Fermentation
Getting Energy without Oxygen
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Fermentation: Getting Energy without Oxygen, Exercises of Biochemistry
2 Types of Fermentation. Lactic Acid Fermentation o Where: Cytoplasm of muscle cells. Pyruvate. Lactic Acid + 2 ATP. Glucose is simplified to pyruvate, ...
Typology: Exercises
2022/2023
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Fermentation
Getting Energy without Oxygen
Let’s Recap…
- What was the first step of Cell Respiration?
- What reactant starts this step?
- What simpler molecule do we break it in to?
- How many ATP do we make in this step?
- What is the second step of cell respiration?
- When you break down pyruvate, what gas is
released?
- How many ATP are made here?
Cell Respiration is Aerobic.
We learned that as long as oxygen is present, our cells can proceed with cellular respiration in this fashion: Glycolysis Kreb’s Cycle Electron Transport Chain But what happens when there ISN’T oxygen present???? Wait….when is oxygen not present???
Normally…. Walking down the street Your cells produce enough ATP to sustain this low level exercise. You’re producing ATP at the same rate that you are using it. But what if….. You are sprinting to catch the bus! Now you are straining your muscles, and using ATP faster than your cells make it! Your body cannot deliver oxygen fast enough to make more ATP Demand is higher than production.
2 Types of Fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation Where: Cytoplasm of muscle cells Pyruvate Lactic Acid + 2 ATP Glucose is simplified to pyruvate, which is converted to Lactic Acid. This creates 2 ATP. Alcoholic Fermentation Where: Cytoplasm of yeast cells Pyruvate Alcohol + CO 2 + 2 ATP Glucose is simplified to pyruvate, which is converted to ethyl alcohol, releasing CO2 as a waste product. This creates 2 ATP.
Lactic Acid What is lactic acid? o Lactic Acid is a chemical compound that, when it builds up, becomes a toxin. o This causes fatigue, soreness and stiffness in muscles that have been overworked. Pyruvate Lactic Acid + 2 ATP
Let’s Review
Cellular Respiration Glucose Pyruvate Carbon dioxide Water 36 ATP Lactic Acid Fermentation Glucose Pyruvate Lactic Acid 2 ATP Alcoholic Fermentation Glucose Pyruvate Carbon dioxide Alcohol 2 ATP