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The motivations of the main characters, Augustus Waters and Hazel Grace, in John Green's novel 'The Fault in Our Stars'. The analysis focuses on their extrinsic motivations, such as following quotes in Augustus's house and the love and support of their families, which help them cherish their lives despite their life-threatening illnesses.
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Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters
By
Student Number: 124214011
ii
Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters
By
Student Number: 124214011
vii
“But those who trust in the Lord will be
blessed. They know that the Lord will do what
he says”
viii
Isaiah 43:4a
x
TITLE PAGE ....................................................................................................ii APPROVAL PAGE ..........................................................................................iii ACCEPTANCE PAGE .....................................................................................iv LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH ............................................ v STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY ................................................................vi MOTTO PAGE .................................................................................................vii DEDICATION PAGE .......................................................................................viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..............................................................................ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................x ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................xii ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .................................................................... A. Background of the Study .................................................................... B. Problem Formulation .......................................................................... C. Objectives of the Study ...................................................................... D. Definition of Terms ............................................................................
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE ................................................ A. Review of Related Studies .................................................................. B. Review of Related Theories ...............................................................
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY ................................................................ A. Object of the Study ............................................................................. B. Approach of the Study ........................................................................ C. Method of the Study ...........................................................................
CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS ............................................................................. A. Augustus Waters and Hazel Grace’s Characterization .......................
- b. After Meeting Augustus Waters - i. Loving................................................................... - ii. Considerate - their life ............................................................................................. B. The Motivation of Augustus and Hazel Grace to cherish xiii
DAMAYANTI, LIA. The Motivation of the Main Characters to Cherish Their Life as Seen in John Green’s The Fault in Our Stars. Yogyakarta: Program Studi Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sanata Dharma, 2016. Penulis membahas tentang motivasi tokoh utama Hazel Grace dan Augustus Waters dalam novel The Fault in Our Stars karya John Green. Novel tersebut bercerita tentang kehidupan, kematian dan cinta yang terjalin antara Hazel Grace dan Augustus Waters. Hazel Grace merupakan seorang gadis berusia enam belas tahun yang mengidap penyakit kanker, sedangkan Augustus Waters, seorang pemuda berusia tujuh belas tahun juga mengidap penyakit osteosarkoma. Mereka bertemu di kelompok pendukung kanker dan mulai memiliki rasa satu sama lain. Mereka memiliki mimpi dan tujuan bersama yang membuat mereka kuat dan semangat dalam menjalani kehidupannya melawan penyakit yang dideritanya. Penulis menganalisis motivasi tokoh utama untuk bisa bertahan hidup dalam memperjuangkan mimpi dan cintanya. Ada dua masalah yang dirumuskan oleh penulis yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis motivasi dari kedua tokoh utama tersebut. Yang pertama adalah menemukan karakteristik dari masing-masing karakter yang terdapat di novel. Yang kedua adalah menemukan motivasi-motivasi dari karakter utama dalam menjalani kehidupannya. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode data kepustakaan. Data utama diambil dari novel yang berjudul The Fault in Our Stars karya John Green. Untuk mendukung analisa ini, penulis menggunakan artikel-artikel dari berbagai buku serta data dari internet. Ada dua teori yang diaplikasikan di dalam penelitian ini, teori karakter dan penokohan serta teori motivasi. Pendekatan psikologi juga digunakan dalam analisis ini. Dari analisis ini menemukan bahwa Hazel Grace adalah seorang penyayang dan peduli. Karakteristik ini di pengaruhi oleh kehadiran Augustus Waters, seorang lelaki yang ia cintai. Sebelum mengenal Augustus, Hazel merupakan seorang yang pesimis dan tidak suka bersosialisasi dengan orang di sekitar. Ia tidak ingin terlalu dekat dengan orang lain karena ia tidak ingin melukai hatinya dengan kematiannya. Sedangkan Augustus adalah seorang yang optimis dan peduli terhadap orang sekitar. ia ingin membuat orang sekitar merasa bahagia akan kehadirannya. Augustus adalah seorang yang spontanitas. Ia berani secara langsung mengungkapkan perasaannya terhadap orang lain. Hal-hal yang membuat Hazel dan Augustus termotivasi dapat dilihat melalui teori-teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Augustus memiliki niat yang kuat untuk membuat orang sekitar bahagia. Ia juga ingin menggapai mimpinya bersama Hazel. sedangkan Hazel ingin lebih menghormati dan peduli terhadap orang sekitar. Ia juga ingin menggapai mimpi yang selama ini ia inginkan serta ingin membuat Augustus merasa bahagia dan optimis dalam menjalani kehidupannya.
A. Background of the Study
People in the world have their own spirit and motivation in life that is
different from each other. People are motivated to achieve their goals, necessities
and instincts. It can also be said that motivation shows reasons for behaviors and
indicate why people act in a certain way. Motivated behavior is an energetic,
oriented and continued behavior (ijhssnet.com, 2013).
Literature functions as the media between work of art and life described
through words or texts. Literature is also a part of human’s life. It is stated by
Johnson and Danziger that:
Perhaps the oldest and most venerable way of describing literature as an art is to regard it as a form of imitation. This defines literature in relation to life, seeing it as a way of reproducing or recreating the experiences of life in words, just as painting reproduces or recreates certain figures or scenes of life in outline and color (1961: 8).
