Biology (056) Question Bank: A Comprehensive Guide for High School Students, High school final essays of Biology

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Question Bank
Standard:- 12th (Science)
Subject:- BIOLOGY (056)
March 2021
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७०८ सदाशिव पेठ, कुमठेकर मार्ग, पुणे ४११०३० संपकग क्रमांक (020) 2447 6938 E-mail: [email protected]

Question Bank

Standard:- 12th^ (Science)

Subject:- BIOLOGY (056)

March 2021

BIOLOGY (056)

QUESTION BANK

Question no.

Question Marking scheme

Chapter No.

Page No.

MCQ

1 The outer layer of pollen grain is thick and made up of complex ,non- biodegradable substance called as………………….

A. lignin B. cellulose

C. pectin

D. Sporopollenin

Correct answer 1 mark

2 Sporoderm is made up of …………. A. exosporium and endosporium

B. outer integuments and inner integument

C. testa and tegmen D. exine and intine

Correct answer 1 mark

3 The number of meiotic and mitotic divisions necessary for development of female gametophyte in angiosperms is... A. 1 meiosis and 2 mitosis

B. 1 mitosis and 3 meiosis C. 1 meiosis and 1 mitosis

D. 1 meiosis and 3 mitosis.

Correct answer 1 mark

4 Identify the odd one with respect to pollinating agent.

A. Baobab B. Bottle brush

C. Kadamb D. Sausage

Correct answer 1 mark

A. castor

B. pea C. mango

D. bean

Single sentence answers Key word in answer

1 Why anther is called as tetrasporangiate structure?

Presence of four pollen sacs in dithecus anther

2 At which stage pollen grains are shed from the anther in Angiosperms?

Bicelled stage 1 4

3 What is hilum with respect to ovule? Place of attachment of funiculus with main body of ovule.

4 What is protandry? Condition where androecium matures earlier the gynoecium

5 Name any one plant in which double fertilization was discovered?

Fritillaria or Lilium

6 Why fertilization process in angiosperms is called as double fertilization?

Both male gametes are used.

7 Which is the most common type of endosperm in angiospermic families?

Nuclear type 1 11

8 What is the role of suspensor during the development of embryo?

Pushes embryo into the endosperm

9 What is adventive polyembryony? Embryo develops from somatic cells or integuments

10 Name the hormone produced by unfertilised ovary responsible for enlargement of ovary into fruit.

Indole - 3 acetic acid / auxins

2 marks

1 Draw a well labelled diagram of T.S. anther.

Four correct labels ½ mark each

2 Describe the structure of pollen grain.^ Wall layers, ploidy and fate of pollen grain.

Formation through meiosis.

Each point ½ mark

3 Draw a well labelled diagram of male gametophyte of angiosperms.

Diagram- 1 mark,

Any two correct labels (male gamete, tube nucleus and pollen tube) ½ mark each.

4 Describe the structure of female gametophyte of angiosperms.

4 points ½ mark each

5 Mention various adaptations for wind pollination.

Any four points

½, mark each.

6 What are the different adaptations shown by bird pollinated flowers?

Any four points ½ mark each

7 Explain heterostyly and herkogamy with suitable example.

Meaning ½ mark and example ½ mark each.

8 Give the significance of double fertilization.

Any four points, ½ mark each

9 Mention significance of fruit and seed formation.

Two points 2 marks

10 Give an account of polyembryony. Meaning-1/ mark

Reason-1/ mark

10 Explain various categories of apomixis. 1 mark each type

4 marks

1 Describe the structure of anatropus ovule with the help of labelled diagram.

Structure - 2 marks

Diagram with four correct labels - 2 marks

2 Describe the development of female gametophyte of angiosperms with the help of diagram.

Process upto 7 celled 8 nucleate stage - 2 marks Sequential diagrams - 2 marks

3 Give an account of various abiotic agencies used in pollination along with their adaptations for pollination.

2 marks for each agency

4 Give an account of pollen pistil interaction in detail.

Meaning- 1 mark

Recognition of pollen and germination – 1 mark significance- 1 mark

5 Describe the process of double fertilization in angiosperms and add a note on its significance.

Process- 2 marks Significance ( two points) - 2 marks

Question no.

