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FCM3 MIDTERM EXAM STUDY GUIDE, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Nursing

Cambridge Technical InstituteNursing

FCM3 MIDTERM EXAM STUDY GUIDEFCM3 MIDTERM EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

2023/2024

Available from 07/20/2024

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FCM3 MIDTERM EXAM STUDY GUIDE
1.White- pale complexion: • Cold patterns
•Deficiency patterns
•Hemorrhage
•Syncope due to exhaustion of yang qi
2.Different pale complexions: • Pale, white, brigh
- Qi Deficiency
- Yang Deficiency
•Pale, white, [lusterless]/ Sallow:
- Blood Deficiency
•Bright white + deficiency edema in face
- Yang Qi Deficiency due to: Severe
wheezing. Chronic nephritis; and
Massive bleeding
3.The red complexion: • In general: heat
• Whole face red
=Excess Heat
•Pale face with cheeks red
=Deficiency Heat
•Rouge-like redness wandering on a
pale face; also called "floating redness"
fú hóng n¢:
=Dài Yáng 43W(iseman: "Upcast Yang")
= False Heat Upper; True Cold Lower: redness
moves around in the face
4.The bluish complexion: In general: wind cold, blood stasis, pain, any
severe stagnation in the body.
•Dark bluish:
=Epilepsy; child fright wind Grayish blue + blue or
purple lips
=Blood Stasis binding in inner body
=Heart Yang Deficiency
•Bluish somber white =Wind-Cold headache
=Cold Pain
•Dark bluish-purple (cyanotic)
=Blocked Lung Qi
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FCM3 MIDTERM EXAM STUDY GUIDE

  1. White- pale complexion: • Cold patterns
  • Deficiency patterns
  • Hemorrhage
  • Syncope due to exhaustion of yang qi
  1. Different pale complexions: • Pale, white, brigh
  • Qi Deficiency
  • Yang Deficiency
  • Pale, white, [lusterless]/ Sallow:
  • Blood Deficiency
  • Bright white + deficiency edema in face
  • Yang Qi Deficiency due to: Severe wheezing. Chronic nephritis; and Massive bleeding
  1. The red complexion: • In general: heat
  • Whole face red =Excess Heat
  • Pale face with cheeks red =Deficiency Heat
  • Rouge-like redness wandering on a pale face; also called "floating redness" fú hóng n¢: =Dài Yáng 43 W(iseman: "Upcast Yang") = False Heat Upper; True Cold Lower: redness moves around in the face
  1. The bluish complexion: In general: wind cold, blood stasis, pain, any severe stagnation in the body.
  • Dark bluish: =Epilepsy; child fright wind Grayish blue + blue or purple lips =Blood Stasis binding in inner body =Heart Yang Deficiency
  • Bluish somber white =Wind-Cold headache =Cold Pain
  • Dark bluish-purple (cyanotic) =Blocked Lung Qi

2 / 29

  1. Yellow complexion: Jaundice: two types
  • Bright Yellow Jaundice ="Yang Jaundice" 3Ä: = Damp Heat
  • Dull Yellow Jaundice="Yin Jaundice" = Damp Cold
  • Jaundice occurs as a result of increased bile pigments in the blood due to serious liver disease
  • Hepatitis
  • Cholecistitis • Cirrhosis
  • The skin, eyes and urine become yellow
  1. Black complexion: • Severe or extreme conditions, particularly if due to
  • Kidney Deficiency • Blood Stasis
  • Pain
  • Extreme Cold
  1. Black jaundice: Liver-Kidney debilitation and internal obstruction
  2. Gray complexion: • Pale Gray =Kidney Yang Deficiency
  • Lusterless Gray =Blood Stasis
  1. Slimy tongue coat: food stagnation or phlegm
  2. Five wheels of the eye:
  3. Ten Questions: 1. Cold and Heat
  4. Sweat 3.Head and Body (dizziness and headache) 4.Urine and Stool 5.Food, Drink, Taste in mouth 6.Chest, Rib side, Stomach duct, abdomen 7.Ears and Eyes 8.Thirst, intake os beverages
  5. Sleep 10.Pain
  6. Inquiry of Women: a. menstruation b. vaginal discharge c. pregnancy and delivery