From the statement above, it means that literature is the reflection of a real life. It
consists of characters, plot and interaction in form of dialogue and also creates a
value based on those elements. Literature can be the experience of life that is
described in words, so that people can create and produce it. People who have
motivation in their life actually are more determined in living their life because
they feel like they have a sort of purposes, plans and targets in their life. Therefore
with literature, it can portray the motivation of people through character and plot
in the story.
fact that she was diagnosed with cancer causes her to perceive that her life was
worthless, so that she has no motivation in her life and just do whatever she wants
and it makes her life more worthless and not productive. Yet after meeting
Augustus Waters whom she falls in love with in a support group for children
battling with cancer, her life drastically changed. Both of them are dealing with
cancer, love and book throughout their life. Hazel Grace feels like she has a new
spirit and motivation to live and reach her dream.
The Fault in Our Stars is an extraordinary novel because this novel does
not only portray about love and teenager, but also portray the value and the
meaning of life and death, as stated by Milo:
Hazel and Augustus are fantastically drawn and the voice of them both is very funny and very well done. It is not a sick lit novel, despite having many of the trappings associated with the genre, it is story about two people in love, one of whom has cancer. It also has a certain philosophical bent in which it discusses the meaning of life and death (Milo, 2014).
This novel tells the readers about love, life, motivation and also death. The author
made the story out of darkness and make such as a little humor in this story.
The aspects that the writer wants to analyze are about the motivation of
both Augustus Waters and Hazel Grace to cherish their life using the theory in
motivation. The chosen topic is interesting because the writer can get a chance to
examine the motivation of the characters in doing something that they have not
done, which is cherishing their life.
B. Problem Formulation
Considering the background of the study above, the writer formulates the
problem into the questions below:
Hazel Grace) described in the story?
Grace) to cherish their life?
C. Objectives of the Study
The aim of this study is surely to answer those formulated problems. The
writer investigates the characteristics of the main characters, Augustus Waters and
Hazel Grace in the novel. This analysis helps the writer to understand the
characteristics of those characters in novel The Fault in Our Stars. It will be
analyzed through Murphy’s nine ways of charaterization in his book entitled
Understanding Unseen. The aim of analyzing the characteristics of both Augustus
Waters and Hazel Grace is to show the way they perceive their life journey.
After the writer investigates the characteristics of those characters, the
writer analyze the motivations of those characters in cherishing their life using the
theory of motivation. The theory of motivation is important to show the reason
behind their motivation in cherishing their life although they face certain obstacles
in their life. In this case, the obstacle in both Augustus Waters and Hazel Grace’
life is an incurable disease that they suffer.
In this chapter, theoretical review is divided into three parts. They are
review of related studies, review of related theories and theoretical framework. In
the review of related studies, the writer deals with some reviews from different
writers and story. Yet, those reviews are still related to the writer’s study. Not
only that, it also deals with the comments, information or criticisms that are
related to the novel The Fault in Our Stars. The review of theories presents the
theories that are used and related to the study. The last is the theoretical
framework explains the contribution of the theories that are used in this study.
A. Review of Related Studies
The Fault in Our Stars is a young adult novel that is realistic fiction
novel written by John Green. The novel was influenced by Esther Earl, a girl
whom Green be friended with who died when she was 16 years old of thyroid
cancer. This girl gives Green inspiration to finally write this novel and dedicate it
for her.
In this part, the writer takes some studies, which were conducted by
another writer related to the concept of motivation. Naomi Pfefferman in an article
“The Fault in Our Stars” Screenwriting Team Inspired by Personal Grief , in a
journal jewishjournal.com, states that:
It’s about young people trying to figure out their future and their place in the world. There’s a happy-sad undertone that is bittersweet, not bitter,
which is sort of our sweet spot as writers. It’s Hazel and Gus dealing with practical, real-life issues, as best they can (Pfefferman, 2014).
From the statement above, it means that this novel The Fault in Our Stars tells the
readers about young people’s life who are trying to reach their dreams and their
future in life. The main characters, Hazel and Augustus are dealing with the
problems that appear in their life. Both of them keep trying to deal with those
problems and also keep their spirit as best as they can in order to figure out their
future. This study is related to the writer’s study because the writer intends to
discover something new by the theory of motivation. It means that this study is
intended to find another reason of Hazel and Augustus in cherishing their life that
is not the same as their intention to figure out their future.
Another study is a thesis written by Esther Yulia Kurniawaty in her
undergraduate thesis titled “ James’ Motivation for Survival as seen in his Struggle
Against Poverty in Marc Cerasini’s Cinderella Man”. Kurniawaty stated that:
He is an example of husband and father who are responsible, loyal honest, persistent, confident, proud and courageous. Those characteristics are manifested in James behavior and it helps him struggle for survival against poverty. His care for family and his dignity of a boxer require him to work hard feed his family and win the Heavyweight Championship of the world (Kurniawaty, 2013: xii).
According to the quotation above, Kurniawaty emphasizes that the motivation of
James’s struggle against poverty is because he wants to maintain his dignity as the
one who takes care of his family. The other motivation is because James wants to
maintain his characteristics as an ideal father and husband in his family. This study
aims to develop the studies conducted by Kurniawaty because the writer analyzes
the same concept of motivation, but in another story. The writer intends to analyze