Question Marking scheme

Chapter No.

Page No.

MCQ

1 The primary sex organ in human males is A. prostate gland

B. seminal vesicle C. penis

D. testis

Correct answer 1 mark

2 Seminal fluid is ------- in nature. A. acidic

B. neutral C. sugary

D. alkaline

Correct answer 1 mark

3 Which of the following is not a part of uterus?

A. body

B. cervix C. fundus

D. cornua

Correct answer 1 mark

4 Meanrch, menstrual cycle and menopause are controlled by-----

A. thyrotropic hormone B. gonadotropic hormone

C. somatotropic hormone D. corticotropin

Correct answer 1 mark

5 Nebenkern is ---------

A. acrosome of sperm B. neck of sperm

C. middle piece of sperm D. mitochondrion of sperm

Correct answer 1 mark

2 What is glans penis? Swollen tip of externa genitalia or penis

3 What is atresia with respect to ovary in human females?

Large scale destruction of primordial follicles.

4 Name the hydrolytic enzyme secreted by the acrosome.

Hyluronidase 2 29

5 What is morula? 16 - 32 celled stage develops during cleavage

6 What is the function of inner cell mass? Embryo proper develops form these cells

7 Name the embryonic layer from which heart, blood and blood vessels develop.

Mesoderm 2 35

8 Identify the permanent birth control method in given diagram.

Tubectomy 2 41

9 What is the use of tablet ‘Saheli’? Oral contraceptive pill

10 Identify the IUD in the given diagram. Lippes loop 2 15

2 marks

1 Draw a well labelled diagram of L.S. human testis.

Four correct labels-½ mark each

2 Describe the structure of Graafian follicle. Four correct points - Each point ½ mark

3 Write a short note on fallopian tube.^ Three correct parts-1 and ½ marks

Any one function-1/ mark

4 Give an account of external genitalia in human females.

Any four parts- ½ mark each

5 Explain the structure of secondary oocyte. Any four points

½, mark each.

6 Write an account of cleavage during embryonic development in humans.

Any four points with morula stage-½ mark each

7 Identify the parts labelled in the given diagram.

Each label-1/ mark

8 What is lactation? Which hormone is responsible for its regular secretion?

Two correct points - 1 mark each

9 Mention any two different goals of RCH programme.

Two correct points-1 mark each.

iii) The organ which secretes hormone in second trimester is…

8 Explain the process of parturition. Correct explanation of three stages- 1 mark each

9 Explain any three measures to achieve goals of RCH.

Any three correct methods-1 mark each.

10 Explain any three methods that can be used to overcome infertility.

Any three methods-1 mark each

4 marks

1 Write an account of seminal vesicle and bulbourethral gland in male reproductive system.

Three correct points-1 and ½ marks

Any one function-1/ mark For each gland

2 Explain ovarian cycle with its different phases.

Four phases- 1 mark each

3 Describe the process of spermatogenesis with the help of diagram.

Three stages- 3 marks

Diagram with two correct labels-1 mark

4 Explain mechanism of fertilization in humans.

Movement of sperm- 1 mark

Entry of sperm- 1 mark

Activation of sperm-1 mark

Syngamy 1 mark

5 Write in detail any four temporary methods of birth control.

Any four method with correct explanation - 1 mark each.

Question no.

Question Marking scheme Chapter No.

Page No.

MCQ

1 The three principles of Mendelism are A. Dominance, segregation and independent assortment B. Linkage, segregation and independent assortment

C .Linkage, dominance and segregation D. Linkage, dominance and

Independent assortment.

