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purposive communications, Essays (high school) of English

English

purposive communications in first

Typology: Essays (high school)

2020/2021

Uploaded on 03/07/2022

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MODULE 9
Cultural barriers 1. Are challenges to cross-
cultural communication within an organization.
Multicultural 2. Relating to or constituting
several cultural or ethnic groups within a
society.
Global village 3. The world viewed as a
community in which distance and isolation
have been dramatically reduced by electronic
media (such as television and the internet).
Cross-cultural communication 4. Process of
creating and sharing meaning among people
from different cultural backgrounds using a
variety of means.
EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON GLOBAL
COMMUNICATION
by Anam Ahmed (Bizfluent.com, 2018)
1. Increased Business Opportunities
Companies today hire employees
located in other countries
Video calls makes communication
simple to converse with colleagues
Technology makes it easier to connect
with suppliers & customers
Thanks to global communication,
information can be transferred as a
valuable business asset
2. Fewer Cultural Barriers
People perceive culture to be root of
communication challenges
People from 2 different culture can be
interpreted differently their action by
another person
The way peoples approach problems &
participate in community is influenced by
culture
3. Creation of Global Village
“Global village” coined by theorist
Marshall McLuhan
Global village created when distance &
isolation no longer matter because
technology is connected
Globalization & global communication
made it easier to see people on the
other side of the world as neighbors,
instead of strangers.
LOCAL AND GLOBAL COMMUNICATION IN
MULTICULTURAL SETTINGS
Humans are formed by forces other than
genetics.
Family background, religious affiliations,
educational achievements, socio-cultural
forces, economic conditions, emotional
states, & other factors shape human
identities.
No 2 people can ever be the same.
Diversity of people & cultures impacts
communication.
Barriers to Local and Global
Communication in Multicultural Setting
1. Language
2. Medium of communication
3. Personality
4. Culture
COMMUNICATION AND GLOBALIZATION
GLOBALIZATION
How people and goods interchange easily
across boundaries.
CULTURAL COMMUNICATION ISSUES
Different Communication Styles
How people communicate between and
within culture varies widely.
Ex. Different meaning of handshake
Different Attitudes Toward Conflict
In some cultures, conflict is viewed as a
positive thing, meanwhile for others
conflict should be something to be
avoided.
Different Approaches to Completing
Tasks
Each culture has its ways of completing
a task but this does not mean that
people from any one of these cultural
backgrounds are more or less
committed to accomplishing the task, or
don’t cherish relationships; it indicates
they may just pursue them differently.
Different Decision-Making Styles
The roles individuals play in decision-
making differ usually from culture to
culture.
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MODULE 9

Cultural barriers 1. Are challenges to cross- cultural communication within an organization. Multicultural 2. Relating to or constituting several cultural or ethnic groups within a society. Global village 3. The world viewed as a community in which distance and isolation have been dramatically reduced by electronic media (such as television and the internet). Cross-cultural communication 4. Process of creating and sharing meaning among people from different cultural backgrounds using a variety of means. EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON GLOBAL COMMUNICATION by Anam Ahmed (Bizfluent.com, 2018)

1. Increased Business Opportunities  Companies today hire employees located in other countries  Video calls makes communication simple to converse with colleagues  Technology makes it easier to connect with suppliers & customers  Thanks to global communication, information can be transferred as a valuable business asset 2. Fewer Cultural Barriers  People perceive culture to be root of communication challenges  People from 2 different culture can be interpreted differently their action by another person  The way peoples approach problems & participate in community is influenced by culture 3. Creation of Global Village  “Global village” coined by theorist Marshall McLuhan  Global village created when distance & isolation no longer matter because technology is connected  Globalization & global communication made it easier to see people on the other side of the world as neighbors, instead of strangers.

LOCAL AND GLOBAL COMMUNICATION IN

MULTICULTURAL SETTINGS

 Humans are formed by forces other than genetics.  Family background, religious affiliations, educational achievements, socio-cultural forces, economic conditions, emotional states, & other factors shape human identities.  No 2 people can ever be the same.  Diversity of people & cultures impacts communication. Barriers to Local and Global Communication in Multicultural Setting

  1. Language
  2. Medium of communication
  3. Personality
  4. Culture COMMUNICATION AND GLOBALIZATION GLOBALIZATION How people and goods interchange easily across boundaries. CULTURAL COMMUNICATION ISSUES Different Communication Styles  How people communicate between and within culture varies widely.  Ex. Different meaning of handshake Different Attitudes Toward Conflict  In some cultures, conflict is viewed as a positive thing, meanwhile for others conflict should be something to be avoided. Different Approaches to Completing Tasks  Each culture has its ways of completing a task but this does not mean that people from any one of these cultural backgrounds are more or less committed to accomplishing the task, or don’t cherish relationships; it indicates they may just pursue them differently. Different Decision-Making Styles  The roles individuals play in decision- making differ usually from culture to culture.

