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HFRG Threat Pattern Recognition
Design methodology For a use of force system, is the established rules, methods, and procedures designed to select and implement a system of techniques to control unlawful, resistive, or dangerous behavior. Design parameters
- All Use of Force is designed to control unlawful behavior.
- An understanding that the tactical environment the officer operates is one where the officer will be reactive to a subject's unlawful actions
- The tactical environment will influence the officer's stress levels
- The officer's physical actions of control must be proportional to the subject's actions of resistance
- The officer's actions must be measured. Measured In Use of Force, is defined as the mental ability to recognize when resistance/aggression has stopped, thereby requiring the officer to act with compassion and provide care. Control In Use of Force, is defined as the ability to stop unlawful behavior with proportional countermeasures, and contain the subject through restraints. Tactical Parameters
- Mission
- Tactical Application
- Tactical Environment
- Tactical Requirements
- Most common types of resistance Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations (Fight or Flight mode) Officer's Mission The ______ _______ is to protect citizens, control unlawful behavior, and enforce the laws of the land. proportional The amount of force used must be ______ to the subject's actions Reactive, proportional, and measured What are the 3 tactical requirements? Fast quick strong perceptive smart and precise What are the 6 qualities CJ officials must seek to attain when using force? Survival instincts
Positive stress When a person is motivated or excited, they can be enabled to respond to a situation in a constructive manner which results in high performance; includes the hormones serotonin, adrenalin, and nor epinephrine. This is referred to as _______. parasympathetic nervous system The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy, and allows us to rest and digest. Prey mindset Man has been and still is in a _____. Resulting from leopards, lions, wolves, and other predatory animals attacks on mankind. This has led to human's developing fear. Increase During the activation of the SNS, respiration (breathing) will _______ vasoconstriction Narrowing of blood vessels which happens as a byproduct of the activation of the SNS during high stress. Perceptual Senses Sight, sound, touch, taste, smell, and "the sixth sense" are all a part of the ________
Tune in When the brain becomes activated on a threat, it begins to _____ to the threat/target. As a result, all other senses are temporary halted. This results in auditory exclusion Auditory Exclusion Hearing is diminished during perceptual narrowing which occurs when locked on to a threat; this is known as Weaver system When you're in a high stress situation, your body "locks on" to the target with your eyes. Your eyes become more fixated on the target rather than your sights of your firearm. This is a result of the dilation of your eyes. Canting allows you to block out or blur the target, which results in more focus on the front/back sights. Seeing the front sights and targeting with the dominate eye is the main components of this. (Made famous by Jeff Cooper) Applegate's isosceles stance Forming a triangle between your head and arms with your pistol in both hands and finger on the trigger guard straight forward, used to "Point" towards your target accurately and quickly. (Made famous by Brian Enos) Fine motor skills Physical abilities involving small body movements, especially of the hands and fingers, such as hand dexterity and writing, or even precision during shooting.
critical incident amnesia A temporary or sometimes permanent condition, following an extremely stressful situation, where short and long-term memory loss may occur Combat performance variables Mindset, motor skill selection, nutrition & hydration, fitness and belief system are considered ____ Mindset A variable the impacts performance; must be positive, willing to make the right sacrifices and never giving up; a belief system Motor Skill Selection Critical to fear management; if simple skills are taught and practiced, a person will become more confident in his/her abilities and become better able to manage fear. Nutrition Eating a healthy diet establishes peak performance for combat; a combat performance variable. Hydration Fluid losses as little as 2% can impair performance by increasing fatigue; a combat performance variable.
