Introduction to Computers: Hardware, Software, and Networking, Slides of Computer Networks

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (IOT)

SCHOOL OF INFORMATICS

INTRODUCTION TO

INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY(INFO2011)

Introduction to ICT

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Chapter one :

Introduction to Computer

o

Term computer is derived from the

Latin word ‘compute’ which means to

calculate, so

o

A computer is an electronic machine,

devised for performing a calculation

and control operation

(Arithmetic(math) and Logic

operations) or

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What is computer?

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o

Is an electronic device designed to

accept data(input), performs

operation on the data(processing),

and supply result(output) to the end

user or store the result.

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o

Information is a data i.e. arranged in

meaningful way and useful manner, and

it is used for making decisions

o

It is a processed data

Example 1

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o

Data collected from census is used to

generate different type of information.

o

The government can use it to determine

the literacy rate in the country.

o

Government can use the information in

important decision to improve literacy

rate..

The 4 basic operation of a computer

1. Text, numbers, audio,

video, image, symbols

3. Result displayed on the

monitor, speaker, printers, etc. or

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2. Num. compared/sorted/calculated, text

formatted, image/sound edited, etc…

4. Data stored for

later use.

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Where we use computer/The

application?

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o

Computer enters in every sphere of human life

1. Medicine and health care



To store patient history

Assistance to medical surgery

2. Education



To provide distance education (e-learning )

Conducting online examination

Audio and video aid in schools,

unive….

Where we use computer/The

application?

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3. Engineering

 Engineers and scientific researchers use a computer for

performing complex calculation and designs and drawing

4. Entertainment

 User can download view movies, playing games, etc…..

5. E-commerce

 Online buying and selling goods

Characteristics of Computer

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1. Automatic-

Once started on a job, they carry on until

the job finished without any human

intervention.

2. Speed:

Computer is capable of performing a task at

high speed measured in BIPS.

3.Accuracy/Authenticity

They are reliable and robust. It ever makes a

mistake. Produce error free result.

Characteristics of Computer

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4. Diligence/works with out a brake

Free form tiredness, boredom even if

they execute enormous amount of tasks.

5.Versatlity/adaptability

computer can perform different kind of

tasks simultaneously.

6. Power of remembering

Can store and recall huge amount of inf

n

Classification of computer

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o

Purpose Data Handling Functionality

General Specific

Analog Hybrid

Digital

Micro

Super

Mini

Mainframe

Desktop Portable

1. Classification according to

purpose

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1. General purpose:

We can perform different tasks only we

need is the software/application(word,

pdf, d/t games, etc…)

Ex. Personal computer

2.Specific purpose

Are dedicated computer designed for

performing only a particular task

Ex. A computer which guides a missile