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Pathophysiology C805 WGU questions
with verified answers 2025/
MRSA - ANS ✔✔Red, swollen, may look like a boil with pus. Also skin rash or sore. Transmitted usually skin to skin. Malaria - ANS ✔✔Fever, chills, sweating and other flu like symptoms. Transmitted by Mosquito Staph Infection - ANS ✔✔This disease has collection of pus, boil or abscess at site Active - ANS ✔✔immunity that results from the own production of antibodies Passive - ANS ✔✔immunity that results from the introduction of antibodies from another person or animal Malignant Tumors - ANS ✔✔tumor that invades surrounding tissues, likely to cause death Benign Tumors - ANS ✔✔mass of cells (tumor) that lack the ability to invade neighboring tissue or metastasize metastasis - ANS ✔✔development of secondary malignant growths at a distance from a primary site of cancer Near Drowning - ANS ✔✔breathing fluid or not enough oxygenated blood
Asphyxiation - ANS ✔✔lack of oxygen coupled with accumulating carbon dioxide in the blood Allergies - ANS ✔✔Nose hairs, sneezing, inflamed nasal passages, watery eyes Closed Fracture - ANS ✔✔break in bone, skin intact Open or compound fracture - ANS ✔✔break where wound is leading downto fracture ; or bone breaks skin Simple fracture - ANS ✔✔break in the rib that is broken into two parts Comminuted fracture - ANS ✔✔shattering break Impacted fracture - ANS ✔✔bone is broken with one end forced into the interior of the other Incomplete partial fracture - ANS ✔✔fraction line does not include the whole bone (stress fracture) Greenstick fracture - ANS ✔✔bone partially bent or split; occurs with soft bones Colles fracture - ANS ✔✔break in the end of the radius in wrist; often occurs when the wrist is extended to break a fall Common Dislocations - ANS ✔✔shoulder, hip, jaw, knee, spine and elbow
Osteoporosis - ANS ✔✔bones become brittle and fragile Osteoarthritis - ANS ✔✔flexible tissue at the ends of bones wears down. Bone on bone sound can be heard, minimal inflammation Fibromyalgia - ANS ✔✔Widespread pain in muscles, ligaments or tendons. There will be tender points on body Myasthenia gravis - ANS ✔✔weakness and rapid fatigue of muscles under voluntary control. Drooping eyelids, diffuculty swallowing, difficluty speaking. rheumatoid Arthritis - ANS ✔✔chronic inflammatory disorder affecting many joints, including those in the hands and feet. Acne Vulgaris - ANS ✔✔occurrence of inflamed or infected sebaceous glands, characterized by red pimples or black heads Fever blisters - Herpes - ANS ✔✔Infection with the herpes simplex virus; pale vesicles appearing individually or in clusters Impetigo - ANS ✔✔highly contagious skin infection that causes red sores on the face. Herpes Zoster - ANS ✔✔aka shingles, reactivation of the chickenpox virus in the body Eczema - ANS ✔✔patches of skin become rough and inflamed, with blisters that cause itching and bleeding, sometimes resulting from a reaction to irritation
Decubitus Ulcers - ANS ✔✔bed sores, from lying in one position too long so that the circulation in the skin is compromised by the pressure Keratosis Pilaris - ANS ✔✔skin colored bumps that may form rough patches, typically cosmetic condition Furuncle - ANS ✔✔painful, pus-filled bump under the skin caused by infected, inflamed hair follicles. Warts - ANS ✔✔small, fleshy bump on the skin or mucous membrane caused by human papillomavirus. Urticaria (wheal) - ANS ✔✔hives, generally caused by allergic immune response. Round and red, can cover small area or large. Rosacea - ANS ✔✔condition that causes redness and often small, red, pus- filled bumps on the face. Scabies - ANS ✔✔contagious, intensely itchy skin condition caused by a tiny, burrowing mite. Skin cancer - ANS ✔✔Can be either basal (most common, rarely metastisize) or squamos (uncommon metsastisize) Tinea pedis - ANS ✔✔fungal infection that usually begins between the toes, aka athletes foot Vitiligo - ANS ✔✔disease that causes the loss of skin color in blotches.
