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Informatics Database Management Informatics Database Management

DATABASE MANAGEMENT A

UNIT 1

Database Management

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Database Management

DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATABASES

(INTRO)

• (^) Database (db) – a shared, integrated computer structure storing a collection of: - (^) End-user data - (^) Metadata (data about data)
• (^) Database management system (DBMS) – a collection of programs managing database structure and access to the stored data
• (^) The DBMS bridges the gap between end-user and db

Database Management

DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATABASES

(C.)

• (^) A DBMS supports many different types of databases
  • (^) Number of users determines the classification of a database as either single-user or multiuser
  • (^) Single-user dbs support one user at a time
  • (^) Single-user dbs running on PCs are called desktop dbs
  • (^) Multiuser dbs support multiple users at the same time
  • (^) A workgroup is a multiuser db limited to 50 users or less / a specific department
  • (^) An enterprise db supports greater than 50 users / the entire organization

Database Management

DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATABASES

(C.)

Advantages of the DBMS

• (^) Improved data sharing
• (^) Improved data security
• (^) Better data integration
• (^) Minimized data inconsistency
• (^) Improved data access

Database Management

DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATABASES

(C.)

• (^) An operational database/transactional/production db supports an organization’s day-to-day transactions.
• (^) A data warehouse deals mainly with historical data used to generate information required to make tactical or strategic decisions.

Database Management

DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATABASES

(C.)

• (^) Today’s data are semi-structured
  • (^) Semistructured data are pre-processed to some degree
  • (^) Web pages present data in a prearranged format to convey some information

Database Management

DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATABASES

(C.)

• (^) The storage and management needs for unstructured and semi-structured are handled through XML dbs - (^) An Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a special language used to represent and manipulate data elements in a text format - (^) An XML db supports storage and management of semi- structured XML data

Database Management

DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATABASES

(C.)

Comparison of a database and a file systems

Database Management

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOME 2

Outline the different types of databases Understand the evolution of file systems data processing Understand the importance of good database design Break down the database system’s main components Outline the main functions of a database management system

Database Management

EVOLUTION OF FILE PROCESSING

SYSTEMS (C.)

• (^) Manual file systems
  • (^) These systems were manual and paper-based
  • (^) This was made possible through file folders and filing cabinets
• (^) Computerized file systems
  • (^) Originally, the computer files and manual files were essentially similar

Database Management

PROBLEMS WITH FILE PROCESSING

SYSTEMS

• (^) Lengthy development times
  • (^) The simple data-retrieval task required extensive programming
  • (^) Programmers specified what must be done and how it should be done
• (^) Difficulty of getting quick answers
  • (^) Writing programs to produce a simple report made ad hoc queries impossible

Database Management

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOME 3

Outline the different types of databases Understand the evolution of file systems data processing Understand the importance of good database design Break down the database system’s main components Outline the main functions of a database management system

Database Management

GOOD DB DESIGN

• (^) Data v. information
  • (^) Data are raw facts
  • (^) Information is the processed and refined facts to expose meaning
• (^) Data constitute the building blocks of information
• (^) Information is the result of data processing
• (^) Information is used to reveal the meaning of data
• (^) Good decision making is conditional upon accurate,

relevant, and timely information