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Lab Frog Dissection Internal Part II, Slides of Anatomy

Anatomy

Label the diagram of the reproductive and excretory systems of a male (left) and female (right) frog: Word bank: fat bodies, kidneys, ureters, cloaca, testis, ...

Typology: Slides

2022/2023

Uploaded on 03/01/2023

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Lab Frog Dissection Internal Part II.docx Page 1 of 5
STUDENT LABORATORY — Frog Dissection Internal Part II
Grade
(Out of 20):
Lab
Credits:
Full Name: ___________________________________________ Lab Date: __________
Lab Section: _______ Lab Instructor: _____________________ Credit: 1 lab period
Standards:
• Common Core Standards: Reading: 3,4,5,7
• Living Environment Core Curriculum Standards: Dissect plant and/ or animal specimens to expose and identify
structures
Objectives:
To investigate how the internal structures of a frog adapt it to life on land and water.
To compare body systems of a frog to those of a human.
LABORATORY EXERCISE
*Note — This lab is due at the end of the lab period or as directed by your instr uctor. Your instructor may modify the lab based on time.
Pre-lab:
1. What is the purpose of the fat bodies? Why are these structures important to the frog?
2. What is the secretion of the gall bladder? What is its role in digestion?
3. Name the thin tissue that holds the organs in place in the body cavity.
4. Label the diagram of the reproductive and excretory systems of a male (left) and female (right) frog: Word bank: fat
bodies, kidneys, ureters, cloaca, testis, oviduct.
(7 pts.)
pf3
pf4
pf5

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Download Lab Frog Dissection Internal Part II and more Slides Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity!

STUDENT LABORATORY — Frog Dissection Internal Part II

Grade

(Out of 20):

Lab

Credits:

Full Name: ___________________________________________ Lab Date: __________

Lab Section: _______ Lab Instructor: _____________________ Credit: 1 lab period

Standards:

  • Common Core Standards: Reading: 3,4,5,
  • Living Environment Core Curriculum Standards: Dissect plant and/ or animal specimens to expose and identify structures Objectives: To investigate how the internal structures of a frog adapt it to life on land and water. To compare body systems of a frog to those of a human. LABORATORY EXERCISE _Note — This lab is due at the end of the lab period or as directed by your instructor. Your instructor may modify the lab based on time._* Pre-lab:
  1. What is the purpose of the fat bodies? Why are these structures important to the frog?
  2. What is the secretion of the gall bladder? What is its role in digestion?
  3. Name the thin tissue that holds the organs in place in the body cavity.
  4. Label the diagram of the reproductive and excretory systems of a male (left) and female (right) frog: Word bank : fat bodies, kidneys, ureters, cloaca, testis, oviduct. ( 7 pts.)

Internal Anatomy of the Frog

  1. ¨ The pancreas , is feather-shaped organ located just dorsal to the stomach and attached to the bile duct by a small tube, the pancreatic duct. Locate and observe it (*Note — The pancreas can be challenging to find).
  2. ¨ The small intestines appear as a long coiled tube of small diameter. Trace the small intestine toward the posterior of the frog using the blunt probe. Be careful not to tear any tissue. The small intestine joins the much shorter but wider large intestine.
  3. ¨ Just anterior to the anus, and located between the hind legs, the large intestine is joined by the urinary bladder , a two-lobed, thin-walled sac that may be lying on top of to one side of the large intestine.
  4. ¨ Remove the entire alimentary canal (digestive system) in one long piece including: the esophagus, the stomach, small intestine and large intestine. Place it on the sheet.
  5. ¨ The small intestine ( which you already removed ) is twisted into a helical form by the mesentery (a thin, fan- shaped membrane). Carefully loosen and cut the membrane (*Note — this can be difficult and requires a gentle touch and patience). Notice how long the small intestine is once it is unwound. Note the relative size of the stomach and the length of the small intestine. The spleen is visible as a pea-sized, dark-red sphere attached to the mesentery between the stomach and the large intestine. 10. ¨ Carefully cut the stomach open lengthwise, and the large intestine. Examine the contents using the hand lens. Describe the contents of the stomach and/or large intestine.
  6. ¨ Urine is produced in the kidneys. Urine passes through tubes to the cloaca where it can be released or stored temporarily in the bladder. The frog can use urination as a defense mechanism (if you have ever picked up a frog you may already know this!). Locate the flat, dark reddish-brown kidneys deep in the abdominal cavity up against each side of the backbone.
  7. ¨ In male frogs each yellowish, oval-shaped testis sits on the ventral surface of each kidney. The testes are attached to the kidneys by tubes. Interestingly, in many species of frogs, males have vestigial (structures in an organism that have lost their original function, but have been retained through evolution) oviducts attached to the cloaca called Mullerian tubes.
  8. ¨ In female frogs the two ovaries appear as egg sacs. Eggs released from the ovaries enter a long, coiled, cream- colored oviduct near the lungs. Eggs pass down the oviduct in single file and are held in an ovisac before entering the cloaca where they are released. As they pass through the cloaca, the eggs are coated with a jellylike material that swells as they enter the water.
  9. ¨ During mating , the male frog grasps the female using enlarged thumb-pads in an embrace called amplexus. The male releases sperm and the female eggs, from their respective cloacae at the same time into the water. The sperm fertilize the eggs externally. Why do you think amplexus is an adaptation for externally fertilizing animals like the frog?
  1. ¨ Remove the kidneys and place them on your sheet. If your frog is male, remove the testes and Mullerian tubes if present, and place them on your sheet. If you frog is female, remove the oviducts and ovisacs and place them on your sheet (*Note — the ovisacs store the eggs and thus would have been removed during the previous lab if you removed your frog’s eggs).
  2. ¨ Have your teacher sign the lab group dissection sheet.
  3. ¨ Congratulations! You have completed part two of exploring the internal anatomy of the frog.
  4. ¨ Clean up! a. ¨ Remove the pins from your frog b. ¨ Follow your lab teacher’s instructions on how to dispose of the frog. c. ¨ Get rid of any small frog pieces in your dissecting pan before rinsing it as to not clog the sink. d. ¨ Wash, rinse and dry your tools and tray. e. ¨ Spray and wipe your lab bench. f. ¨ Follow any other directions from your lab instructor for cleanup. Analysis Questions:
  5. Based on today’s lab, describe two examples of how frogs are adapted for life on land and/or water. Cite your observations. _Note — Hand this lab in at the end of the lab period or as directed by your lab instructor._* (4 pts.)