Physics Problems: See-Saw and Tank Draining, Exams of Physics

Two physics problems. The first problem deals with a see-saw with masses on each end and calculating the torques and tension in the rope. The second problem involves a tank draining into a cart and finding the buoyant force on a rock, pressure in the water, speed of water shooting out, and the mass of water poured. Both problems require applying physics concepts such as torque, tension, buoyant force, pressure, and energy.

Typology: Exams

2012/2013

Uploaded on 02/12/2013

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bg1
r\ +
-. v
l) Bent see-saw
(25 points)
The see-saw
shown
at
the right consists of a triangular base
and
a bar
with a 90o
bend 2 m from the pivot point on its
right side. A point-like 10 kg mass sits
atop the bent arm of
the see-saw bar at a position that is at an angle of30o above
the horizontal from the
pivot point. A point-like 3 kg weight
rests
on the left side
of the see-saw 3 m from the pivot point.
The see-saw
is prevented
from rotating from its horizontal
orientation by a rope
tied to a point I m to the left of the
pivot point; the other
end
of the rope is tied to a point on the
ground directly below the point where it is tied to the see-
saw
bar. Assume
that the see-saw bar itself is massless
and
not rotating (in other
words,
it is static).
Make a free body diagram
of the see-saw
bar. Make sure to clearly label all forces.
What is the torque on the see-saw
bar about the pivot point due to the mass
on the
right? Use
the convention that clockwise torques are
positive.
What is the torque
on the see-saw bar about the pivot point due
to the mass
on the
left? Please check
your signs.
Find the tension
in the
rope.
What is the largest mass, M3, that could be added to the bar 1.5 m to the left of the
pivot point without causing the bar to rotate
counterclockwise?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
A) f fot
'*
,^,,iYr^,
rp
Lnr,
/yLun^a
I
F^,
=
\F,-,1
= lr
\ 1
Fn,,=
\?^)
=
3Vr.3
\_
si
n
(60\ F^
, : r'J
,,n
); \
0
\(J
7l
C i -^ sr>,'(
q'") = 3
w^
'7 sz,'
r = Ia
t t",e
L
,'l.- - t)
tnCL - \/
f rrll tt?(0tuV !
\ (, I
,^/^\ --
10-,,)
=E_!?lL
lv, .
ft\,3
(-,
..,,
h (60')=Zvvt
L)
.)
d)
h
r"ir,-t1I
( q V''o+
^,A A, I
-'lU l\lvu
I
.
t'_--______J
.11 |
fr.,zlr'6,
I' xa
f",it,t o+ '\lQ
54-
I' lan
-l tAA \
,u: -,, \0 -crl=
J ) t'
: O + , r i' a
I
( . nt \?r'r
L
vtlt -
.t- ,)
Lj-
'f^, * -L
fi- tTf +';(ivof = ?
+ Zoo
l't,/\
-10//,^
+
G
l^'T 7,'^?n'u"l)+
O = C
-1'
- 2 Do Nr '10 M''-''
t- \
I Ya^
e) s(t T=o s,r fl^
e 'r
"'Yl v\
- 1.5
,^.
M
fi t/rq
qax
i >!
t ':e <ec
brt
rk \
./L*3
ir.4tr
Tylqy
= o -) *n
- l./'
pf3
pf4
pf5

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r\

-. l) Bent see-saw(25 points) v

The see-sawshown at the right consistsof a triangular base and a bar with a 90obend^ 2 m from the pivot point on its right side. A point-like 10 kg mass^ sits atop the bent arm of the see-sawbar at a position that is at an angle of30o above the horizontal from the pivot point. A point-like 3 kg weight rests on the left side of the see-saw3 m from the pivot point. The see-sawis preventedfrom rotating from its horizontal orientation by a rope tied to a point I m to the left of the pivot point; the other end of the rope is tied to a point on the ground directly below the point where it is tied to the see- saw bar. Assume that the see-sawbar itself is masslessand not rotating (in other words, it is static).