4 / 29 flush 5 center heat

  1. shao yin level heat: heat from kidney xu

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  1. wei level heat: most external fever and chills simultaneously
  2. ying level heat: fever at night yin fluids depleted starting to effect the blood
  3. xue level heat: most internal bleeding mania, delirium (shen disturbed)
  4. chronic heat condition causes: yin xu depletion of fluids
  5. yin xu heat symptoms (deficiency heat): chronic low grade afternoon fever 5 center heat malar flush irritability constipation night sweats
  6. internal cold symptoms: aversion to cold cold limbs feels cold excess or deficiency cold?
  7. excess cold symptoms: Sudden onset Strong feeling of cold or shivering Body, limbs feel cold, and pain w/palpation Abdominal pain, diarrhea No thirst Pulse: Excess (tight, string-like,etc.) Tongue: Thick white coat
  8. deficiency cold symptoms: Slow, gradual onset Chills, no fever Cold body, cool limbs Spontaneous sweating Yang xu symptoms: diarrhea, frequent pale urine, etc. Abdominal pain better with pressure Pulse: Deficient Tongue: Pale, swollen, wet

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  1. Malarial disease: Alternating fixed intervals of alternating chills and fever present in 3 day cycles.
  2. Tidal fever: Stomach- intestine heat bind
  • afternoon tidal fever (spikes in evening - not same as yin def)
  • constipation, abdominal fullness, distention and pain
  • burnt yellow or old yellow tongue fur
  • forceful, deep, full pulse
  • delirious speech Yin deficiency
  • No fever or low fever during day, that rises in the afternoon / early evening
  • May cause "steaming bone" tidal fever
  1. Heat in fu-bowels/ Zang organs: Fever: mild to moderate signs of vexation
  2. Qi deficiency: Fever: low grade & irregular intermittent w lassitude and weakness
  3. Yang deficiency: - Chills, no fever
  • Usually longer term
  • Heat source: blankets, relieve chills
  • cold extremities
  1. Cold extremities: Qi stagnation Inner body heat bind Blood Deficiency
  2. If the patient experiences or reports a sudden drop in temperature during the course of a disease this indicates a severe worsening of the condition and is indicative of:: Yang collapse
  3. : Cold extremities
  4. Excess Heat symptoms: Strong fever Red flushed face Thirst with desire to drink cold beverages Sweating (does not resolve fever) Yellow urine, Vexation, Constipation Tongue- Red body, yellow fur Pulse: Rapid & replete

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  1. Areas of tongue represent: 3 jiaos and zang/fu

10 / 29 Qi def: spleen and stomach Blood vacuity Damp evil invading - qi and blood rush to surface, pulse is floating

  1. Deep pulse: Felt clearly only on heavy pressure, felt near sinew and bone More normal in winter Internal disorders Can indicate internal repletion or vacuity
  2. deep, wiry, and or full pulse: Felt only with heavy pressing at deep level Felt as though tied to bone, wiry, long, replete Opposite of drumskin pulse Replete, stubborn, difficult to treat patterns Obstruction and stagnation due to cold or hard masses
  3. Fast Pulse: 90-139 beats per minute 6 beats per breath
  4. Fast and forceful: excess heat
  5. Fast and thin: Deficiency Heat
  6. Fast forceless and large: Qi deficiency
  7. Slippery Pulse: Smooth and flowing like pearls rolling in a dish Arrives and departs smoothly - "small fish swimming"
  • Dampness, phlegm, excess heat, food stagnation
  • Normal in pregnancy
  1. Slippery and fast: Damp heat
  2. slippery and large or slippery and fast: Internal excess heat
  3. Slow Pulses: Slow pulse moderate pulse rough pulse
  4. Slow pulse: less than 60 beats per minute Departs and arrives slowly Governs cold patterns (can be interior or exterior, vacuous or replete) Cold contracts and stagnates blood flow slowing

11 / 29 movement of pulse Is often seen in aerobic athlete Sometimes seen in cold phlegm obstruction or blood stasis

13 / 29

  1. Tight Pulse: Felt tight and forceful like a tightly twisted rope, unevenly stretched, bouncing from side to side (right and left). Vibrating and urgent, strikes tightly, and snaps.

14 / 29 Tight governs cold patterns. (Can be floating or deep) Tight is image of contraction (cold patterns, pain patterns, food stagnation) Always considered repletion

  1. Surging/ Flooding Pulse: Arrives large, forceful, long, and departs debilitated. Like roaring wave which hits the rocks and fades away. Yang ming (disorders (w/4 bigs) Qi aspect - fever, sweat, thirst, In deficiency patterns:
  • serious damage to right qi with risk of sudden worsening of condition Natural pulse during summer
  1. Skipping pulse (Abrupt, Hurried): Pulse is rapid, skips beats irregularly, un- predictably (stops are irregular) Heat speeds up pulse.
  • Debilitation of the qi of the zang organs, particularly the heart
  • Heart bi patterns with blood stasis and phlegm turbidity obstructing the qi of the chest
  1. Long Pulse: Straight and long like a pole, it extends distal to the cun and proximal to the chi positions.
  • Long and resilient:
  • No disease indication; abundant qi and blood
  • Long and wiry:
  • Similar indications to wiry
  • Often seen in arteriosclerosis
  1. Thin pulse: Feels like fine thread, distinct and clear It is clearly felt with light pressure and is felt with stronger pressure
  • if also deep, see "weak", if floating, see "soggy." Qi and blood vacuity
  1. Thin and fast: Yin deficiency
  2. Thin and Faint Pulse: Yang deficiency
  3. Thin & Wiry Pulse: Liver Yin Deficiency

