Partial preview of the text
Download part 3 | GEOS 1024 - Resources Geology and more Quizzes Geology in PDF only on Docsity!
Habitat losses
70% woodland that borders mediterrean sea. 50%
grasslands. 30% desert. sharp decline in coral due to
warming of oceans and increased pop
TERM 2
Populations with low genetic
diversity:
DEFINITION 2
are not well suited to surviving enviromental change adn are
prone to inbreeding depression
TERM 3
inbreeding depression
DEFINITION 3
occurs when individuals with similar genotypes breed with
each other and produce offspring with reduced abilites to
survive and reproduce
TERM 4
Island
biogeography
DEFINITION 4
- how the size of islands and the distance between islands
and the mainland affect the number of species that are
present on different islands
TERM 5
Metapopulations
DEFINITION 5
- a collection of smaller populations connected by occasional
dispersal of individuals along habitat corridors. (each
populates at different rates, but will borrow before going
extinct)
SLOSS debate
- single large or several small
TERM 7
- Edge habitat
DEFINITION 7
two different communities come together, typically forming
an abrupt transition.
TERM 8
biodiversity hotspots
DEFINITION 8
much of the worlds biodiversity is concentrated in areas that
make up a relatively small fraction of the globe (2.3% of the
world's land area)
TERM 9
Biosphere Reserves
DEFINITION 9
protected areas that vary in the amount of allowed human
impact; Core area --> Buffer zone --> Transition area. Less
human impact as you go further in - -
TERM 10
Which of the following is a cause of extinction
NOT connected to the carbon cycle?
DEFINITION 10
Change in salinity
Populations with low genetic diversity are
susceptible to:
Inbreeding
TERM 17
Alien species
DEFINITION 17
Live outside their historical range
TERM 18
As a response to declining population of many
marine species, the US passed:
DEFINITION 18
The Marine Mammal Protection Act
TERM 19
An edge habitat is:
DEFINITION 19
Where two different communities come together
TERM 20
Radiation from the sun hits
DEFINITION 20
atmosphere, clouds and surface. 1/3 reflected back into
space. remaining absorbed by clouds
The Greenhouse Effect
gases in the atmosphere that absorbs infrared radiation(ex.
water vapor, methane)
TERM 22
Ozone
DEFINITION 22
stratosphere: filters out harmful UV radiationTroposphere:
acts as GH gas can cause increased warming. Air pollutant
TERM 23
Chlorofluorocarbons
DEFINITION 23
not natural due to synthesis by humans
TERM 24
Greenhouse warming potential
DEFINITION 24
estimates how much a molecule of any compound can
contribute to global warming over a period of 100 years
TERM 25
The effect of a GH gas depends
on
DEFINITION 25
- its warming potential and its concentration in the
atmosphere
Emissions from _____ power plants increased
the amount of _____ in the air and water
Coal-fired, mercury
TERM 32
The two most common gases in the
atmosphere, ________, ________, infrared
radiation
DEFINITION 32
N2 and O2, do not absorb
TERM 33
Increased temperatures in the northern
latitudes have caused nearly___% of the ice
cap to melt
DEFINITION 33
TERM 34
Water vapor has _____ feedback(s) on climate
change
DEFINITION 34
Both positive and negative
TERM 35
The Kyoto Protocol _____ emission limits for
greenhouse gases to developing nations
DEFINITION 35
Did not impose
Climate and weather?
Are different. Climate is related to average
temperatures, pressures, precipitation, etc. over long
periods of time while weather is the condition of
these same elements over periods up to two weeks
TERM 37
Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse
gas?
DEFINITION 37
CO
TERM 38
8. If the ratio of O18/O16 found in ice is _____
than T is ______?
DEFINITION 38
Higher, higher
TERM 39
9. A ________ ocean will tend to _______ more
CO2 in the atmosphere
DEFINITION 39
Warmer, release
TERM 40
Sustainability
DEFINITION 40
- Meeting the needs of present generations without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their
own needs
Market failure
- when the economic system does not appropriately account
for all costs
TERM 47
Environmental
economics
DEFINITION 47
A subfield of economics that examines the costs and benefits
of various policies and regulations that seek to regulate or
limit air and water pollution and other causes of
environmental degradation.
TERM 48
Ecological
economics
DEFINITION 48
a method of understanding and managing the economy as a
subsystem of both natural and human systems.
TERM 49
Valuation
DEFINITION 49
the attempt to assign monetary value to intangible benefits
and natural capital
TERM 50
Externality
DEFINITION 50
a cost or benefit, not transmitted through prices, incurred by
a party who did not agree to the action causing the cost or
benefit.
Sustainability should be
The ultimate goal of any sound of environmental
policy
TERM 52
Microlending is
DEFINITION 52
A small loans system in developing countries to help
individuals improve his/her quality of life
TERM 53
enviro policies using the concept that all have
the same value, is a __________ approach
DEFINITION 53
birocentric
TERM 54
The HDI measures human status using all the
following parameters EXCEPT
DEFINITION 54
Adult literacy rate
TERM 55
According to NEPA, every Federal Project
DEFINITION 55
Must be precede by an evaluation of its impact on the
environment