Parkinson Disease - ANS ✔✔disorder of the central nervous system that affects movement, often including tremors, slow progression Multiple Sclerosis - ANS ✔✔disease in which the immune system eats away at the protective covering of nerves; transient motor and sensory disturbances Meniere's Disease - ANS ✔✔inner ear disorder that causes episodes of vertigo Untreated Ear Infections (Otitis Media) - ANS ✔✔inflammation of the middle ear, If not treated, serious consequences such as temporary or permanent hearing loss Otosclerosis - ANS ✔✔formation of new bone growth Glaucoma - ANS ✔✔condition of increased pressure within the eyeball, causing gradual loss of sight Cataracts - ANS ✔✔condition in which the lens of the eye becomes progressively opaque, resulting in blurred vision Retinal Detachment - ANS ✔✔when part of the eye (the retina) pulls away from supportive tissue Folic Acid anemia - ANS ✔✔Lack of Vit. B12. Megaloblasts present. Characterized by weakness, fatigue, anorexia, pallor, forgetfulness, irritability, and diarrhea
Pernicious anemia - ANS ✔✔Lack of Vit. B12. Megaloblasts present. Characterized by dyspnea, palpitations and tingling in extremities. Iron-deficiency anemia - ANS ✔✔Excessive blood loss, small RBC formation Aplastic anemia - ANS ✔✔develops when damage occurs to your bone marrow, slowing or shutting down the production of new blood cells. Megakaryocytes present Aneurysm - ANS ✔✔enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall Thrombus - ANS ✔✔a blood clot Embolus - ANS ✔✔piece of blood clot, air bubble, piece of fatty deposit, or other object that has been carried in the bloodstream Benign / Essential Hypertension - ANS ✔✔Persistent elevated BP, vague symptoms of light-headedness, ringing in the ears (tinnitus), nocturia, a tendency to tire easily, and palpitations Malignant hypertension - ANS ✔✔Extremely high blood pressure 180 and above, damage will usually occur to kidney and eyes. Botulism - ANS ✔✔Symptoms include blurred or double vision, slurred speech, drooping eyelids, difficulty swallowing, and muscle weakness HIV - ANS ✔✔Predominantly infects cells called T4 cells, symptoms are general persistent lymphadenopathy; weight loss; fever; fatigue
CAD - ANS ✔✔Inadequate blood supply to portions of the myocardium(heart muscle). immediate symptom is angina Atrial Fibrillation - ANS ✔✔Quivering or irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia) that can lead to blood clots, stroke, heart failure. Heart feels like its racing along with palpitations. Tachycardia - ANS ✔✔Abnormal fast heart beat Bradycardia - ANS ✔✔Really slow heart beat Congestive heart failure - ANS ✔✔Heart doesn't pump blood as well as it should. Symptoms include tachypnea, palpitations, edema, weight gain, diaphoresis, and cyanosis. May be given Digoxin to help pump blood. Mitral - ANS ✔✔Obstructed flow from Atrium to Ventricle. Abnormal heart sounds. Symptoms can include; dyspnea, fatigue, palpitations, peripheral edema, atrial fibrillation Aortic - ANS ✔✔Blood flow back into the left Ventricle. Can be caused by Endocarditis. Symptoms can include; Dyspnea, angina, fatigue on exertion, and palpitations Endocarditis - ANS ✔✔Infection of inner lining of heart chambers and heart valves. Vegetation may be present. Pericarditis - ANS ✔✔Sharp and often sudden pleuritic pain that increases with deep inspiration. Characterized by orthopnea, dyspnea, and tachycardia. Auscultation will reveal grating sound.
