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Nursing school lecture, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Nursing

Lincoln CollegeNursing

Lecture notes and study guides

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

2024/2025

Uploaded on 05/07/2026

grismely-de-jesus
grismely-de-jesus 🇺🇸

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OBSESSIVE- COMPULSIVE DISORDER(OCD)
o Obsessive: intrusive, unwanted thoughts or images causing distress
o Compulsions: repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce distress from
obsessions
ANXIETY AND OCD CYCLE
o Anxiety – obsessions- compulsions- temporary relief- cycle repeats
ALCOHOL ABUSE DISORDER
o Withdrawal S/S: tremors, sweating, nausea, insomnia, increased BP & RR, seizure.
o Delirium tremens (DTs) S/S: hallucinations, diaphoresis, HTN, agitation
• Withdrawal medications
o Beta-blockers(-LOL): reduce tachycardia and anxiety
o Benzodiazepines (chlordiazepoxide, diazepam): prevents seizures during
withdrawals
• Abstinence medications (Maintenance therapy)
▪ Disulfiram(Antabuse), naltrexone, acamprosate
▪ C/I: alcohol (mouth wash, cough syrup, aftershave lotion, hand sanitizer,
pure vanilla extract, windshield fluid)
▪ Encourage long term support through AA(to promote abstinence)
▪ Ask the patient the time of their last drink
▪ Ensure patient safety: Assist with ambulation, implement seizure
precautions (padded side rails)
▪ Avoid abrupt cessation to prevent severe withdrawal symptoms(seizures)
▪ Tapering withdrawals
COGNITIVE DISORDERS:
o Mini mental status exam (MMSE): evaluates cognitive function (orientation,
memory, attention and language, score : 30 pts, <24 indicates cognitive
impairments
EATING DISORDERS
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OBSESSIVE- COMPULSIVE DISORDER(OCD)

o Obsessive: intrusive, unwanted thoughts or images causing distress o Compulsions: repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce distress from obsessions ANXIETY AND OCD CYCLE o Anxiety – obsessions- compulsions- temporary relief- cycle repeats ALCOHOL ABUSE DISORDER o Withdrawal S/S: tremors, sweating, nausea, insomnia, increased BP & RR, seizure. o Delirium tremens (DTs) S/S: hallucinations, diaphoresis, HTN, agitation

  • Withdrawal medications o Beta-blockers(-LOL): reduce tachycardia and anxiety o Benzodiazepines (chlordiazepoxide, diazepam): prevents seizures during withdrawals
  • Abstinence medications (Maintenance therapy) ▪ Disulfiram(Antabuse), naltrexone, acamprosate ▪ C/I: alcohol (mouth wash, cough syrup, aftershave lotion, hand sanitizer, pure vanilla extract, windshield fluid) ▪ Encourage long term support through AA(to promote abstinence) ▪ Ask the patient the time of their last drink ▪ Ensure patient safety: Assist with ambulation, implement seizure precautions (padded side rails) ▪ Avoid abrupt cessation to prevent severe withdrawal symptoms(seizures) ▪ Tapering withdrawals COGNITIVE DISORDERS: o Mini mental status exam (MMSE): evaluates cognitive function (orientation, memory, attention and language, score : 30 pts, <24 indicates cognitive impairments EATING DISORDERS

o Anorexia Nervosa s/s: lanugo (fine body hair), amenorrhea, low BP, dehydration, constipation, intense fear of gaining weight despite being underweight ▪ Supervised meals: encourage food intake in a supportive environment ▪ Daily weight monitoring: prevent manipulation of weight ▪ Exercise restriction: avoid compulsive exercise behaviors ▪ Use reward base systems for meeting nutritional goals o Bulimia Nervosa s/s: dental erosion, calloused knuckles (Russell’s sign), parotoid gland enlargement, binged episodes followed by purging(vomiting, laxatives), normal or slightly overweight. ▪ Focus on therapeutic communication to address feeling of guilt, shame and emotional regulations ▪ Implement coping skills for emotional triggers ▪ Meds: SSRIs(fluoxetine) o Body Dysmorphic Disorder: preoccupation with perceived physical flaws not noticeable to others, it’s about perceived defects. excessive grooming, mirror checking or seeking reassurance. o Focus on self-acceptance, not appearance o Binge eating abdominal cramps/pains SOMATIC SYMPTOMS AND RELATED DISORDERS o Somatic symptoms disorders: excessive focus on physical symptoms o Illness anxiety disorders: preoccupation with having a serious illness o Conversion Disorders: neurological symptoms(paralysis) without medical cause o Factitious disorder: intentional falsification of symptoms for attention ▪ Validate patient’s feeling without reinforcing symptoms ▪ Focus on emotional needs and promote independence ▪ CBT for coping strategies MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES o Autism spectrum Disorder (ASD): Impaired communication, repetitive behaviors o Conduct Disorders: Persistent violation of social norms (aggression, theft) ▪ Set clear expectations and consequences ▪ Safety measures (remove dangerous objects)

o Mood stabilizer (Lithium ): Used for bipolar, toxicity levels> 1.5 : coarse tremors, GI distress, confusion, ataxia. Need to discontinue medication o Atypical Antipsychotics (Clozapine,): for +/- s/s of schizophrenia. side effects: agranulocytosis (low WBCS), monitoring WBC weekly o Typical Antipsychotics (Chlorpromazine, haloperidol): control + symptoms (hallucinations, delusions) of schizophrenia. Side effects : Neuroleptic Malignant syndrome (NMS): muscle rigidity, high fever o o MAOIs (Phenelzine): used for depression, side effects: hypertensive crisis. Do not eat food rich in tyramine (aged cheese, avocado, banana, red wine, salami/pepperoni, chocolate