Different Attitudes Toward Disclosure  When you are dealing with a misunderstanding, be watchful that people may be different in what they feel at ease revealing. Different Approaches to Knowing  Notable dissimilarities happen among cultural groups when it comes to the methods people come to know things

MODULE 10

VARIETIES & REGISTERS OF SPOKEN AND

WRITTEN LANGUAGE

REGISTERS

 Style of language spoken & written that is appropriate for certain situation.  It could be formal, informal, or neutral.

1. Formal Language Register Said to be most difficult because it uses formal language & formal structures of grammar. Examples:  Essays  business letters  reports, etc. 2. Informal Language Letter Manner of talking to closest someone such as friends & family. It uses to show how we know them very well. Examples:  Personal e-mails  Phone texts  Short notes  Friendly letters  Most blogs  Diaries & journals 3. Neutral Language Register Not necessarily formal or informal Incorporated with non-emotional topics Not positive or negative but deliver facts Examples:  Reviews  Articles  Some letters  Some essays  Technical writing **In one prominent model, Martin Joos ( 1961 ) describes FIVE STYLES IN SPOKEN ENGLISH:

  1. Frozen**  referred as static register  printed unchanging language such as biblical quotations, often contains archaisms Examples:  Pledge of Allegiance of the United States  Anthems  Mission & Vision  Marriage ceremonies  Laws 2. Formal  One way participation  No interruption  Technical vocabulary or exact definitions are important  Include presentations or introduction between strangers Examples:  Announcements  SONA  Welcome address 3. Consultative  Two-way participation  Background information is provided  Back channel behavior such as “uh- huh”, “I see”  Interruptions are allowed Examples:  Teacher/ student  Doctor/ patient  Expert/ apprentice  Regular classroom discussion
  2. Casual  In group friends & acquaintance  No background information provided  Ellipsis & slang are common  Interruptions common  Common in a social setting Examples:  Phone calls  Conversation with friends  Chats  Inside joke of friends

How to Persuade People to Agree

  1. Liking - easy to persuade people if they like you.
  2. Social proof - implies that people are moving in the direction you want.
  3. Consistency - keep your word consistent at all times.
  4. Authority - people are strongly influenced by experts.
  5. Scarcity - People want what they cannot have.
  6. Reciprocity - give something to gain something.

MODULE 12

OTHER WAYS OF PRESENTING A

MESSAGE

ELECTRONIC

Email has become a default delivery mechanism for information due to its accessibility. PRINT Brochures, posters, ads, catalogs, papers, memos, or letters Have an advantage over electronic communication in that you won't have to worry about how the message looks on devices and computers with different display settings. FACE-TO-FACE It let you get more personal, evaluate your peers' body language, demonstrate products, and use visual aids. TELECONFERENCE Schedule meetings on short notice, and with a smartphone or personal computer. Use basic video technology that often comes free. Most convenient way of presenting a message especially this pandemic. VISUAL AIDS Charts and graphs give the numbers you present a visual pop. Use programs like PowerPoint to create informative graphics. Make points more clearly with a humble chalkboard or dry erase board.

MODULE 13

GUIDE TO ORAL PRESENTATIONS

This guide will provide you with some tips and techniques for ensuring your presentation is well planned, structured, and delivered.

  1. Plan - analyze your audience  Who is your audience?  What do they know about the subject? What terminology will they know?  What do they want to know?  How can you engage this audience? What matters to them? ! Determine the purpose
  2. Prepare - structure provides a framework for your presentation.  Introduction – main ideas, issues, background, key terms  Body - main ideas, reasoning, evidence, and explanation provided.  Conclusion - summary of what you have considered with the repetition of key ideas. SELECT APPROPRIATE VISUAL AIDS Using Visual Aids Visual aids should be clear and concise, Words and images presented in different formats can appeal directly to your audience’s imagination **DIFFERENT TYPES OF VISUAL AIDS
  3. PowerPoint** (or equivalent) 2. White or Blackboard  Useful to help explain the sequence of ideas or routines, particularly in the sciences.  Use to clarify your title or to record your key points as you introduce your presentation 3. Paper handouts  Use a handout if your information is too detailed to fit on a slide or if you want

your audience to have a full record of your findings.

4. Flip chart  Large pad of paper on a stand.  Useful and flexible way of recording information during your presentation 5. Video  Show stimulating visual information.  Use to bring movement, pictures, and sound into your presentation. 6. Artifacts or props  If you bring an artifact with you, make sure that the object can be seen and be prepared to pass it around a small group. TIPS FOR GIVING GREAT ONLINE PRESENTATIONS

  1. Start with the right tool.
  2. Help everyone be on time.
  3. Keep your slides simple.
  4. Be clear and efficient.
  5. Make the presentation entertaining.
  6. Make the presentation entertaining.
  7. Encourage conversation.
  8. Set action steps.
  9. Leave time for questions.
  10. End on time.

