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Florida Basic Recruit Training Program
Chapter 2; Legal
Constitutional law correct answersThe form of government Americans have established. Statutory law correct answersWritten and enacted by congress, state legislatures, or local governing authorities in response to a perceived need. Civil law correct answersPertains to the legal action a person takes to resolve a private dispute with another person. Administrative law correct answersThe body of law that allows for the creation of public regulatory agencies. It contains all the statutes, judicial decisions, and regulations that govern then. Case law correct answersFormed by the decisions of the court system. Bill of Rights correct answersThe first ten amendments to the U.S. constitution. Offense correct answersBroadly describes criminal or noncriminal acts that are punishable under Florida law. Felony correct answersAny crime committed for which the maximum penalty is death or incarceration in a state correctional facility for more than one year. Noncriminal violation correct answersAn offense for which the only penalty may be a fine, forfeiture, or other civil penalty. Misdemeanor correct answersAny criminal offense with a maximum incarceration penalty in a county jail for up to one year.
Consensual encounter correct answersOccurs when an officer comes into voluntary contact with a citizen under circumstances in which a reasonable person would feel free to disregard the police and go about their business. Mere suspicion correct answersDescribed as a hunch or gut feeling based on law enforcement training and knowledge. Reasonable suspicion correct answersThe standard of justification to support a legal Terry stop. BOLO correct answersDescription of the suspect, the suspects name, and any additional information that would help apprehend the suspect. Probable cause correct answersA fair probability or reasonable grounds to believe that someone committed a crime, based on the totality of the circumstances. Fellow officer rule correct answersInvolves relying on the collective knowledge of other officers when taking law enforcement action. Photographic array correct answersPresentation of a series of photographs to a victim or witness in a non suggestive manner for the purpose of identifying a suspect. Live line-up correct answersPresentation of a number of individuals, which may include a known suspect, to a victim or witness in a non suggestive manner for the purpose of identification. Show-up correct answersOccurs when a law enforcement officer locates a suspect a short time after the commission of an offense and attempts to get a one on one identification of the suspect in the field by a victim or witness. Proof beyond a reasonable doubt correct answersThe standard used to determine if a criminal defendant is guilty. Search correct answersOccurs when the government intrudes into a place where a person has a reasonable expectation of privacy.
Alibi correct answersA suspects claim that he or she was not present when the alleged act was committed. Self Defense correct answerscommon legal term that describes the justifiable use of force that is necessary to protect oneself. Entrapment correct answersoccurs when a law enforcement officer uses undue persuasion or fraudulent means to induce a person to commit a crime he or she would not have otherwise committed. Insanity correct answersdefined legally as any mental disorder so severe that it prevents a person from having legal capacity and excuses the person from criminal or civil responsibility Evidence correct answersinformation that is allowed in court, while proof is the effect produced by that information. Direct Evidence correct answersthat which proves a fact without an inference or presumption and which, if true in itself, conclusively establishes that fact Circumstantial evidence correct answersrequires an inference or presumption to establish a fact. Testimonial Evidence correct answerswitness statements tending to prove or disprove facts about the case. Documentary evidence correct answersis anything written or printed which is offered to prove or disprove facts pertaining to the case. Physical Evidence correct answersrefers to actual objects which may be offered to prove facts about a case.
Instrumentalities correct answersThe items used by the defendant to commit the crime. Contraband correct answersanything that is illegal to possess. Admissibility of evidence correct answersrefers to the legal requirements that must be met before a jury is allowed to see or hear about the evidence. Hearsay correct answersa statement other than one made by the declarant while testifying at the trial or hearing, offered in evidence to prove the truth of the matter asserted. Excited utterance correct answersunplanned, spontaneous statements that occur during or after a shocking event, or having suffered an injury, and may be relied upon for truthfulness Criminal liability correct answersoccurs when an officer is found guilty of committing a crime and is sentenced to incarceration or other penalties. Civil liability correct answersresponsibility for a wrongful act or an omission that injures a person or property and most often involves negligence. Tort correct answersa civil wrong in which the action or inaction of a person or entity violates the rights of another person or entity Negligence correct answersfailure to use due or reasonable care in a situation that results in harm to another. Compensatory damages correct answersdesigned to compensate for the actual property damage, harm, or injury that the plaintiff suffers. Punitive damages correct answersdamages awarded in addition to actual damages when the defendant acted with recklessness, malice, or deceit.
18 who has not been emancipated by order of the court and who has been found or alleged to be dependent, in need of services, or from a family in need of services; or any married or unmarried person who is charged with a violation of law occurring prior to the time that person reached the age of 18 years.
