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HFRG Threat Pattern Recognition, Exams of Advanced Education

Chamberlain College of NursingAdvanced Education

HFRG Threat Pattern Recognition

Typology: Exams

2025/2026

Available from 04/19/2026

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HFRG Threat Pattern Recognition
research in human factor science - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” what is the TPR course
a product of
human factor sciences - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” The study of human capabilities
and human limitations within a specific domain
.37 seconds or 1/3 of a second - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” the fastest draw time as
identified by the Hontz, Siddle and HFRG study
50% - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” what percent of the victim officers were within 0 to
5 ft of the assailant In the (FBI FLETC research PPCT/HFRG research study)
1.9 seconds to 2.4 seconds - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” how long it takes an officer
to engage in a situation with accuracy
threat pattern recognition - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” a system that examines the
patterns associated with an assault or lethal assault and engineers a tactical
solution based on science and motor performance
decrease - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” research indicates officers who have received
proper threat pattern recognition training__________ their reaction time during a
deadly force assault and enhance their position
human factors - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” is the study of human capabilities and
human limitations within a specific domain
high risk human factors - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” The study of human capabilities
and limitations in a high risk environment that is dynamic fluid time compressed
and life-threatening
51.9% - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” percentage of officers killed in 0 to 5 feet from
their assailant from study in 2001-2012
19.2% - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” percentage of officers killed 6 to 10 ft from their
assailant in a study done from 2001 to 2010
Corticle - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” also known as the attentive system, 0.33
second cognition
Subcorticle - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” also known as the pre-attentive It takes
point 0.012 second cognition
parasympathetic nervous system and sympathetic nervous system - CORRECT
ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” The ANS is divided into two branches
The parasympathetic nervous system or PNS - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” allows us
to rest and digest
The sympathetic nervous system or SNS - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” releases
cortisol into the body, this provides the ability to either fight or flight
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HFRG Threat Pattern Recognition

research in human factor science - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” what is the TPR course a product of human factor sciences - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” The study of human capabilities and human limitations within a specific domain .37 seconds or 1/3 of a second - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” the fastest draw time as identified by the Hontz, Siddle and HFRG study 50% - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” what percent of the victim officers were within 0 to 5 ft of the assailant In the (FBI FLETC research PPCT/HFRG research study) 1.9 seconds to 2.4 seconds - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” how long it takes an officer to engage in a situation with accuracy threat pattern recognition - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” a system that examines the patterns associated with an assault or lethal assault and engineers a tactical solution based on science and motor performance decrease - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” research indicates officers who have received proper threat pattern recognition training__________ their reaction time during a deadly force assault and enhance their position human factors - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” is the study of human capabilities and human limitations within a specific domain high risk human factors - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” The study of human capabilities and limitations in a high risk environment that is dynamic fluid time compressed and life-threatening 51.9% - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” percentage of officers killed in 0 to 5 feet from their assailant from study in 2001- 19.2% - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” percentage of officers killed 6 to 10 ft from their assailant in a study done from 2001 to 2010 Corticle - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” also known as the attentive system, 0. second cognition Subcorticle - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” also known as the pre-attentive It takes point 0.012 second cognition parasympathetic nervous system and sympathetic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” The ANS is divided into two branches The parasympathetic nervous system or PNS - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” allows us to rest and digest The sympathetic nervous system or SNS - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” releases cortisol into the body, this provides the ability to either fight or flight

homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” The balance between the fight and flight syndrome and the rest and digest syndrome four triggers for the SNS - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” objective threat perceptions, objective fear perceptions, physical exhaustion, and startle a response physiological changes caused by SNS activation - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” an increased adrenal activity, vascular flow redirected, contour of the eyelids and pupils become dilated, auditory exclusions adrenal activity - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” drives the heart rate from 60-80 beats per minute to over 200 beats per minute causing respiration to increase vascular activity - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” vassal constriction, which is a lack of circulation, causes cold hands perceptual narrowing - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” brain tunes into the sensory system that provides the most relevant information at that given second any other sensory inputs will be tuned out by the brain impact of sns on vision - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” vasoconstriction and hormonal changes cause distortions in vision Sight alignment - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” canting of the body which pulls a head sideways allowing the shooter to establish site alignment with their dominant eye motor skill classification - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” fine, complex and gross inverted u - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” performance will gradually deteriorate as stress increases incident reporting after critical incident - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” there are three reports

