IP Addressing Format - Networking - Lecture Slides, Slides of Computer Networks

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IP Addressing Format

Questions

• How many bits are there in a TCP/IP address?
• Name the components of a typical TCP/IP address?
• What is the difference between the old IPv4 and the new

IPv6 addresses?

• Explain the difference between network ID and host ID.
• Name the classes of IP addresses. What are the purpose

and function of each class of addressing

• Compute the number of networks and hosts that can be

supported in each class of address.

Chapter Modules

• IP Address Format and Components
• Classes of Addresses
• Scope of Addresses and Restrictions

Module 1

IP Address Format

IP Address Format

32 bits divided into 4 octets for convenience

Converted into decimals for easy

representation and remembrance

An Example in Binary-to-Decimal Conversion

Binary 1 0 0 1 Factor 8 4 2 1 Decimal= Binary * Factor 8 0 0 1 8+ = 9

Binary 1001 = Decimal 9

The New IP Address

• The new IP address known as IPv6 has 128 bits
  • www.whatis.com

IP Component Reference

Internet

Host ID

Host ID

Network ID

Module 2

Classes of IP Addresses

Classes of IP Addresses

• IP addresses have been divided into classes
  • They are namely Classes A, B C, D and E
• Classes A, B and C are used for commercial purpose
• Class D is used for multicasting
• Class E is used for experimental purpose

Subnetting

• There is no strict rule as to who may use a certain class of address
• An enterprise such as an ISP can own a large Class B address space and subnet it into smaller spaces for its customers

Class D

• Reserved for IP multicasting
• The first four higher-order bits are set to 1 1 1 0 respectively
• Microsoft supports Class D addresses for multicasting
• Multicasting is the process of delivering media over the Internet at reduced bandwidths

Unicasting

3 Streams

Multicasting

1 Stream on Internet 3 Streams Locally