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Introduction
This module presents the Psychoanalytic Theory proposed by Sigmund Freud. In this lesson, you will know the different levels of mental life, components of personality and the stages of psychosexual development. There are activities provided for you to answer intently to measure how much you have learned from this module. Your reflection is likewise important to ensure that learning really took place.
Cite implications of Freud’s theory to
education
- Identify the different stages of Freud’s Psychosexual development
- Describe each stage of Freud’s Psychosexual development
- Explain the erogenous zones and fixation of each stage of psychosexual development
- Explain Freud’s personality components
- Explain the role of each component to the development of one’s personality
As you journey on this lesson, you are expected to:
Are you ready for today’s lesson? This time, you are
tasked to read the texts below and be able to comprehend it
well.
Conscious
- Consciousness – are mental elements in awareness at any given point in time.
- The only level of mental life directly available to us
- Ideas can reach consciousness from perceptual conscious system and mental structure.
- Perceptual conscious system – turned toward the outer world and acts a medium for the perception of external stimuli.
- Mental structure – includes nonthreatening ideas from the preconscious as well as menacing but well-disguised images from the unconscious. Components of Freud’s Personality
- Id (das Es or “it”)
- A child is born with the id
- It operates on the pleasure principle
- It focuses on the immediate gratification or satisfaction of needs
- It doesn’t consider reality, logicality or practicality of the situation
- Ego (das Ich or “I”)
- It slowly begins as a child relates more with environment
- It operates using the reality principle
- It is aware that others also have needs to be met.
- It is practical because it knows that being impulsive or selfish can result to negative consequences late.
- It reasons and considers the best response to situations.
- It is the deciding agent of the personality.
- It functions to help the id meet its needs but always takes into account the reality of the situation.
- Superego (das Uber-Ich or “over-I’)
- It develops near the end of preschool years or phallic stage.
- It embodies the moral aspect of a person.
- This develops from what the parents, teachers and other persons who exert influence to be good or moral.
- It is likened to conscience because it exerts influence on what one considers right and wrong.
Remember:
- A well-adjusted person is one who has strong ego, who can help satisfy the needs of the id without going against the superego while maintain the person’s sense of what is logical, practical and real.
- If the id exerts too much power over the ego, the person becomes too impulsive and pleasure-seeking behavior takes over one’s life.
- If the superego is strong that the ego is overpowered, the person becomes to harsh and judgmental to himself and other’s actions. The person’s best effort to be good may still fall short of the superego’s expectations.
- The ability of a learner to be well-adjusted is largely influenced by how the learner was brought up. His experiences about his parents met his needs, the extent to which he was allowed to do the things he wanted to do, and also how he was taught about right and wrong.
- Personality of an individual is formed early during the childhood years. Terms to Remember
- Erogenous Zone – a specific area that becomes the focus of pleasure needs. This may be the mouth, anus or genitals.
- Fixation – results from failure to satisfy the needs of a particular psychosexual stage.
Phallic Stage ( 3 to 6 years) During preschool age, children become interested in what makes boys and girls different They may be seen fondling their genitals Freud’s believe that boys develop unconscious sexual desire for their mother’s affection. Boys may fear that their father will punish them for these feelings- develop castration anxiety. These feelings is called Oedipus Complex. Girls may also have similar experience, developing unconscious sexual attraction towards their father called Electra Complex. Genitals Sexual deviances (both overindulging and avoidance) and weak or confused sexual identity according to psychoanalysts Latency Stage (6 to puberty) Sexual urges remain repressed during this stage They focus on acquisition of physical and academic skills. Boys usually relate with boys and girls with girls Genitals but aims are inhibited Repression of sexual drive Genital Stage (puberty onwards) Starts at puberty when sexual urges are once again awakened genitals where mouth, anus and other pleasure- producing areas as auxiliary Masturbation and other sexual acts
- Describe in your own words the different stages of Freud’s psychosexual development.
Direction: Do the task below and write your answers briefly and concisely. Now that you have read the text above, it is expected that you are ready to answer the following exercises. Please answer them honestly and with sincerity.
Directions: After knowing the psychoanalytic theory and psychosexual development, what implications can you give in relation to education? You can cite as many as you can with a minimum of 5. Implications of Freud's Theory to Education
Direction: Write your reflection about the topic in 150 words. Since you are done with all the activities above, it’s time for you to reflect about the topic. Are you ready? From the topic about Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory, I realized that…
