wife and the wife should submit to their husband. It is a reflection of Christ relationship to His redeemed people, the church. The submission of God the Son to God to Father in the economic Trinity relationship does not mean God the Son is less of a God than God the Father. In the same way, the submission of the wife to her husband does not mean woman is less of a human than man. The correlation of gender with Trinity however is thin (1 Cor 11:3). Historic Christian traditions (male priesthood) do not relate them. Other texts regarding marital order are primary.