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  1. Short and forceless: - Qi and blood deficiency
  • Yang Qi deficiency
  • Hemorrhage
  1. Short and forceful: Phlegm accumulation Food Stagnation Impaired flow of qi and blood
  2. Wiry pulse: Felt: long, straight, somewhat forceful like a guitar string Pulse is more narrow than tight or long pulse Most commonly seen pulse clinically Pulse is ascribed to the liver and spring time Indicates: diseases of liver and/or gall bladder: i.e. liver qi yu, liver wind, liver fire, liver/gb damp heat, etc. Phlegm stagnation Food stagnation Pain
  3. Wiry and empty: Ascending Yang due to yin deficiency Spleen stomach deficiency cold Liver/spleen or liver/stomach disharmony
  4. problems with pulse diagnosis: - subjective -effected by outside influences (drugs) -takes lots of practice
  5. what does the depth of a pulse tell you?: if the problem is more internal or external
  6. what does the strength of the pulse tell you?: if the condition is excess or deficient
  7. what does the rate of the pulse tell you?: if the condition is cold or hot
  8. things that can effect the pulse: -Quiet, peaceful environment -Individual abnormalities, gender, age
  • Seasons -Affects of emotional changes
  • having eaten
  • alcohol
  • fasting
  1. normal pulse good stomach qi: smooth soft but not weak flexible and strong

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  1. normal pulse has root: felt at deep level felt at rear position good prognosis
  2. Night sweating: Yin deficiency -wei qi goes inside and heats up while pores are unprotected
  3. Day sweats from deficiency: Qi xu, Yang xu
  4. Yellow sweat: (stains clothing) damp heat
  5. Anhydrosis: lack of sweating
  6. Major causes of spontaneous sweating: Pathogenic heat: yin or yang excess or def.
  • pushes fluids outwards qi deficiency
  • lung qi def
  • lungs have control over opening and closing of the pores leading to leakage of body fluids
  1. Ying wei disharmony: Ying: nutritive: warms qi and Wei: defensive When wei qi goes to surface during external attack—> sweat
  2. wei qi deficiency: - Spontaneous sweat
  • absent of activit: light physical exxertions
  • day time
  • qi def
  • yang def
  1. Night sweats: Sweats when sleeping and stops when they wake yin deficiency: has trouble controlling yang: leads to predominance of yang qi= deficiency heat Thirst, mirror red tongue, peeling of tongue coat, thirst and fever.
  2. exterior cold (wind-cold): Fever w no sweating, chills worse than fever cold is settling all over the body as its trying to penetrate, it blocks the pores. Herbally release the exterior w sweat External signs: Floating pulse, headaches, upper body aches and pains
  3. Depletion of blood and fluids:

19 / 29 not enough fluids to sweat internal pattern no external signs

  1. Yang collapse: Profuse cold sweat during severe illness Oily sweat : large drops that are constantly streaming from body Reduction of body temp: chills
  2. Right qi expelling evil: Copious sweat w reduction of fever or A continuous high fever followed by shiver sweating and reduction of fever.
  3. Exterior pattern w ying- wei disharmony: Also called Shao yang disorder half internal/ half external alternating chills and fever no sweat if sweat then chills and fever continue on Continuous intermittent fever, fever is not severe, floating moderate pulse, alternat- ing chills anf fever
  4. Wind- heat: Bombarded by heat and so sweat dry sore scratchy throat, upper body affected, phlegm, can cause uncomfortable throat infections, floating rapid pulse, red or dry eyes, red complexing, yellow coat tongue. Dry yellow sticky phlegm, difficult to expectorate. W thirst.
  5. Four bigs: pulse, fever, thirst, sweat
  6. Great qi aspect heat: The four greats qi def. : spontaneous sweat Yin def: night sweats Febrile diseases
  7. The Head is the place where all Yang channels meet and bring the clear yang to the Head, Face and Orifices True or False: True
  8. Wind cold headache: Externally contracted evil : external symptoms discomfort of neck and occiput aversion to cold chills lingering headache
  9. Wind cold damp headache: Externally

20 / 29 contracted evil worse in wet/ humid weather heavy headed sensation