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Summary Development of Entertainment
Dance in the U.S.
- Slaves preserve rhythms of AFrican in clapping, stomping, and singing2. Negro impersonation and minstrel shows -- black/white segregated3. Vaudeville Shows -- black/white segregated and integrated4. Musical Theatre and nightclub shows -- black/white segregated and integrated5. Broadway Shows6. Movie Musicals7. Television8. Music Videos TERM 2
Summary Development of Social Dance in the
U.S.
DEFINITION 2 1969 and 2006 entry are not need for the testNeither is what is in the () TERM 3
1600s-1700s
DEFINITION 3 -Colonists arrive in Europe with the dances formerly danced at court.-Taught here by traveling dancing masters.-As at court, little physical contact. TERM 4
1800s
DEFINITION 4
- The waltz develops in Europe as a partner dance with parters face to face, in each other's arms.-The scandalous dance arrives here. TERM 5
DEFINITION 5 -Swing dance and the foxtrot develop out of Vaudeville stage and from the social dance floors to the early jazz stage.- Partner's in each other's arms.
1930s-1940s
-The "Big Bands" turn jazz music into dance music.-Most everybody does social dances TERM 7
1950s
DEFINITION 7 -Black rhythm and blues music cross over into white culture and is called rock'n roll.-Swing dancing from Harlem is adopted for rock'n roll. TERM 8
1960s
DEFINITION 8 -The overtly sexual pelvic moves of the musician made their way onto the dance floors in new dances like the twist.-These dances separate the partners for a type of free dancing which mirrored the 1960s sexual revolution. TERM 9
1960s/1970s
DEFINITION 9 -In one reflection "Black Power"/"Black Pride"/"Roots" movement, African-Americans re-discover the dances of Africa.-They study these aspects of heritage and, in performing them, build solidarity as a group. TERM 10
DEFINITION 10
- Jacki Sorensen develops and begins to franchise aerobic dancing, combining dance with the principles and practices of aerobic exercise developed for the U.S. Air Force.
-Upper middle-class Americans - like the early colonists - have always sent their children to cotillion class to learn social dance and etiquette.-Today the children of upper middle-class Americans from large range of ethnic groups participate in cotillion class. TERM 17
Social Ballroom Dances most commonly
taught in the U.S. dance studios today are...?
DEFINITION 17 cha-chafox-trotrumbasalsaswingwaltz TERM 18
Dance in music videos is derived from the
following four items.
DEFINITION 18 Hollywood musicalssoulful steps of James Brownprecision steps of Motownstreet dance TERM 19
Motor Memory
DEFINITION 19 And individuals ability to "pick-up" easily movement which he/she observes or is taught - and the ability to retain that movement. TERM 20
Syncopation
DEFINITION 20 In music and dance, instances of accent being placed upon and unexpected beat.Example in class -- Micheal Jackson music video Smooth Criminal, accent on 8 count.
42nd Street
-Musical which enjoyed a long run on Broadway as recently as 2001-First known to the world in 1933 in movie form, directed and choreographed by Busby Berkeley. TERM 22
"Trained dancer"/choreographer whose first
music video was Janet Jackson's "Nasty" in
the late 1980s.
DEFINITION 22 Paula Abdul TERM 23
"Untrained dancer"/street
dancer/choreographer who choreographed
Janet Jackson's "Rhythm Nation" in the late
1980s.
DEFINITION 23 Anthony Thomas TERM 24
Gypsy
DEFINITION 24 Singer-dancer in the chorus of Broadway musical is affectionately referred to as this. TERM 25
Ring
Shout
DEFINITION 25 -Taken from JonasWhere dancing was expressively denied to enslaved Africans, because protestant churches, especially the Baptist, condemned it as sinful, an adaption of circle dancing often took place.-Some members of the groups sat in a circle and provided a rhythmic pulse by pounding on the floor with a broom stick or similar pole (held perpendicularly to the floor), since drums had been banned.-The form included singing, often religious in nature, and dancing that was not considered dancing if the feet or legs did not cross.
Black slaves ____ and ____ on plantations
1600s
Drum and dance TERM 32
_____ is prohibited in 1739
DEFINITION 32 Drumming(in SOuth Carolina, soon after in the other states of the South), so African-American slaves kept their rhythms alive with clapping, stomping, and singing TERM 33
British Statute of 1807 marks ___
DEFINITION 33 the beginning of the end of slave trafficking by all countries TERM 34
1830's _____ shows begin.