  1. is a preliminary verbal,
  2. is a supplemental debrief taken after the first sleep period and 3.or final is prepared after the second sleep period ATP/PC system - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” small energy bundles that are stored in the muscles they burn out after 10 to 15 seconds after that the officer can expect a 45% decrease in maximum output lactic acid system or LAS - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” takes place after the ATP system has been depleted acts as an afterburner fuel, provides 45 seconds of intermediate strength and endurance aerobic system or AS - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” fueled by a combination of oxygen carbohydrates and free fatty acids can burn for long periods of time components of acceptability - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” tactical, legal and medical acceptability, AND human Factors

common types of resistance - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” Resistance during the handcuffing procedure, passive actions, escort position resistance, and active aggression principles of controlling resistive behavior - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” pain compliance, stunning techniques, distraction techniques, balance displacement, and motor dysfunction or a charley horse reactionary gap - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” minimum safe zone that an officer should maintain when dealing with others (6-10ft) tactical reactionary options - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” 1. either penetrate the reactionary gap in order to use techniques that are designed to be used in close quarters, or

  1. to disengage and employ techniques that are designed to be used on the edge of the reactionary gap tactically safe - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” double lock handcuffs when it is ________ to do so handcuffing myth - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” hole's must be pointed outward and the double locking prevents injury 70% - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” when tunnel vision The sets in an officer's peripheral field is reduced by 115-145 BPM - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” heart rate for optimal performance fine motor skills - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” those that require hand-eye coordination and hand dexterity Protein - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” used to maintain and build muscles 4-6 ft - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” conversational distance <4ft - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” interpreted as intimidating, violate personal space 6-10ft - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” voice is stressed and communication, does not allow for personal contact reaction - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” action always beats level two and a half escort position - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” used for all encounters except interview and prone hand cuffing ANS - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” automatic nervous system physical exhaustion - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” caused by depletion of ATP fuels or inadequate nutrition deadly force - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” also known as immediate incapacitation common types of resistance (4 categories) - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” 1. Resistance during the handcuffing
  1. passive actions
  2. escort position resistance
  3. active aggression pain compliance - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” The use of the stimulus pain to control resistive behavior stunning - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” The stimulation of overwhelming sensory input that is sudden, intense and unexpected distraction technique - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” The use of control techniques that weaken motor action by changing the thought process balance displacement - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” The use of control techniques that displace balance through the principles of leverage motor dysfunction - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” also known as a charley horse, a control striking technique that over stimulates nerves, resulting in a temporary muscle impairment reactionary gap - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” minimum safe zone that an officer should maintain when dealing with others (6-10ft) level one interview position, level two and a half escort position - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” The only two relative positions that we use when dealing with a subject transport wrist lock takedown - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” take down that utilizes the handcuff already applied to the subject, decentralized the subject to the level two position step back with your rear foot and drag your lead foot sus hand below the knee - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” A key point in kneeling handcuffing to assure adequate control handcuffing - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” what should always be done before you search a subject escort position resistance - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” research has found that this is the most common type of resistance in officer will encounter types of subjects - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” totally cooperative, potentially uncooperative and totally uncooperative two ways to apply pressure points - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” touch pressure and strike 3 seconds - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” how long until a pressure point becomes effective by the book mandibular angle - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” located at the base of the earlobe hypoglossal - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” located one inch forward of the r angle in the mandible and one inch under the jaw

torso - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” primary straight punch target use of force - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” 1. was there a need

