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Quality Control Tools: A Comprehensive Guide for Business Improvement, Slides of Total Quality Management (TQM)

Tribhuvan University KathmanduTotal Quality Management (TQM)

A comprehensive overview of essential quality control tools used in business. It explains the purpose, application, and benefits of each tool, including check sheets, histograms, pareto charts, scatter diagrams, cause and effect diagrams, control charts, and graphs. Valuable for students and professionals seeking to understand and implement effective quality control practices.

Typology: Slides

2023/2024

Uploaded on 03/12/2025

jeevan-airee
jeevan-airee 🇳🇵

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Tools For Quality
Control
presented By: Jeevan Airee
Dipika kapadi
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Download Quality Control Tools: A Comprehensive Guide for Business Improvement and more Slides Total Quality Management (TQM) in PDF only on Docsity!

Tools For Quality

Control

presented By: Jeevan Airee Dipika kapadi

Tools of quality control

Quality control is a process through which a business seeks to ensure that product

quality is maintained or improved. Quality control ensure that customer receive

product free from error or defect. Basic tools for quality control are:

  • (^) Check sheet
  • (^) Histogram
  • (^) Pareto chart
  • (^) Scatter diagram
  • (^) Cause and effect diagram
  • (^) Control chart
  • (^) Graph

 Histogram

  • (^) A histogram is graphical representation of distribution of a dataset.
  • (^) Although it appearance is similar to that of standard bar graph, instead of making comparisons between different items or categories trends over time , a histogram is plot that lets show probability distribution of single continuous numerical variable.
  • (^) It is represented by a set of rectangles, adjacent to each other, where each bar represents a kind of data.

 Pareto chart

  • Pareto chart is named after vilfredo pareto. Pareto chart revolves around the concept of 80-20 rule which underline that in any process.
  • (^) 80% of problem of failure is just caused by 20% of few major factor which are often referred as vital few.
  • Whereas remaining 20% of problems or failure is caused by 80% of many minor factor which are also referred as trivial many.
  • (^) The very purpose of pareto chart is to highlight the most important factor that is the reason for major cause of problem or failure.
  • (^) Pareto chart is having bars graph and line graphs where individual factors are represented by a bar graph in descending order of their impact and the cumulative total is shown by a line graph.

 Cause and effect diagram

  • (^) Cause and effect diagram, also known as an Ishikawa diagram , is a visualization tool for categorizing the potential causes of a problem.
  • (^) This tool is used to identify a problem's root causes.
  • (^) The cause and effect diagram is fundamentally a causal analysis tool designed to visually map out the causes and sub-causes leading to a particular issue or effect.
  • (^) It is most commonly used in business when designing a product or planning a specific business idea, with the intention of easily being able to weigh up pros and cons.

 Control chart

  • (^) The control chart is a graph used to study how a process changes over time.
  • (^) Data are plotted in time order
  • A control chart always has a central line for the average, an upper line for the upper control limit, and a lower line for the lower control limit. These lines are determined from historical data. By comparing current data to these lines, you can draw conclusions about whether the process variation is consistent (in control) or is unpredictable.
  • Control charts for variable data are used in pairs.
  • (^) The top chart monitors the average, or the centering of the distribution of data from the process. The bottom chart monitors the range, or the width of the distribution. If your data were shots in target practice, the average is where the shots are clustering, and the range is how tightly they are clustered.