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NUR 198 FINAL EXAM-QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS | 2026 UPDATE
An older adult comes in with new onset of confusion. What should you do first? Rule out physiological possibilities then test for delirium Chronic Condition Diseases that can be treated but not cured, prolonged and progressive Safety risks for visually impaired older adults Physiological changes in Older Adults Which medication do you administer for a potassium of 5.8? Sodium polystyrene Acid/Base imbalance that causes flu-like symptoms with hyperactive reflexes and a new onset of confusion Metabolic alkalosis Complications of potassium imbalance Arrhthymias First symptom of acidosis hyperventilation How to prevent edema in extremities post-op elevation
Role of the circulating nurse Document and time out Post-Op teaching should include Teaching about leg exercises, IS, Deep Breathing, TED hose, ambulation Best nutrient to promote wound healing post-operatively protein Appropriate med for low-moderate pain Nonpharm methods and/or nonopioids Major side effect of opioids respiratory depression Pain medication modalities during the post-op phase PCA, nerve blocks Pain Scales FACES, number, non-verbal cues Electrolyte that should be monitored when a patient is having vomiting and severe diarrhea potassium Which 3 assessment findings that are most significant? □Temperature 101.4 F (38.5 C)
associated: iv methylprednisolone, administer po acetaminophen for fever, encourage flutter valve or acapella use, encourage pursed lip breathing, monitor wbc. What should the nurse teach the client before discharge about the treatment plan? Select all that apply.
- Continue to increase fluid intake.
- If feeling better (no SOB or fever), can stop taking the prednisone.
- Can continue flutter valve or acapella at least 3-4 times daily.
- Increase oxygen level to 5-6 L/minute whenever short of breath.
- Obtain pneumococcal and flu vaccine at next provider visit.
- Eat smaller, more frequent high-calorie, high-protein meals.
- Avoid all exercise for at least 3 months.
- Consider strategies to stop smoking.
- continue to increase fluid intake
- can continue flutter valve or acapella at least 3-4 times daily
- obtain pneumococcal and flu baccine at next provider visit.
- eat smaller, more frequent high calorie, high protein meals
- consider strategies to stop smoking For each potential client statement, click to specify whether the statement indicates an understanding, or no understanding of discharge teaching provided.
understanding: 1,2,4,6, not understanding: 3, 5 if patient is experiencing an exacerbation of COPD, what is the proper action to take and parameter to monitor? administer iv glucocorticoid, administer iv abx, and monitor ABG and WBC what are the treatments for atrial fibrillation? select all that apply metoprolol cardioversion defibrillation digoxin metoprolol, cardioversion, digoxin Angina is most likely from what? Coronary arteriosclerosis You see V-tach, what do you do first? administer amiodarone defibrillate the patient check the pulse call the doctor check the pulse
manifestations of an MI: select all that apply chest pain diaphoresis dyspnea nausea chest pain diaphoresis dyspnea nausea A patient has a heart cath through the right femoral artery. How do you check patency? Check the L Femoral pulse Check the L Brachial pulse Check the R pedal pulse Check the R radial pulse Check the R pedal pulse Education for patient being discharged after DVT: Avoid anticoagulation therapy Flex knees and feet frequently Sit for 3-4 hours at a time
Avoid walking long distances Flex knees and feet frequently Your patient states they have chest pain during a stress test. what do you do? Have them walk faster Defibrillate the patient Tell them it's normal Stop the test Stop the test Patient reports shortness of breath and chest pain. What test should be performed first? CT Scan EKG debfibrillation heart catheterization EKG clinical manifestations of hepatic encephalopathy. minor mental changes, motor disturbances, decreased level of consciousness, somnolent, and restlessness
A."I have had unprotected sex with partners." B."I ate shellfish about two weeks ago at a local restaurant." C."I was an intravenous drug abuser in the past." D. "I had a blood transfusion 30 years ago after major abdominal surgery." B."I ate shellfish about two weeks ago at a local restaurant." A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing an acute episode of cholecystitis. Which of the following clinical manifestations support this diagnosis? Select all that apply. A.Fever B.Urinary hesitancy C.Positive Cullen sign D.Complaints of indigestion E.Black, tarry stores F.Palpable mass in the left upper quadrant G.Pain in the upper right quadrant after a fatty meal H.Vague lower right quadrant abdominal discomfort A, D, G A client with cirrhosis of the liver is diagnosed with portal hypertension. Which of the following clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to observed based upon this diagnosis? Select all that apply. A.Barrett esophagus B.Ascites C.Esophageal varices
D.Jaundice E.Spider angiomas F.Impaired coagulation G.Thrombocytopenia B, C A client is admitted with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Which of the following healthcare provider prescriptions does the nurse anticipate? A.Maintain hydration with intravenous fluids. B.Clear liquid diet as tolerated. C.Ibuprofen 600 mg by mouth every 4 hours as needed for pain. D.Calcium carbonate 1,000 mg by mouth before meals. A Most accurate means of assessing for a UTI. urine culture The most accurate indicator of fluid loss or gain in an acutely ill client with a kidney disorder daily weight Used when a client is acutely ill until the kidneys resume normal function, or for long-term replacement of CKD and ESKD hemodialysis
A.Presence of a radial pulse in the wrist B.Visualization of enlarged blood vessels at the fistula site C.Palpation of a thrill over the fistula site D.Capillary refill less than three seconds in the nail beds C A nurse is caring for a client in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. Which of the following would the nurse expect to observe? Select all that apply. A.Hyperkalemia B.Hypotension C.Hyperphosphatemia D.Metabolic acidosis E.Bradycardia F.Respiratory alkalosis G.Hypernatremia A, C, D The nurse is performing an assessment on a client who has returned to the nursing unit following hemodialysis. The client is complaining of headache and nausea and is restless what is the priority nursing action? A.Monitor the client. B.Elevate the head of the bed. C.Assess the fistula site and dressing.
