Implicit Memory: Serial Reaction Time, Artificial Grammar Learning, and Repetition Priming, Exams of Psychology

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Implicit Memory and Memory

Systems

PSY 400, Human Memory

March 31, 2004

Housekeeping

• You should have everything back.
• I’m shooting for Monday to go over the exam.
• Next experiment is Implicit memory, due week from today.
• Third exam on last class (Apr 26), review previous class

Overview of Today’s Material

• Implicit memory: Tasks
  1. The serial reaction time task.
  2. Artificial grammar learning
  3. Priming and word fragment completion
• Memory Systems: Theoretical perspectives on implicit memory

Implicit memory tests

• Different types of study/test
• Table 7.1.
• Usually direct test, intentional study.
• “Implicit memory” uses indirect test, incidental study

Implicit memory

• Much debate about learning in the absence of awareness.
• Perhaps unconscious memory?
• Perhaps hard to verbalize?

Subliminal learning a bunch of hooey

• You may have heard of the “Buy popcorn” experiment
• It apparently never happened.
• In implicit memory studies, subjects are aware of the stimuli, but not necessarily their memory for them.

The Hebb effect

• You do serial recall (like in a memory span test)
• Every so often, you present the same list.
• Ss do better on the repeated lists, but have no awareness that it’s repeated.

The serial reaction time task

(Let’s give it a try)

The serial reaction time task (SRTT)

Subjects respond faster w/learning

Repetition priming

• Ss study a list of words (typically incidental instructions)
• Afterwards, Ss are asked to complete word fragments.
• e.g. o ogg n, ss si
• Sometimes “stem completion,” e.g. BAN—-

Repetition priming results

• You more likely to complete the fragments with words from the list (where possible).
• A control group gets the task without completions from the list.
• The difference between the experimental and control groups referred to as priming.

Interference effects in fragment

completion

• Study pairs (e.g. shirt-window).
• Two types of memory test given the same cue: shirt-win
• Direct test: complete the stem with a studied word.
• Indirect test: complete the stem with any word.

Indirect tests not subject to PI/RI

• Table 7.
• Perhaps there’s a totally different memory for the indirect task?
• Perhaps you probe the same memory differently?
• What if you just ignore the first word in the indirect task?