Download Speed Control of DC Motor and Stepper Motor using Microcontroller: A Practical Guide and more Study notes Electrical Engineering in PDF only on Docsity!
Maharashtra Institute of Technology Aurangabad LABORATORY MANUAL Practical Experiment Instruction Sheet EXPERIMENT TITLE: Verification of superposition theorem EXPERIMENT NO. : 1 Class: T.Y (EE) DEPARTMENT: Electrical Engineering LABORATORY : SIMULATION LAB Location: 416 PART: II PAGE: Aim: - Verification of superposition theorem Theory : Superposition theorem states that - "In a linear, bilateral network, consisting of several sources, the resultant current in any branch is the algebraic sum of the currents caused by the separate independent sources acting alone replacing all other sources by their respective internal resistances." This theorem when used for evaluating response in a complicated network containing several sources, simplifies the analysis. The theorem is particularly used in case of network, where sources generating voltages or currents of different frequencies are acting simultaneously, considering the effect of individual source independent of others. http://vlabs.iitb.ac.in/vlabs-dev/labs_local/network_lab/labs/exp1/simulation.php Circuit diagram:
**Result:
Questions: Q.1.** This set of Network Theory Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Superposition Theorem”.
- In Superposition theorem, while considering a source, all other voltage sources are? a) open circuited b) short circuited c) change its position d) removed from the circuit Q2. 2. In Superposition theorem, while considering a source, all other current sources are? a) short circuited b) change its position c) open circuited d) removed from the circuit Q3. 6. Find the voltage across 2Ω resistor due to 2A source in the figure shown above. a) - 1 b) 1 c) 1.4 6 d) - 1.4 6
Assessment
Cognitive (Out of 3) Affective (Out of 3) Psycho motor (Out of 3) Total (Out of 9) Sign of the Faculty with Date
Model Graph: Q.1 What is PWM
Q. 2 What are the types of PWM
Q.3 Explain the SPWM
Conclusion:
Assessment: Cognitive (Out of 3) Affective (Out of 3) Psycho motor (Out of 3) Total (Out of 9) Sign of the Faculty with Date
PWM1_Set_Duty(duty); //Change the duty cycle } if (!RD1_bit && duty >0) //button on RD1 pressed { Delay_ms(40); duty = duty - 10; //decrement duty PWM1_Set_Duty(duty); } Delay_ms(10); // slow down change pace a little } } The parameter of PWM1_Set_Duty() is duty ratio which ranges from 0 to 255, ie 0 means 0% duty cycle and 255 means 100% duty cycle. Circuit diagram: VDD and VSS of the pic microcontroller is not shown in the circuit diagram. VDD should be connected to +5V and VSS to GND. Q.1 What are the types of speed control method?
Q. 2 Explain armature control method?
Q. 2 Explain flux control method?
Conclusion:
Assessment: Cognitive (Out of 3) Affective (Out of 3) Psycho motor (Out of 3) Total (Out of 9) Sign of the Faculty with Date
Program: l=linspace(0,10,100); sig=sin(2pi50l); subplot(211) plot(sig); grid % u=1:9; % t=(1:) for t=1: if sin(2pi50l(t))<= sig(t)=0; else sig(t) = sin(2pi50*l(t)); end end subplot(212) plot(sig); grid Model Graph: Resistive Load: Inductive Load:
- SCR firing ranges from: a. 0 to 360 degree b. 0 to 180 degree c. 0 to 90 degree d. 180 to 360 degree
- What is the formula for average value of voltage at half wave controlled rectifier with R load? a. 2Vs/π b. Vs/π c. Vs√(2) d. Vs
- Explain, In half wave controlled rectifier with RL load why negative cycle is appeared in the output voltage?
- How to eliminate the negative cycle in output voltage in half wave controlled rectifier with RL load
Conclusion:
Assessment: Cognitive (Out of 3) Affective (Out of 3) Psycho motor (Out of 3) Total (Out of 9) Sign of the Faculty with Date
Q.1 What is inverter?
Q. 2 Why uncontrolled switch does not work in single phase inverter?
Q. 3 What are the types of inverter?
Q.4 What is the output of single-phase inverter?
Q. 4 5 Explain how to achieve sine wave in single phase inverter
Conclusion:
Assessment: Cognitive (Out of 3) Affective (Out of 3) Psycho motor (Out of 3) Total (Out of 9) Sign of the Faculty with Date
Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Aurangabad LABORATORY MANUAL Practical Experiment Instruction Sheet EXPERIMENT TITLE: Design lag, lead and lag-lead compensators. EXPERIMENT NO. : 6 Class: TY EED DEPARTMENT: Electrical Engineering LABORATORY :SIMULATION LAB Location:- 416 PART: II PAGE: Aim: To design lag, lead and lag-lead compensators. Formulae used: Where Operation: The primary objective of this experiment is to design the compensation of single – input-single-output linear time invariant control system. Compensation is the modification of the system dynamics to satisfy the given specification. The compensation is done by adding some suitable device in which is called as compensator. Compensator is realized by such a way as to meet the performance specifications. If sinusoidal input is applied to a network and if the steady state output has a phase lead, then the network is called a lead network, and if the output has a phase lag then the network is called as a phase lag network. Circuit Diagram: Compensators are realized in our experiments using op-amps , electrical RC network as shown in figure.
