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TCFP EXAM SCRIPT 2026 VERIFIED SOLUTION MANUAL
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◉What are the three types of winds affecting wildfires? Answer: Meterological Diurnal Fire winds ◉What are some ground fuels? Answer: Duff Roots Leaves Grass Dead wood Low brush ◉What are some aerial fuels? Answer: Tree crowns Snags Moss High brush
◉What are some fuel systems in vehicles? Answer: Gas - low pressure or high pressure, carb or fuel injected Diesel CNG/LPG ◉Name some ignition sources in cars: Answer: Open flames Electrical problems Hot surfaces (exhaust, turbocharger) Mechanical sparks Smoking ◉What is the difference between combustible liquids and flammable liquids? Answer: Combustible = flash point above 100 F Flammable = Flash point below 100 F ◉Name some residential appliances that can cause a fire: Answer: Oven Coffee maker Toaster Can opener Refrigerator Dishwasher
◉What are methods of death in a fire? Answer: CO poisoning Hyperthermia (heat) Inhalation of hot gases Other toxins / soot / smoke Hypoxia (lack of oxygen) ◉What are the fundamental issues of a death investigation? Answer: Remains / Victim identification Cause of death Manner of death Victim activity Postmortem changes ◉What are the main motives for firesetting? Answer: Vandalism Excitement Revenge Crime concealment Profit Extremism
◉What is vandalism firesetting? Answer: Willfull and malicious mischief - often pressured by groups or peers ◉What is excitement firesetting? Answer: Thrill seeking Attention seeking Recognition Sexual gratification ◉What is revenge firesetting? Answer: Personal retaliation Societal retaliation Institutional retaliation (school, church, etc) Group retaliation ◉What is crime concealment firesetting? Answer: Murder concealment Burglary concealment Destruction of documents ◉What is extremism firesetting? Answer: Terrorism Riots or civil distrurbance
Exotic accelerants Unsual fuel load burn injuries Incendiary devices ◉What is the difference between low order and high order explosions? Answer: Low order = less than the speed of sound, pushing / bulging damage, slow pressure rise High order = faster than the speed of sound, breaking / shattering, long range missiles, rapid pressure rise ◉What is a seated explosion? Answer: Seated explosions have a blast crater in the center of the explosion. Generally caused by high explosives like TNT, PETN, RDX, ANFO. Non seated explosions are caused by dispersed fuel gases and dusts. They do not cause a blast crater. ◉What can cause a non-seated explosion? Answer: Fuel gases Pooling of flammable liquids Dusts Backdraft
◉What does BLEVE stand for? Answer: Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion ◉What are the different basic types of explosions? Answer: Mechanical BLEVE Chemical Combustion Electrical Nuclear ◉What are the parts of a investigation timeline? Answer: Hard times Soft times Benchmark events ◉Describe some causes of injury or loss of life: Answer: Toxicity HazMat Compartmentation (failure to contain fire) Change of occupancy Fire alarms (failure)
◉What are important things to look at when you are comparing fire patterns? Answer: Sequence of patterns Depth of char Ventilation Missing wood Depth of calcination Arc mapping ◉What are some factors to consider at a structure fire? Answer: Pre fire conditions Structure dimensions Building ventillation & systems Weather Electrical systems HVAC Fuel gas / Liquid fuels Fire protection systems Security systems Witnesses ◉Every investigation should be conducted using the _________ method and a _________ approach. Answer: Scientific
Systematic ◉What is the preferred method of transporting evidence to the state lab? Answer: hand delivery ◉What are the four types of evidence containers? Answer: Metal cans Glass jars Special evidence bags Common plastic bags ◉What are two ways of detecting hydrocarbons? Answer: Canine team Hydrocarbon detector ◉What suppression activities should be done in order to preserve the evidence at the fire scene? Answer: Caution while using hose streams, overhaul, or salvage Don't move any appliance knobs or switches Caution while using or refilling power tools Limiting access to the scene
Witness Viewpoint Aerial ◉What are the two types of cameras? Answer: Digital and film ◉What types of consultants might be needed to provide technical assistance? Answer: Materials Engineer Mechanical Engineer Electrical Engineer Chemist Fire science engineer Insurance agent Canine Team ◉What is the basic infor needed to plan an investigation? Answer: Location Date and time Weather Size and complexity Type and use of structure Nature and extent of damage Security
Purpose of the investigation ◉Where can you get an MSDS? Answer: Manufacturer Supplier Facility hazard and communication plan Local Emergency planning committee ◉What are the parts of the NFPA 704 diamond? Answer: Blue = Health Red = Flammability Yellow = Reactivity Special hazards = No water, Oxidizer, etc ◉In the ERG (Emergency Response Guidebook), what are three methods of looking up a hazmat substance? Answer: Locate the UN Number - yellow pages Locate name of material - blue pages Locate matching placard in the table of placards ◉What are the two general hazards found on each guidebook page? Answer: Health and Fire/Explosion ◉What factors affect scene safety? Answer: Suppression