DEFINITION 34 Minstrel TERM 35
Minstrel shows
DEFINITION 35 Speech, songs, dances of blacks were parodied by white performers wearing "black-face"Definition: Negro imitation and minstrelsy shows
"Black-face"
-The practice of putting on burnt cork on the face of white and black performers in minstrel shows and later in Vaudeville and Broadway TERM 37
Daddy "Jim Crowe" Rice
DEFINITION 37 -white imitated African-American in his dance called "Jump Jim Crowe", which became a fad dance of the time, so popular that the term lived on TERM 38
1840s
DEFINITION 38 -Very few African Americans were permitted to perform on public stages and none were permitted to perform on stage with whites TERM 39
Master Juba
DEFINITION 39 -The most famous black dancer of the pre-vaudiville time- who danced for only the blacks and Irish immigrants TERM 40
1860s
DEFINITION 40 -African Americans began to appear in their own Minstrel shows
Zeigfeld Follies begin in
______
-1911-It is the most spectacular of the Vaudiville shows, similar to the revues performed in Paris such as those in Moulin Rouge TERM 47
"Two Colored Rule"
DEFINITION 47 -African Americans are performing in Vaudeville but this rule meant no solo "colored" acts, stating that one colored person couldn't have enough going for him/her to perform for a white audience-The end of that rule cam with Bill "Bojangles" Robinson did his hugely popular solo tap dance act in Vaudeville TERM 48
Irene and Vernon
Castle
DEFINITION 48
- They merge European social dances from the courts wit social dances of african americana and introduced the american public to ballroom dances through vaudeville performances and classroom instruction TERM 49
1920s,30s,40s
DEFINITION 49 -Vaudeville fades out, as ragtime music and the blue rise out of the African american community to become jazz.-Jazz develops with jazz music in popular theatre, nightclubs, movie musicals, and in teaching studios of dance professionals.-Like jazz, jazz dance is sensual, and improvisational TERM 50
The Cotton Club
DEFINITION 50
- this is popular night club in Harlem (upper Manhattan, NYC) in the 1920s and 30s-Had to be african american to perform there, and white to be a patron customer there-jazz,tap, and swing dance performed there
1930s, 40s
-Elsewhere in NYC, african american social dane at the Savoy Ballroom in Harlem and whites social dance at the Roseland Ballroom near Times Square-This phenomenon is duplicated all over the US, in the Big Bands of the 1930s and 40s apply jazz music to pop music and create "swing music" for social dancers doing the fox-trot TERM 52
DEFINITION 52 -Bill "Bojangles" Robinson tap dances up and down the stairs with Shirley Temple in the move the Littlest Rebel. They appeared in many films together TERM 53
Ray Bolger
DEFINITION 53 -played the scarecrow in the Wizard of Oz, worked in vaudeville, then in popular theatre, then in the early movie musicals, just like Bojangles.-This was a typical progression for entertainment dancers TERM 54
1930s through the 1950s (Fred Astaire and
Ginger Rogers)
DEFINITION 54
- Appeared in movie musicals, combining tap, ballroom, and ballet to create some of America's most memorable dance sequences.-Astaire demanded that the camera shoot the full for of the dancer (so as best to see the dancing), and editing was kept at a minimum to give true performance effect (compared with frequent edits in vogue today) TERM 55
1930s through the 1940s (Busby
Berkeley)
DEFINITION 55 -He was a director-choreographer whose movie musicals have hundred of "beautiful girls" (all white, because it in the 1930s-40s) costumed to look exactly alike, moved around the stage in intricate patterns, and filed in aerial shots so as to produce a kaleidoscopic effect-An example of dance as a spectacle, not dance as a tool for storytelling or for expression of emotion
1965 (US Civil Rights
Act)
- This makes illegal the laws which enforced white/black segregation since Reconstruction days.-The segregation law int he SOuth were called "Jim Crow Laws", recalling "Jump Jim Crow" dance number of the minstrel shows TERM 62
1960s through 1970s
DEFINITION 62 -Tap dance great Cholly Atkins creates choreography for Motown productions (Detroit, a haven of african americans fleeing the South for employment in the North, = Motor Town): Four Tops, Supremes, Temptations, Marvin Gaye, and others. TERM 63
Saturday Night Fever (1977)
DEFINITION 63 -This shows a cool John Travolta wowing folks on the dance club floor with both solo and partner dancing and shows him learning the moves in the dance studio.-The fil revealed interest in partner dancing and created the fad of line dances (Bus-Stop/Hustle) which continued into the late 1990s (Electric Slide, Boot-Scootin' Boogie). TERM 64
1980s
DEFINITION 64 -A surge in popularity of tap dance is largely due to gregory Hines performances of tap dance in the films White Nights (also starring ballet superstar Mikhail Baryshnikov) and tap TERM 65
1980s (MTV)
DEFINITION 65 -MTV goes on air with music videos which incorporate dancing by the star musician and/or by other dancers.- Michael Jackson's "Beat It" (1983) and "Thriller" (1984) were choreographed by musical theatre choreographer Michael Peters.-Other artists doing cutting-edge dance work in music videos are Paula Abdul, Madonna, and M.C. Hammer
Rap music and Hip Hop
- these both become popular in the late 1980s as voices for inner city minority youth.-Hip hop was developed by untrained dancers.- Just as the lindy hop, Charleston, and other types of swing dance were developed by untrained dancers in the clubs of Harlem and then transferred to the professional stage and screen, so have break dancing and hip hop-- with moves such as the "running man" and "moonwalk" and the "Roger Rabbit"--made their way onto the professional stage screen TERM 67
Fils Fame and Flash
Dance....