  1. was the force proportional to the resistance
  2. was the extent of the subject's injury proportional to the subject's level of resistance or threat to the officer
  3. was the force applied on good faith based on the perceptions of a reasonably trained officer in the objectively reasonable facts at the officer at the time of the incident reason for placing sus under arrest - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” committed a crime ANS (autonomic nervous system) - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” the organs of our body, such as the heart, stomach, and intestines are regulated by a part of the nervous system called symptoms of SNS activation - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” rapid breathing, cottonmouth, muscular tremors, increased heart rate, sweaty palms, visual difficulty and loss of concentration survival stress - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” accelerated levels of mental and physical stress lead to events that "backlash" SNS to PNS - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” perception of the threat diminishing, or injury touched - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” study indicates that resistance most often occurs when the subject is first tactical considerations - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” approach to contact, control upon touch, and speed an application justifications for handcuffing a subject - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” subject has committed a crime, subject is an escape risk, or the subject is a safety hazard symptoms of PNS backlash - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” dizziness, excessive bleeding, and symptoms of shock recovery after PNS backlash - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” lying horizontally to equalize bp and ingest fast burning carbs critical incident amnesia - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” form of temporary amnesia subsequent to a SNS mass discharge, releases cortisol 90 seconds - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” the LAS is Depleted and the AS takes dominant fuel system in a physical altercation after oxygen, carbs and free fatty acids - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” the AS or aerobic system is fueled by

psychological intimidation - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” blank stare, clenching of firsts, tightening of jaw muscles survival reaction time - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” the amount of time between perceiving a threat cue and initiating the physical response pistol grip - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” the most fundamental and critical aspect of tactical handcuffing distraction technique - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” immediately is followed with either the 1.transport wrist lock 2.straight armbar takedown The transport wrist lock (takedown) - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” subjects form is elevated to nearly a vertical position, his or her elbow is tucked between the officer strongman body, wrist is flexed downward until all the slack has removed from the wrist, pressures applied to the back of the subject's hand, step back at 2 1/2 and drop weight to the landing zone straight arm bar take down - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” distraction technique, pull subjects arm close to torso and rotate wrist and elbow up, roll knife hand on tricep, step back to the two and a half, drop weight on inside knee inside takedown - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” pulling subjects neck straight to the ground nose to toes fashion Respiratory Restraint Technique category - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” high risk and should be restricted as a deadly force technique two types of neck restraints - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” Respiratory and Vascular respiratory neck restraints - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” apply direct pressure to the trachea by wrist or forearm, generating strangulation vascular neck restraints - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” Applies pressure to the side of the neck rather than to the trachea, applies forearm wrist and bicep deltoid pressure to the sides of the neck. control is established by vascular body compressuion Physiological Factors of the Vascular neck restraint - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” 1. Venous Compression

  1. Vagus Stimulation
  2. Carotid Compression 4.Valsalva Maneuver respiratory neck restraint - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” use pressure to compress the trachea, generating strangulation and a high degree of pain, this is not authorized for anything other than deadly force

levels of control for Vascular neck restraint - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” 1. rear neck lock no compression

  1. mechanical compression until conscious compliance
  2. compression until unconsciousness impact weapon is justified as a means to temporarily disable when - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” empty hand control failed or will fail or the use of deadly force is not justified four issues to help prepare officers for disarming encounters - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” 1. relative distance,
  3. distractionary windows,
  4. absolute commitment and
  5. disarming, and follow up control weapon retention system - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” 1. stabilize the grip,
  6. pull weapon to center,
  7. release and stun,
  8. distract if release fails action is faster than reaction, the majority of officer fatalities occur between 6 to 10 ft - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” The findings in the studies FLETC/HERG 12.7in - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” visual field at 6 ft 21.1 in - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” visual field at 10 ft evade, assess, control - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” from the field interview stance, when prompted by TPR cues the officer 2.4 - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” how long it takes an officer to engage by drawing their weapon WITH PRECISION Central visual Field - CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ” line of sight vision is referred to as
    • CORRECT ANSWER โœ”โœ”โœ”