D.Notify the health care provider. D- disequilibrium syndrome A nurse is administering medications to an elderly client with chronic kidney disease. Which of the following medications would the nurse question due to its potential for negative effects on the renal system? Select all that apply. A.Metoprolol B.Ketorolac C.Pantoprazole D.Docusate E.Gentamycin F.Naproxen B, E, F Manifestations of celiac disease include all of the following except: Abdominal distention Weight Gain Abdominal pain Steatorrhea weight gain TRUE OR FALSE: Severity of symptoms does not correlate with duration of reflux? False
Pepto-Bismol PPI's The nurse is teaching a client about the best explanation of the cause of peptic ulcer formation:
- It is caused by a stressful lifestyle
- Peptic ulcer is inherited within families
- Promoted by a combination of factors leading to erosion of the GI mucosa
- Etiology are excess dietary fat, smoking, and H.pylori
- Promoted by a combination of factors leading to erosion of the GI mucosa Which of these should the nurse anticipate as a priority treatment for a client who has been vomiting for several days?
- Oral administration of broth and tea
- Replacement of fluids and electrolytes intravenously
- Administration of parenteral antiemetics
- Insertion of nasogastric tube for decompression of the stomach 2 Which is the best response from the nurse to a client with Cobalamin (vitamin B 12) injection: A. "These injections are to help you feel better."
B. "It will help you develop more strength and energy." C. "It will cause an increase in white blood cells to fight infections." D. "These vitamin B12 injections are to help prevent a type of anemia." D What should the nurse understandable ondansetron (zofran): A. It is a derivative of cannabis and has a potential for abuse. B. It relieves vomiting centrally by peripherally promoting gastric emptying C. Used with agents because of side effects of anxiety and hallucinations D. A strong antihistamine effect that provides sedation and induces sleep B The nurse teaches a client that the clinical manifestation unique to duodenal ulcers is: A. Decreased gastric acid secretion occurs B. Associated with an inefficient lower esophageal sphincter C. Pain is relieved with eating food D. There is burning and cramping in the upper-epigastric area C The nurse teaches that corticosteroids can cause peptic ulcers because of which pathophysiologic mechanism? A. The enzyme urease is produced
B. Filling of the duodenal bulb C. Pyloric stenosis D. Hiatal hernia D A client with GERD also has Barrett's Esophagus with minor cell changes. What should be integrated into the clients care? A. Liver function tests must be checked monthly. B. The client will be monitored closely to detect malignant changes. C. Urgent surgery to remove the affected esophageal tissue. D. A positive fecal occult blood test (FOBT) would be expected. B TRUE OR FALSE: omeprazole will reduce the amount of acid secreted in the stomach TRUE TRUE OR FALSE: a client with dumping syndrome should consume several small meals daily spaced at equal intervals TRUE Intermittent pain and bloody stool or common symptoms related to: A. Tumor of the small intestine B. Tumor of the stomach
C. Tumor of the large intestine D. Tumor of the esophagus A A home care nurse is working with a client who has osteoporosis. Which guideline for home safety would be most appropriate and preventing fractures in this client? A. keep lights on in the stairwell, with switches accessible at the top and bottom B. keep most items on lower shelves and in cupboards under the counter to avoid reaching high C. Cover all chords with a throw rug taped to the floor D. avoid using the shower and only use the bathtub to bathe every day A The nurse is completing a health screening for osteoporosis. Which client is at greatest risk for developing osteoporosis? A. a 45 year old client who is a distance runner B. a 56 year old client who has asthma C. a 70 year old client who consumes alcohol D. a 65 year old sedentary client who smokes cigarettes D A nurse employed in an industrial factory is called to an accident site in which an employee amputated an index finger on an electric saw. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply).