DEFINITION 67 -These bring jazz to a new generation.-Hip hop moves make their way into both. TERM 68
1990s (Savion Glover)
DEFINITION 68 -Choreographer and star sin Bring in Da Noise, Bring in Da Funk on Broadway-Through tap, rap, and hip hop, and funk, the show depicts the african american struggle-Glover's performance on Sesame Street are another boost for tap TERM 69
1990s
DEFINITION 69 -Increasingly, the dancing is not the only source of movement in music videos.-The director's quick-editing from one camera view to another creates movement TERM 70
2000-present
DEFINITION 70 Such fils as Centerstage and The Company entertain audiences and give them behind-the-scenes glimpses into major US ballet and modern companies and schools
Dick Clark's _____
-American Bandstand was televised five days a week on network TV-High school students danced all of the latest social dances TERM 77
1960s the overt sexuality (pelvic movement)
seen in...
DEFINITION 77 -the rhythm and blues/ rock'n roll musicians made its way onto the dance floors.-The twist was the first of several dances (monkey, mashed potato, frug) which separated the partners.-The resulting spontaneity and "letting go" on the dance floor mirrored the sexual revolution triggered by advent of the birth control pill mid-1960s TERM 78
As part of the 1960s/70s "Black Power"/"Black
Pride"/"Roots movement.....
DEFINITION 78 -African americans re discover the dances of africa-They study these aspects of heritage and, in performing them, build solidarity as a group. TERM 79
in 1969 Jacki Sorensen develops and begins...
DEFINITION 79 -to franchise aerobis dancing, combining dance with the principles and practices of aerobic exercise which Dr. Kenneth Cooper had recently developed for the US air force TERM 80
In the 1980s, through dancing freely with no
_______
DEFINITION 80 -no leading/following or other contact remained the norm
two phenomenon brought partners back into
each others arms on the dance floor
1.) The AIDS epidemic caused many to see romance and formality2.) John Travolta's partner dancing in Saturday Nigh Fever (1977) had great impact. TERM 82
in the 1990s, two phenomenon increased
interest in the leading and following of
partner dancing..
DEFINITION 82 1.) After ballroom dance competitions were successfully televised on major national networks, an international "Dancesport Federation" successfully ;lobbied the International Olympic committee to give exhibition status to Dancesport. The IOC os considering making Dancesport an olympic event as early as the 2008 summer Olympic Games.2.) Rapid influx of Hispanic immigrants to the US increases the presence of dance music from Latin America and results in non-Hispanic Americans learning partner dances such as salsa and merengue. TERM 83
2005-present
DEFINITION 83 -Dancing with the Stars and So You Think You Can Dance (the latter produced by American Idol producer Nigel Lythgoe) top the television ratings, making ballroom- inspired partner dancing in all the more visible. TERM 84
In 2006 Disney...
DEFINITION 84 -Releases High School Musical-The show is eventually produced by high schools throughout the US, giving many their first performance dance experience. TERM 85
2009 Glee...
DEFINITION 85 -featuring five to eight production numbers (some with partner dance) per episode, has its first season on FOC TV.
