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Grade 10 Optics Test
Incandescent - โ
way of making light from using high temperature elements Electric Discharge - โ
when electric current glows in specific gases Phosphorescence - โ
absorption of UV then output visible light over time Fluorescent - โ
absorption of UV light then immediately outputting visible light Chemiluminescence - โ
process of making light through chemical reactions Bioluminescence - โ
animals producing light through special tissues Triboluminescence - โ
producing light through rubbing crystals Prisms - โ
split white light into the rainbow of light Light ray - โ
the direction and straight path that light travels Geometric optics - โ
using light rays to determine how light behaves when it strikes an object Plane Mirror - โ
Flat mirror
Angle of incidence - โ
between incident and normal Angle of reflection - โ
between normal and reflection two laws of reflection - โ
1) Angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection
- Incident ray and reflected ray and normal are all on the same plane Virtual image - โ
an image that cannot actually be seen. there is a location where the extension of drawn lines come together but is on the other side of the screen Real image - โ
an image that can actually be seen as a result of light actually converging at an image location Whatโs the difference between a real image and a virtual image? - โ
-- Specular reflection - โ
when all the light rays are reflected equally at the same angle and traveling the same direction. A smooth surface where an image can be seen. Diffuse reflection - โ
rough surface where each light ray is reflected in a different direction and no clear reflected image is seen Laws of Refraction - โ
1) light traveling from a less optically dense material to a denser material will bend towards normal
- light traveling from a denser to less dense material will bend away from normal Partial Reflection -
objects that do not emit light, but only reflect it, are NON-LUMINOUS forms of luminous energy - โ
Chemical, electrical, nuclear, thermal What is reflection? - โ
when a ray of light is returned after hitting a surface normal - โ
A reference line that is perpendicular (90 degrees) to the reflecting surface at the point where the incident ray strikes the surface What is the largest possible angle of incidence for a light ray traveling toward a mirror? - โ
90 degrees What is the smallest possible angle of incidence? - โ
0 degrees What happens when light hits a transparent surface? - โ
When light hits a transparent surface, most of the light enters the material. If light strikes the surface at an angle, it changes direction upon entering. Once light crosses the boundary between the two materials, it continues to travel in a straight line Why does light refract? - โ
because the speed of light through different materials changes. When light passes from air to the denser glass, it slows down. The change in speed also causes a change in direction. What is radiation? - โ
Radiation is the heat transfer of radiant energy waves or rays such as light (doesn't require a medium) Name the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum - โ
(RMIUVXG) + (ROYGBIV)
What is a medium? - โ
Any physical substance though in which energy can be transferred Why are incandescent light bulbs inefficient? - โ
they give off a lot of heat energy Characteristics of lasers - โ
produce electromagnetic awakes of exactly the same energy level concentrated in one beam can travel great distances without spreading out centre of curvature - โ
centre of the sphere that produces the curve vertex - โ
point where the principal axis meets the mirror focus - โ
point where converging rays come together How can you tell if a real image forms on a mirror? - โ
-all lines from a point or object converge -on same side mirror Where is your head located on a mirror? - โ
behind it Characteristics of an image in a plane mirror - โ
Same size, upright, behind and virtual Why will a convex mirror never produce a real image? - โ
Because rays reflecting from a convex mirror diverge and will never converge, so the image cannot be real Which mirrors produce a variety of images? -
โ
1) light must be travelling from the slower medium into the faster one โ
2) the angle of incidence is large enough that no refraction occurs into the second medium (the angle of incidence must be greater than the critical angle) Why are triangular prisms more useful optical devices than mirrors? - โ
because prisms transmit almost 100% of light What kind of quality does an index of refraction have? - โ
it is a dimensionless quality, it has no units Imaging rules for a converging lens - โ
1) a ray parallel to the principal axis is refracted though the focus โ
2) a ray though the focus is refracted parallel to the principal axis โ
3) a ray through the optical centre continues straight through without being refracted Imaging rules for a diverging lens - โ
1) a ray refracted to the principal axis is refracted as if it had come through the focus โ
2) a ray that appears to pass through focus is refracted parallel to the principal axis โ
3) a ray through the optical centre through its path How does a camera produce a real image? - โ
it takes light from large, distant objects and forms smaller, real images what type of lens does a magnifying glass use? - โ
converging lens whatโs the difference between a refracting telescope and a microscope? - โ
they act the same way, but in a refracting telescope, the object is much farther away (the objects are in space) Hyperopia -
โ
inability to focus light from near objects (far sightedness) Myopia - โ
inability to focus light from distant objects (near sightedness) Relationship between type and attitude in converging and diverging lens - โ
converging lens= real images are INVERTED virtual images are UPRIGHT diverging lens= all images are VIRTUAL and UPRIGHT Astigmatism - โ
eye defect that prevents proper focus (blurred vision)
