Input and Output Devices: Keyboards, Mice, Touchscreens, and More, Slides of Music

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Input and Output

Input

 Input is any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer.

Input Devices

 An input device is any hardware component that allows users to enter data and instructions into a computer.  Depending on the application and your particular requirements, the input devices selected may vary.

The Keyboard

 A keyboard is an input devices that contains keys users press to enter data and instructions into a computer.  Usually have from 101 to 105 keys, including the letters of the alphabet, numbers, punctuation marks, and other basic keys.  Many have a numeric keypad on the right side of the keyboard.

The Keyboard

 Function keys, labeled with the letter F followed by a number, are special keys programmed to issue commands to a computer.  To issue commands, users often can press a function key in combination with other special keys (SHIFT, CTRL, ALT, and others)

The Keyboard

 Keyboards also often have a WINDOWS key(s) and an APPLICATION key. ◦ The WINDOWS key displays the Windows Start menu. ◦ The APPLICATION key displays an item’s shortcut menu.  A toggle key is a key that switches between two states each time a user presses the key. ◦ Num Lock, Caps Lock, Scroll Lock

The Keyboard

 Desktop computer keyboards often attach via a cable to a USB port or a keyboard port on the system unit.  A wireless keyboard is a battery-powered device that transmits data to the system unit using wireless technology.

Keyboard Ergonomics

 Many keyboards have a rectangular shape with the keys aligned in straight, horizontal rows.  Users who spend a lot of time typing on these keyboards sometimes experience repetitive strain injuries (RSI).  An ergonomic keyboard has a design that reduces the chance of wrist and hand injuries.

Keyboards for Mobile Computers

and Mobile Devices

 On notebook computers and some handheld computers the keyboard is built in the top of the system unit.  To fit in these mobile computers and devices, the keyboards usually are smaller and have fewer keys.  Many smart phones can display an on-screen keyboard, where you can press the on- screen keys using a stylus or your finger.  Some have predictive text input, where you start to type a word and software predicts the word you want.

Pointing Devices

 A pointing devices is an input devices that allows a user to control a pointer on the screen.  In a graphical user interface, a pointer is a small symbol on the screen, whose location and shape change as a user moves a pointing device.  They are used to move the insertion point, select objects, and click buttons.

Mouse

 The top and sides of a mouse have one to four buttons; some also have a wheel.  An optical mouse uses devices that emit and sense light to detect the mouse’s movement.

Mouse

 Many types connect with a cable that attaches to a USB port or a mouse port on the system unit.  A wireless mouse is a battery-powered device that transmits data using wireless technology, such as Bluetooth or IrDA.

Other Pointing Devices

 Trackball, Touchpad, Pointing Stick, Touch Screen, Touch-sensitive Pads, Stylus, Pen, Signature Capture Pad, and Graphics Tablet.

Trackball

 A trackball is a stationary pointing device with a ball on its top or side.  To move the pointer, rotate the ball.