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work life balance project for MBA
Typology: Exercises
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I hereby certify that the thesis entitled , “AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON
WORKLIFE BALANCE OF AN EMPLOYEE WITH SPECIAL
REFERENCE TO TELECOM SECTOR” revised and resubmitted to the St.
Peter‘s University, for the award of Degree of Doctor of Philosophy is the record of
research work done by the candidate S. Vijaya Kumari under my guidance and that
the thesis has not formed previously the basis for the award of any degree, diploma,
associate ship, fellowship or other similar titles.
Dr. A. MANORSELVI SUPERVISOR
Place: Date:
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The completion of this research work would not have been possible without the encouragement, help and support of many individuals. It is my privilege to thank the people who have supported and guided me throughout this research work.
I am grateful to Dr. T. Banumathy , chancellor of St. Peter‘s University, Chennai for having given me an opportunity to educate myself in the University.
The completion of this research work would not have been possible without the encouragement, help and support of many individuals. It is my privilege to thank the people who have supported and guided me throughout this research work.
I record my deep sense of gratitude to Dr. Francis C. Peter Vice Chancellor, Dr. M.A. Dorairangaswamy , Registrar, St. Peter‘s University, Chennai and Dr. S.Gunasekaran , Dean (R&D) for their encouragement and support during my research work.
I would like to express my thanks to Dr. R. Gayatri , Professor and Head, Department of Management Studies, St. Peter‘s University, Chennai who gave valuable suggestions and moral support to complete my thesis work.
I hereby express my deep sense of gratitude to my Research Supervisor Dr. A. Manorselvi , Associate Professor, Department of Management Studies, St. Peter‘s College of Engineering and Technology, for her valuable guidance, support and encouragement throughout the study. I owe her my heartfelt thanks for spending her precious time or discussing the problem as and when needed without any hesitation which helped me a lot to complete this thesis work.
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I hereby express my deep sense of gratitude to my first Expert Committee member Dr. K. Maran , Director, Sri Sai Ram Engineering College, Chennai, who gave detailed ideas for writing my thesis effectively and efficiently.
I am indebted to my second Expert Committee member Dr. S. Paneer selvam , Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, St. Peter‘s University, Chennai who gave valuable suggestions and moral support to complete my thesis work.
Finally, I would like to thank all those who were directly or indirectly helpful in carrying out this research.
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Factor analysis, correlation, and regression are being used to find the cause and effect of variables. In order to identify the impact of work life balance prevailing in company, compensation and family, the statistical tool will shows the result of the impact of work life balance in Telecom Company.
The reliability of the questionnaire was tested with the Cronbach‘s Alpha method using statistical software. All the Descriptive analysis and statistical inferential analysis was done using SPSS and P-value details only exhibited for interpretations. The hypothesis was formed to test all the Research objective the hypothesis were tested using Chi-square analysis and the inferences were arrived to indicate the influence of employees and the telecom sector employees attitudes on the work life balance in the organization
Correlation study was also conducted to find the impact of work life balance programs and practices is implemented in the telecom sector organization. Factor analysis also used to find the most influencing factors which determine the impact of work life balance practices, policies, effectiveness in the organization. By the application of factor analysis, the 28 variables reduced to 5 variables in order to find out the greater effectiveness of work life balance. SEM stands for structural equation modeling. Structural equation modeling is used. SEM is a multivariate statistical analysis technique that is used to analyze structural relationships. This technique is the combination of factor analysis and multiple regression analysis, and it is used to analyze the structural relationship between measured variables and latent constructs. This method is preferred by the researcher because it estimates the multiple and interrelated dependence in a single analysis. SEM model is fitted for work life balance in telecom companies on the performance is good. The model fit chi-square is 11.950 and the model‘s P-value is 0.854 which is fitted for work.