Fitness Increasing the human body physical limitations to increase combat effectiveness; after 15 seconds of physical confrontations, officers begin to diminish in their abilities; a combat performance variable. Belief system The last combat performance variable; having strong personal relationships and understanding the difference between killing and murder, having a faith system that you can use will enhance an individual's combat performance. Tactical breathing Controlling our heart rate during high levels of stress is manageable through ______ Hicks Law Reaction Timing will increase 58% when an individual has more than 1 option to choose from; limit your number of survival responses. visualization drills Necessary for officers to prepare to handle real life situations both confidently and quickly; such as practicing the drawing of a firearm, reloading, and weapon malfunction drills, in attempts to reduce anxiety and improve performance. Faith factor Having a positive _______will create a state of mind that can assist in controlling the heart rate when confronted with imminent danger. Medical, legal, tactical
active aggression Physical actions of assault or resistance Injury potential Plans should be in place to minimize risk of injury, particularly if an injury already exists or has occurred previously UofF justification
- To stop potentially dangerous and unlawful behavior
- To protect the officer or another from injury/death
- To protect the subject from injuring theirself
- When a subject resists arrest Officer's Arrival Report should elaborate on if marked unit vs unmarked unit, uniform vs plain clothes, number of officers Approach The report should indicate how the officer approached the scene and initial verbal commands. Pain compliance A subject's response to a combination of pain and verbal commands to stop resisting.
punishment/reward Pain compliance is a ____ for compliance Inactive resistance What is the first level of the Use of Force continuum? (Suspect side) Active resistance What is the 3rd level of the Use of Force continuum? (Suspect side) Passive Resistance What is the 2nd level of the Use of Force continuum? (Suspect side) Active Aggression What is the 4th level of the Use of Force continuum? (Suspect side) Deadly force assault What is the 5th and final level of the Use of Force continuum? (Suspect side) Officer Presence/Verbal Direction What is the 1st level of the Use of Force continuum? (Officer's side) Compliance Controls What is the 2nd level of the Use of Force continuum? (Officer's side)
This technique is primarily used in conjunction with HFRG joint locks. The use of this technique weaken motor action by changing the thought process of the subject for about 2-3 seconds. Balance Displacement The use of control techniques that displace balance through the principles of leverage in efforts to put an individual in a prone, more weak position. Motor Dysfunction A control striking technique that overstimulates nerves, resulting in a temporary muscle impairment and may last up to 30 seconds. Fluid Shockwave Principle Using this principle, generated a specific type of kinetic energy transfer to subdue the subject, note however that a subject under the influence may not be affected motor dysfunction due to not feeling any pain. totally uncooperative A subject who will not submit to being handcuffed, must first control subject then handcuff if possible. potentially uncooperative intoxicated subject, experienced criminal, who appears to be complying but has the potential to resist. Transport Wrist Lock
Pressure is applied to the back of the subject's hand on the index knuckle with both hands, making certain to keep the thumb out of the crevice of the wrist. Often used as a method of transportation of subjects. straight armbar takedown When a subject responds with straightening of their arm resistance, the officer should use 2 knee strikes and follow with pulling the subjects arm close to his torso and rotate the subjects wrist and elbow up and point the subjects hand towards the sky and maintain this position all the way to the ground. The subjects spine, feet, head, and arm should be in a relatively straight line for maximum effect. Mandibular Angle Pressure point used as a form of pain compliance Infraorbital Pressure point used for pain compliance C Clamp Pressure point used for pain compliance which offers 2 different points. Hypoglossal Pressure point often used to get the subject to stand up; pain compliance. Clavicle Notch Pain Compliance involving the pressure point located at the lower portion of the brachial plexus just inside of the collarbone.
vasodilation widening of the blood vessels that allows for increased blood flow (Important during bleed outs/tourniquets) Complex motor skills combine fine and gross motor skills using hand and eye coordination timed to a single event, such as catching and throwing a baseball. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) Composed of a sugar ribose, nitrogenous base adenine, and a chain of three phosphate groups bonded to it; allows maximum strength for 15 seconds Lactic Acid System Anaerobic energy system. Fuel source = carbs, allows for 45 seconds of fight at 55% of maximum output, after 30 seconds we drop to 35%. Aerobic System After 90 seconds. Cardio/respiratory conditioning determine how long he/she can fight (typically reduces to 31% max output).
