GERIZAL CHILDHOOD HELL YEAH, Essays (high school) of Law

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Rizal’s Childhood

GERIZAL Day 4

The Family name “Rizal”

■ From Mercado to Rizal

■ Rizal as a second family name

■ Paternal great great

grandfather is Chinese

(Domingo Lamco)

■ Claveria Act (1849) – assigned

Filipinos their surnames; to

improve census and tax

collection

"I am the only Rizal in the family because

at home my parents, my sisters my

brother, and my relatives have always

preferred our old surname Mercado. Our

family name was in fact Mercado, but there

were many Mercados in the Philippines

who are not related to us. It is said that an

alcalde mayor, who was a friend of our

family added Rizal to our name. My family

did not pay much attention to this, but now

I have to use it. In this way, it seems that I

am an illegitimate son."

“Principalia” ■ growth of commercial agriculture resulted in the appearance of a new class ■ Upperclass, usually educated ■ Political and business leaders ■ Don, Doña

“The Principalia in Philippine

History…” (Owen 1974)

Excerpts from The First Filipino Leon Ma. Guerrero ■ My mother is a woman of more than average education … Her father [Lorenzo Alberto Alonso], who was a deputy for the Philippines in the Cortes, was her teacher, her brother was educated in Europe and spoke German, English, Spanish and French; he was also a knight in the Order of Isabel the Catholic. ■ Her maternal grandfather, Manuel de Quintos, had been a well-known lawyer in Manila. Both Don Lorenzo and his father Don Cipriano had been mayors of Biñang.

Crisostomo Ibarra “I was not brought up among the people, and perhaps I do not know what they need. I spent my childhood in the Jesuit school and grew up in Europe. My opinions were formed by books, and I know only what has been exposed; I know nothing of the things that remain hidden, that have not been written about.” Excerpt from Noli Me Tangere

Some of Rizal’s favorite books ■ Count of Monte Cristo

• Alexander Dumas ■ Uncle Tom’s Cabin
• Harriet Beecher Stowe ■ Universal History
• Cesar Cantu

Education in Ateneo ■ Barely 11 yo when Jose was sent to Manila ■ Options: San Jose Seminary, Letran, Ateneo ■ Rizal excelled in his studies; obtained the highest grades in all subjects and graduated with the highest honors ■ He finished a surveying course in the Ateneo, but was not given the title of Surveyor because he was still 17 and underage.

Rizal’s grades in Ateneo

Arithmetic, Latin I, Spanish I, Greek I ■ 1873 - 1874 Latin 2, Spanish 2, Greek 2, Universal Geography ■ 1874 - 1875 Latin 3, Spanish 3, Universal History, History of Spain and the Philippines, Arithmetic and Algebra ■ 1875 - 1876 Rhetoric and Poetry, Geometry and Trigonometry ■ 1876 - 1877 Philosophy I, Minerology and Chemistry, Philosophy 2, Physics, Botany and Zoology

Excellent

Excellent

Excellent

Excellent

Excellent

Rizal’s grades in UST

Cosmology and Metaphysics, Theodicy, History and Philosophy ■ 1878 - 1879 Physics Chemistry Natural History, Anatomy, Dissection I ■ 1879 - 1880 Anatomy 2, Dissection 2, Physiology, Private Hygiene, Public Hygiene ■ 1880 - 1881 General Pathology Therapeutics Surgery ■ 1881 - 1882 Medical Pathology, Surgical Pathology, Obstetrics

Excellent

Fair

Excellent

Good

Good

Fair

Excellent

Very Good

Good

THE MONKEY AND THE TORTOISE

REFLECTION

RIZAL’S LETTER TO PACIANO IN 1886 My Dear Brother, There I’m sending you at last the translation of Wilhelm Tell by Schiller... I lacked many words, for example, for the word Freiheit or liberty. The Tagalog word kaligtasan cannot be used, because this means that formerly he was in prison, slavery, etc. I found in the translation of Amor Patrio the noun malayà, kalayahan that Marcelo del Pilar uses. In the only Tagalog book I have - Florante - I don't find an equivalent noun…