Bacterial Genetics
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mobile genetics element and gene transfering
Typology: Summaries
2022/2023
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Bacterial Genetics
(^) GENETICS-Study of genes their structure & function, heredity & variation (^) Genomics-Study & analysis of nucleotides of DNA (^) Nucleic acid-DNA and RNA
(^) Gene or cistron (^) Segment of DNA carrying codons for a particular polypeptide synthesis (^) Locus (^) a large no of genes (^) Genome (^) large no of loci (^) 1000-3000 Gene (^) 580 -5200 kbp (^) length1-1.3mm
(^) DNA Replication: Bidirectional replication Rolling circle mechanism
Extra chromosomal
elements
Plasmids (^) Free Circular dsDNA-In Cytoplasm for several generations (^) Replicate independently (^) Episome-integrated form (^) Not essential for life of bacteria (^) Number: up to 40/cell (^) contain 50-100 genes
Extra chromosomal
elements
Plasmids (^) Curing: process of eliminating plasmid from bacteria (^) Spontaneous (^) induced (^) Acridine (^) Radiation (^) Thymine starvation (^) High temp
Classification Based on function: Fertility/F plasmid: contain tra gene: sex pili expression Resistance/ R plasmid Col plasmid (Bacteriocins/ Colicins) Virulence plasmid Metabolic plasmid