MODULE 14

PURPOSE OF COMMUNICATION: WORK

Communication in the Workplace Extremely important to enterprises because it helps businesses to be profitable and function efficiently. Workplace communication Exchange of information within an organization between one individual or group and another person or group. Ex. Emails, instant messages, voicemails, comments Benefits of Effective Communication in a Workplace

  1. Building a team
  2. Making things clear
  3. Managing diversity
    1. Dealing with problems
    2. Surviving catastrophe

MODULE 15

EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

If someone achieves the desired level of objective through communication. When the receiver students of the message gives a proper response; it means that you effectively conveyed the message. Achieving Effective Communication for Academic Purposes

  1. Audience’s information needs.
  2. Audience’s technical background.
  3. Audience’s cultural background.
  4. Audience’s gender.
  5. Audience’s knowledge of the subject. **Possibility for Communication Failure
  6. Audience's resistance**
  7. Communication Constraints – time is a factor in failure communication. Aside from time we also have constraints such as;  Legal - insufficient knowledge about legal terms that creates misconceptions.  Socioeconomic - person with different socioeconomic status.  Cultural – different perceptions because of culture.  Institutional - in a community, there are norms or any factors that hold individual to speak their mind that leads to misconception  Psychological - if a person is mentally ill. DIFFERENT TYPES OF SPEECHES, **ACCORDING TO: PURPOSE
  8. INFORMATIVE** Provide interesting and useful information to your audience. Example: a. A teacher is telling students about earthquakes. b. A student is talking about her research. 2. DEMONSTRATIVE Also teaches you something similar to informative.

QUESTIONS:

  1. The most convenient way of presenting a message, especially this time of the pandemic. A. Print B. Teleconference C. Electronic D. Face-to-face
  2. These media have an advantage over electronic communication in that you won't have to worry about how the message looks on devices and computers with different display settings. A. Print B. Teleconference C. Electronic D. Face-to-face
  3. Charts and graphs: ________________; Flyers, ads, catalogs: Print A. Teleconference B. Electronic C. Visual Aids D. Face-to-face
  4. This technique is being used when you want to get more personal, evaluate your peers' body language, demonstrate products, and use visual aids. A. Teleconference B. Electronic C. Visual Aids D. Face-to-face
  5. You can schedule these meetings on short notice. A. Teleconference B. Electronic C. Visual Aids D. Face-to-face
  6. In this text, adjectives must be used as often as possible so that it may sound attractive. A. Instructive Text B. Descriptive Text C. Persuasive Text D. Argumentative text
  7. It is sometimes referred to as a debate or an exchange of diverging opposite views, typically a heated or angry one but not most of the time. A. Instructive Text B. Descriptive Text C. Persuasive Text D. Argumentative text
  8. This type of text motivates you to do or want something. A. Instructive Text B. Descriptive Text C. Persuasive Text D. Argumentative text
  9. The following statements best describe Argument except A. Persuade someone to believe in our opinion or point of view. B. Expressing a point of view on a subject and supporting it with pieces of evidence C. It is sometimes referred to as a debate or an exchange of diverging opposite views D. Informs using words of fact and step by step procedures
  10. This text uses the tone of words that is commanding and may use formal and direct words. A. Instructive Text B. Descriptive Text C. Persuasive Text D. Argumentative text

ASSESSMENTS:

  1. Pledge of Allegiance, Lupang Hinirang, Vision and Mission of the School are only a few examples of A. Formal B. Consultative C. Frozen D. Casual
  2. This language of communication is usually used between close friends, family members, and people with relationships in their daily communication. A. Formal B. Consultative C. Frozen D. Intimate
  3. The following are examples of Consultative except; A. teacher – students B. Introduction of a stranger to your family members C. Doctor-Patient D. Guidance Counselor – Student
  4. Communicating in a culturally appropriate way means finding a way to communicate effectively that also respects and accepts cultural _________. A. Process B. Practices C. Differences D. Beliefs
  5. These are the styles of the language spoken and writing that is appropriate for a certain situation. A. Language B. Neutral Language C. Informal Language D. Registers
  6. Which of the following is a concrete example of a Neutral Language Register? A. Articles A. Short notes B. Friendly letters C. Most blogs
  7. Informal Language Register: Personal e- mails, as to, Neutral Language Register:

A. Diaries and Journals B. Technical writing C. Private vocabulary D. Friendly letters TRUE OR FALSE

  1. Culture is socially handed down arts, architectures, beliefs, behavior, ideas from one generation to another. TRUE
  2. Different sets of cultures have the same meanings of words, signs, and symbols. FALSE
  3. The way people communicate is affected by the attitude of how they were brought up. FALSE - BONUS
  4. A variety of cultures, on the other hand, makes communication easy for everyone. FALSE
  5. Conflicts are not usually desirable. TRUE
  6. The roles individuals play in decision-making differ usually from culture to culture. TRUE
  7. Communication is a one-way process, so all parties need to work together to achieve culturally appropriate communication. FALSE
  8. The diversity of people and cultures has no impact on communication. FALSE
  9. Communicating in a culturally appropriate way means finding a way to communicate effectively. TRUE
  10. When people belong to opposing cultures communicate, these could become cultural communication issues and then eventually be a global issue. TRUE