More Working Memory
PSY 373, Human Memory
March 1, 2007
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Baddeley and Hitch's Working Memory Model: The Phonological Loop and Its Evidence - Prof. , Study notes of Psychology
A portion of a university lecture note from a human memory course (psy 373) focusing on baddeley and hitch's working memory model, specifically the phonological loop. The concept, evidence, and effects of the phonological loop, such as the phonological similarity effect, articulatory suppression, and the word-length effect.
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More Working Memory
PSY 373, Human Memory
March 1, 2007
Housekeeping
-^ Hand in your Sternberg Search Experiment report. •^ Next experiment is Phonological Similarity, due3/20 (first class after spring break) •^ Next exam March 29.
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The phone company’s many contributions to science (an aside on
private research funding)
-^ Physics:
Cosmic
background
radiation,
semiconductor, laser. • Computer science: C, Unix • Cognitive science:
The Sternberg task,
latent
semantic indexing.MP3!
Overview of today’s material
-^ Baddeley and Hitch’s Working Memory(review). •^ Data
pertaining
arguing
for
the
phonological loop • Focus switching and working memory
Baddeley and Hitch model of working
memory (4.1)
-^ “Slave
systems”—places
to^
hold
information of different types. • A “central executive” to determine whatinformation goes where. • The “phonological loop” has received themost attention.
The Phonological loop
-^ Name
comes
from
old-fashioned
tape
delay loops • Finite amount of “tape.” • Subject to phonological interference • Maintained
by^
“articulatory
control
processes” (subvocal speech)
Evidence for the phonological loop
business
-^ Phonological similarity effect. •^ Articulatory suppression. •^ Irrelevant speech effect. •^ Word-length effect.
How would this be consistent with a
phonological loop?
Logic of articulatory suppression
-^ To get visual letters into loop, you needto say them to yourself. •^ If that could be prevented, then thereshouldn’t
be
a
phonological
similarity
effect for vis. presented items. • Articulatory suppression is supposed toaccomplish this.
Articulatory suppression picture
Phonological
Loop
‘‘thethethe’’
Details of articulatory suppression
(table 4.1)
-^ Articulatory suppression removes phon.sim effect for vis. pres. •^ Still similarity effect for auditory items. •^ Performance worse for auditory. •^ Why is this?
Phonological similarity and the loop • Visual
presentation
results
in
visual
information
plus
auditory
information
from internal speech. • Auditory
presentation
lacks
visual
information. • Blocking loop with articulatory speechcauses V to rely on V information.
-^ Auditory pres always interfered with.