Berylliosis - ANS ✔✔form of metal poisoning caused by inhalation Bronchiectasis - ANS ✔✔lungs' airways become damaged, making it hard to clear mucus Silicosis - ANS ✔✔lung disease caused by breathing in tiny bits of silica Pulmonary Emphysema - ANS ✔✔Lung tissue involved in exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) is impaired or destroyed Pulmonary Tuberculosis - ANS ✔✔Contagious bacterial infection in lungs Allergic Rhinitis - ANS ✔✔Allergies Sinusitis - ANS ✔✔Cavities around the nasal passages become inflamed. Pharyngitis - ANS ✔✔Inflammation of the back of the throat, known as the pharynx. It typically results in a sore throat and fever Laryngitis - ANS ✔✔Inflammation of the voice box from overuse, irritation, or infection Epiglottitis - ANS ✔✔Potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when the tissue protecting the windpipe becomes inflamed Infectious Mononucleosis - ANS ✔✔Mono, flu like sympyoms. Fever, fatigue and sore throat
GERD - ANS ✔✔stomach acid or bile irritates the food pipe lining Cirrhosis - ANS ✔✔the liver slowly deteriorates and is unable to function normally Irritable Bowel Syndrome - ANS ✔✔an intestinal disorder causing pain in the belly, gas, diarrhea, and constipation Peptic Ulcer - ANS ✔✔sore that develops on the lining of the esophagus, stomach, or small intestine. Ulcerative Colitis - ANS ✔✔inflammation of large intestine Colon Cancer - ANS ✔✔rectal bleeding, change in stool consistency Pancreatic Cancer - ANS ✔✔jaundice, weight loss, dark urine Cystitis - ANS ✔✔inflammation of bladder, usually caused by UTI; symptoms are dysuria, frequency and pain above pubic area Pyelonephritis - ANS ✔✔kidney infection ; pyuria, dysuria and nocturia GLOMERULONEPHRITIS - ANS ✔✔inflammation of the tiny filters in your kidneys, cola colored urine aka hematuria Renal Calculi (uroliths) - ANS ✔✔severe or sharp pain while tinkling, minerals in urinary tract
Bladder Cancer - ANS ✔✔cells lining the urinary bladder lose the ability to regulate their growth and start dividing uncontrollably. UTI typical complication, treated by transurethal resection or cystectomy Renal Cell Carcinoma - ANS ✔✔kidney cancer ; hematuria with flank or side pain, as well as a lump or mass in side or abdomen Chronic Renal Failure - ANS ✔✔fatigue, high blood pressure, loss of appetite, malaise, or water-electrolyte imbalance Nephrotic Syndrome - ANS ✔✔swelling around the eyes and in the feet and ankles, foamy urine, and weight gain due to excess fluid retention Endstage Renal Disease - ANS ✔✔result of renal failure, dialysis or transplant are only options. Symptoms of itching or hiccups present Dialysis - ANS ✔✔process for removing waste and excess water from the blood and is used primarily as an artificial replacement for lost kidney function, 2-4 hours Peritoneal dialysis - ANS ✔✔Can be performed by individual, tube is inserted into abdomen Hemodialysis - ANS ✔✔A dialysis machine and a special filter called an artificial kidney, or a dialyzer, are used to clean your blood Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy - ANS ✔✔Mode of renal replacement therapy for hemodynamically unstable Diabetes mellitus - ANS ✔✔insufficient production of insulin; characterized by polyuria, glycosuria, and polydipsia
Endometriosis - ANS ✔✔abnormal tissue growing outside uterine lining, dysmenorrhea occurs. Can be treated by salpingo-oophorectomy Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) - ANS ✔✔Infection of the female sex organs, swollen tubes, scar tissue. sudden pelvic pain, foul-smelling vaginal discharge, abnormal bleeding. Ovarian Cancer - ANS ✔✔Symptoms of urinary urgency, pelvic pain, abdominal pressure or fullness and bloating. Usually surgery to remove tumor. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) - ANS ✔✔High levels of LH, can cause irregular or no mentsrual cycle nocturia - ANS ✔✔excessive urination at night APSGN (acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis) - ANS ✔✔ ascites - ANS ✔✔accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity uremia - ANS ✔✔presence of urinary waste in the blood micturition - ANS ✔✔ pruritus - ANS ✔✔ pyuria - ANS ✔✔ oliguria - ANS ✔✔
hematuria - ANS ✔✔