Correct answer – 1mark

2 Which one of the following is back^ cross? A. F1 × F B. F1 × Recessive parent

C. F1 × Dominant parent

D. F1 × Any parent

Correct answer – 1mark

3 RR (Red) Antirrhinum is crossed with white (WW) one. Offspring (RW) are pink .This is an example of A. Dominant - recessive

B. Incomplete dominance C. Hybrid

D. Supplementary genes

Correct answer – 1mark

4 The word chromosome was coined by A. Benda

B. Waldeyer C. Robert Hooke

D. T.H.Morgan

Correct answer – 1mark

B. YY

C. XXY

D. XO

Single sentence answers Key word in answer

1 Define inheritance.^ Transmission of characters from generation to generation

2 What is allelomorph? Alternating forms of genes

3 What is test cross?^ Cross between F plant and its recessive parent

4 Define euploidy.^ Chromosome number in a cell is exact multiple of primary basic number.

5 Give on example of complete linkage. X- chromosome of Drosophila male.

6 How many linkage groups are present in Drosophila melanogaster?

4 linkage groups 3 59

7 Which genes show straight inheritance? Y-linked genes 3 62

8 How drones are produced in honey bees? Parthenogenetically .

9 What is the reason for 21st^ trisomy? Non disjunction or failure of separation of chromosomes or autosomes during gametogenesis.

10 Give the example of X- monosomy you have studied.

Turner’s syndrome. 3 67

2 marks

1 Discuss any two points due to which Mendel got success in his experiment?

1 mark each 3 49/

50

2 Give any two points of difference between homozygous and heterozygous.

1 mark each. 3 50

3 Explain test cross with suitable example and state its ratios.

Representation of cross- 1 mark

Ratio( phenotypic and genotypic) - 1 mark

4 Give an account of incomplete dominance with suitable example.

Representation of cross- 1 mark

Ratio( phenotypic and genotypic) - 1 mark

5 Explain codominance in colour coat in cattle with checker board method.

Representation of cross- 1 mark

Ratio( phenotypic and genotypic) - 1 mark

6 Write an account of chromosomal theory of inheritance.

Four correct points

  • 2 marks

7 Write a note on sex linkage. Complete sex linkage – 1 mark Incomplete sex linkage - 1 mark

8 Differentiate between complete and incomplete linkage.

Two correct points- 2 marks

9 Explain mechanism of sex determination in birds.

Correct explanation

  • 1 mark Representation – 1 mark

10 Give detail account of thalassemia. Correct explanation

Two points-1 mark

Symptoms any two- 1 mark

Any four symptoms-2 marks

4 marks

1 Define inheritance. Give statements for various laws of inheritance.

Definition- 1 mark Statements for 3 laws- 1 mark each

2 Explain intragenic and intergenic interaction with the help of example.

Intragenic interaction any one example from incomplete dominance or codominance- 2 marks Intergenic interaction- Pleiotropy- 2marks

3 Explain structure of chromosomes with labelled diagram.

Structure- 2 marks Diagram with any four correct labels- 2 marks

4 Give detail account of sex linked inheritance.

Definition- 1 mark

X-linked inheritance- 1 mark

Y-linked inheritance- 1 mark

5 Give an account of one Mendelian and one chromosomal disorder you have studied.

Mendelian disorder Thalassemia- Explanation-1 mark Symptoms-any two- 1 mark Chromosomal disorders:- Down’s syndrome/ turner’s syndrome/ Klinfelter’s syndrome- any one Explanation- 1 mark Any two symptoms-1 mark

Question no.

Question Marking scheme Chapter No.

Page No.

MCQ

1 Find the odd one out:

A H 2 A B H 3

C H 2 B D H 1

2 What happened when heat killed S-cells along with live R-cells were injected into mice?

A Mice died and showed live S-cells B Mice survived and showed live S-cells

C Mice died and showed live R-cells D Mice died and showed dead R-cells

3 Find out the double ring compound :

A Adenine B Uracil

C Cytosine D Thymine

4 If a DNA has 20 Adenine and 30 cytosine bases. What will be the total number of purine bases in the given sample? A 20

B 50 C 30

D 100

5 Semiconservative mechanism of DNA was detected using: A 35 S

B 14 C C 32 P