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Certificate ii Declaration iii Acknowledgements iv Abstract v List of Tables xiv List of Charts xvii List of Figures xviii
1.1 Introduction of work Life Balance 1.2 Defining work life balance 1.3 The Concept of work life balance 1.4 Definitions and implications 1.5 HRD work life balance 1.6 Work life balance - The challenges ahead 1.7 The influencing elements in work life balance 1.8 The global scenario of work life balance 1.9 Work life balance - prospects for Indian organization 1.10 Work life balance - the trends and new approach ahead 1.11 Reason for imbalance 1.12 Identity through work 1.13 Men 1.14 Consequences of an imbalance 1.15 About the telecom industry
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2.1 Introduction 2.1. 2 Gap analysis
3.1 Research Methodology 3.2 Description of research design 3.3 Research Design 3.4 Data Collection 3.5 Type of data collected 3.6 Collection of Primary Data 3.7 Collection of Secondary Data 3.8 Questionnaire design 3.9 Sampling process 3.10 Sampling design 3.11 Population 3.12 Pilot Testing 3.13 Pilot Study 3.14 Reliability & Validity test 3.15 Cronbach‘s alpha test 3.16 Survey instrument 3.17 Data Collection 3.18 Outline of the analysis of data
4.1 Profile of Telecom Sector 4.2 Nokia Solutions & Networks India Pvt Ltd.,
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4.3 Vodafone India., 4.4 Videocon Tele communications Ltd., 4.5 Idea Cellular ltd., 4.6 Ericsson India Pvt Ltd., 4.7 Bharti Airtel Tele Communications Pvt Ltd.,
5.1 (^) Defining the term work life & Impact of work life balance 5.2 Organization^ Literature 5.3 Work life balance the vertical definitions 5.4 Work life balance measurement 5.5 Factors of WLB 5.6 individual Factor influencing WLB 5.7 Personality & WLB 5.8 Organizational factors influencing WLB 5.9 Work arrangements & WLB 5.10 Job stress & WLB 5.11 Technology & WLB 5.12 Role Related factors & WLB 5.13 Societal factors influencing work life balance 5.14 Childcare responsibilities & Work life balance 5.15 Family Support & WLB 5.16 Other societal factors & WLB 5.17 Other factors influencing WLB 5.18 Outcomes of work life balance
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8.1 Conclusions 8.2 Scope for further study
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6.30 Satisfaction of employees with their salary varies with their educational back ground 193 6.31 Time spent by employees in their hobbies varies with their age 195 6.32 Receiving compensation on completing any project increases their overall satisfaction with the salary package 196 6.33 (^) Educational Qualification of the Employees influences the time spent during normal working hours 197 6.34 All employees irrespective of their income and experience can openly discuss about work life balance with superiors
6.35 Income of the employees influences their perceptions towards various solutions to work life balance
6.36 Flexible work time helps to better manage work life balance 200
6.37 Support from superior helps to reduce the nights of spending too much time on work
Work life balance prevailing in company Compensation & Family contributes to the suggested work life balance solutions
6.39 Kaiser - Meyer - Olkin Measure of sampling adequacy 203 6.40 Factor analysis of nature work 204 6.41 Factor analysis of Family Life 205 6.42 Factor analysis of Superior Relationship 206 6.43 Factor analysis of compensation 207 6.44 Factor analysis of work life balance solution 207 6.45 Structural Equation modeling 210 6.46 Suggestion given by employees 211
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1.1 Introduction of work life balance
In today fast developing country, people are busy with increasing their income and keep on changing their living habits, life style, and their day to day life, life pattern is not similar as in olden days. People didn‘t aware about how to balance their life, stress and work. And they didn‘t concentrate much about their health and family. The trend is changed to increase the wealth of the family not the health of the family. Work–life balance is a concept including proper prioritizing between "work"(career and ambition) and lifestyle (health, pleasure, leisure, family and spiritual development /meditation).This is related to the idea of "lifestyle choice."
1.2 Defining work life balance
The majority of research on the correlation between work and family life refers to WLB and organization policies, WLB and organization culture, WLB and HR management, WLB and work commitment, WLB and absenteeism, WLB and gender equality, WLB and family life, and many more. There are a number of studies examining WLB and workers wellbeing. These studies however were mainly conducted in the United States. In addition, several researchers noticed that work and family literature, while assessing relationships between work and family domains, considers family life as time spent with a spouse and children, ignoring other important aspects of family, such as time spent with parents, siblings and other relatives.
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Work and life are the two sides of the same coin. The achievement and enjoyment at professional and personal lives are the front and back of the coin of value in life. We don‘t have one without the other and at the same time the coin with only side does not exist. Hence many a times it happens that the successful people are not happy or not happy as they supposed to be. Therefore, the full value from life cannot be achieved without achievement and enjoyment. Work Life Balance is a person‘s control over the responsibilities between their workplace, family, friends and self. A successful Work-life-balance strategy reduces stress levels and raises job satisfaction in the employee while increasing productivity and health care costs for the employer. Spending more time in office, dealing with clients and the pressures of job can interfere and affect the personal life, sometimes making it impossible to even complete the household chores.
On the other hand, personal life can also be demanding if you have a kid or aging parents, financial problems or even problems in the life of a dear relative. It can lead to absenteeism from work, creating stress and lack of concentration at work. The ever-increasing working hours leave the individuals with less time for themselves to pursue hobbies or leisure activities. A group of workforces that is greatly affected in work life balance as a result of dynamic changes in work environment is telecom sector professionals. No doubt, all other occupations have a capacity to influence the work and non work life balance, but some occupations are potentially more influential than others. Continuous changes in work related factors directly or indirectly affected the telecom professionals. Indeed these changes demand them to perform thus; an effective measure to handle its consequences is the responsibility of the organizations.