for the uncompensated system the closed loop transfer function is Hence numc= [0 0 4] denc = [1 2 4] PROGRAM: % Unit Step Response of Compensated and Uncompensated systems numc=[0 0 18.7 54.23]; denc=[1 7.4 29.5 54.23]; num=[0 0 4]; den=[1 2 4]; t=0:0.05:5; [c1,x1,t]=step (numc,denc,t); [c2,x2,t]=step(num,den,t); plot(t,c1,t,c1,'o',t,c2,t,c2,'x'); grid; title('Unit step response of Compensated and Uncompensated Systems'); xlabel('t sec') ylabel('Outputs c1 and c2'); text(0.6,1.32,'Compensated system'); text(1.3,0.68,'Uncompensated system'); Model Graph:
For Lag Compensator The closed loop transfer function equation for the compensated system becomes for the uncompensated system the closed loop transfer function is PROGRAM: % Unit Step Response of Compensated and Uncompensated systems numc=[0 0 0 1.0235 0.0512]; denc=[1 3. 005 2.015 1.0335 0.0512]; num=[0 0 0 1.06]; den=[1 3 2 1.06]; t=0:0.1:40; [c1,x1,t]=step(numc,denc,t); [c2,x2,t]=step(num,den,t); plot(t,c1,t,c1,'o',t,c2,t,c2,'x'); grid; text(13,1.12,'Compensated system'); text(13.6,0.88,'Uncompensated system'); title('Unit step response of Compensated and Uncompensated Systems'); xlabel('t sec') ylabel('Outputs c1 and c2'); Model Graph:
Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Aurangabad LABORATORY MANUAL Practical Experiment Instruction Sheet EXPERIMENT TITLE: To interface LCD with Microcontroller EXPERIMENT NO. : 7 Class: TY EED DEPARTMENT: Electrical Engineering LABORATORY :SIMULATION LAB Location:- 416 PART: II PAGE: Aim: To interface LCD with Microcontroller Theory: LCD INTERFACING WITH PIC MICROCONTROLLER, In this experiment, you will learn to interface an LCD with a microcontroller. It is a very simple and easy to understand experiment and is commonly used in several electronic products. LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) provides user interface and can be very useful for debugging purpose. After completion of this experiment, you will be able to display data on an LCD using mikro C compiler. To interface LCD with PIC16F877A and display the text ‘LCD INTERFACE’ on it. LCDs comes in different sizes and shapes. For this project, we have selected a 16× 2 character, alphanumeric LCD. It contains 2 rows of 16 character. Its pin configuration is given as follows: Pin Number Name Use 1 Vss Ground 2 Vdd Power 3 Vee To adjust the contrast 4 RS 1=Data input 0=Instruction input 5 R/W 1=Read from LCD 0=Write to LCD 6 Enable (EN) From 1 to 0 = Data is written to the LCD 7 DB Data Bus Lines
8 DB
9 DB 2
10 DB
11 DB
12 DB
13 DB
14 DB
15 LED+
Backlight 16 LED- The LCD can work in two modes, 4-bit and 8-bit. In this experiment, we have used the 4-bit mode which uses only 4 data lines, thus saving pins of the microcontroller. So It is recommended to use LCD in four bits mode to save pins of microcontroller for other purpose. LCD Display Commands in Mikro c for pic We have used 16×2 LCD which means there are 2 rows and 16 characters in each row. So we can display a total of 32 characters at a time in two rows with 16 characters in each row.
Void Lcd_Out (char row, char column, char*text); This is the main command which prints our text on LCD. It also gives privilege to specify the position of text. In horizontal direction we count rows number and in vertical direction we count the column number. In above command,
- row specifies the starting position of text in row. We specify the number of row like 1 or 2 according to our requirement in which row we want to print text.
- column specifies the starting position of text in column. We specify the number of column like (1,2,3,..16) according to our requirement in which row we want to print text.
- text specifies the text we want to display on LCD For example the command Lcd_Out (1, 1, “LCD”); will print the text LCD starting from position of row 1 and column 1. Lcd_Out (2, 1, “LCD”); will print the text LCD starting from position of row 2 and column Lcd_Out (1, 5, “LCD”); will print the text LCD starting from position of row 1 and column 5. However if your string is longer than the number of characters that could be displayed in a row from starting position, the last characters will not be displayed. E.g. Lcd_Out (1, 6 “LCD Interface”); will display text in row 1 starting from column position 6 and will display only LCD Interfa the rest of the characters will not be displayed as there is no room for them.
- void Lcd_Out_Cp(char *text); will start printing the text from current cursor position. For example after printing Lcd_Out (1, 1, “LCD”); if you write Lcd_Out_Cp(“Hello”); it will display “Hello” at position from column position of 4 in row 1.
- void Lcd_Chr(char row, char column, char out_char); allows only single characters to be displayed at specified positions. E.g. Lcd_Chr(2, 5, ‘A’); will print only A on column 5 row 2.
- void Lcd_Chr_Cp(char out_char); allows to print only single character from current cursor position like after Lcd_Chr(2, 5, ‘A’); if your write Lcd_Chr_Cp(‘B’); it will be printed at row 2 column 6. Circuit diagram