Make a free body diagram of the see-sawbar. Make sureto clearly label all forces. What is the torque on the see-sawbar about the pivot point due to the mass (^) on the right? Use the convention that clockwise torques are positive. What is the torque on the see-sawbar about the pivot point due to the mass on the left? Pleasecheck your signs. Find the tensionin the rope. What is the largestmass,M3, that could be addedto the bar 1.5 m to the left of the pivot point without causingthe bar to rotate counterclockwise?

a) b)

c)

d) e)

A ) f

fot'*

,^,,iYr^,

rp L n r ,

/y L u n ^ a I

F^,=\F,-,1= lr\ 1

Fn,,=?^) = 3Vr.

\ _

si n (60\ F^, :^ r'J^ ,,n); \ 0 (J

7 l C i -^ sr>,'(

q'") ' 7 (^) s z , ' =^ 3 w^

rt = Ia t",eL ,'l.- (^) - (^) t)

t n C L -^ \ /

f \ r r l l( , t t? ( 0 t u VI^!

, ^ / ^ \ - - 10-,,)=E_!?lL

lv,. ft,

(-, ..,,h (60')=Zvvt

L)

. )

d)

h

r " i r , - t 1 I (^ q^ V ' ' o +

^ , A A , I -'lU (^) l\lvu I

. t'_--______J . 1 1 | f r. , z l r ' 6 ,

I' xa f " , i t , t o +

' \ l Q 5 4 - I' lan

  • l t A A^ \

, u : - , , \ 0^ - c r l =

J )^ t ' : O +^ , r^ i '^ a

I (.^ n t ? r ' r

L v t l t -

.t- ,) Lj-

' f ^ , (^) * - L^ f i - t T f^

  • ' ; ( i v o f =^?

  • Zool't,/^ -10//,^+ G l^'T 7,'^?n'u"l)+O

= C

-1' - 2 Do Nr '10 (^) M''-'' t - \ I Ya^

e) s(t T=o s,r fl^e^

'r

"'Yl v\

  • 1.5,^.M fi

t/rq qax i >!t ':e <ecbrtrk \

./ L * 3 Tylqy = o -)^ *n-^ l./'^ ir.4tr

De

t {z

5t r-- 6rl 0))

4x 9l^

'Yv L

lvvu,

ffi=-rv-ot:"w 'Y orJ*tw (^) * st *rv atl

o = ("'. o,Y"*'WX'^s"t)- ^ N oL - wrvooz

o =

t'J, *", J,

'*t-J,

€ ) ,h0[as*r(^ fullrJiau^

ho*orW t6t'llt^ {-'''^^ i.avtt

! o Y1^.!.v nl4n ar rl^ c a rt^

t'tn c(^ tuJB fkr

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(^) L".,) T :l: t<se

CcuS!u'uaJ

) etn X^ hn'oue1**!'t/1'
( Jii:,,.ilfif',fil,i,;

(P+,.^t)-ft,u,+,oi

:o n

\vsr'

i

([r., nt + A s ",)

,*,

r f l / \ , / ^ (^) | -

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rL

*/s

3) Mechanicaladvantage(20 points) rit

A 1000Kg caris raised2 m offof the groundusinga

hydrauliclift, which consistsof a U-shapedtubethathasa

smallareaAp:0.001 m2on theright sideanda largearea

At-:2m2 on the left side. A carmechanicexertsa

downwardforceon the right sideof the lift with his foot.

Assumethatthphydraulicfluid hasthe densityof water:

p: 1000 kg/-'.

from falling?

^) -I -ill^ v5 e^ 7a^/t pvsr^

u Yv

riqh+u*zkh (^44) Caa 4xyvstvve is^ T,

F,\ Nat --^ vA4-o o w C o t f -c-11 (^) +I Frt'{+ (

(can is nA^ a<21 <t^1 ;11^ uVov'il*u)

[,+t:

M''1=

y. = ft,y(r:

\00oV3 \o2, = (^) trrYIg?

+ r w \

lD 1.7-s.^ _

a) Whatis thepressureof the hydraulicfluid locatedat point C, which is right underthe

car? Statewhetheryou areexpressingyour answerin gaugepressureor absolute

pressureandbe consistentwith your choicefor therestof this problem.

b) Whatis thepressureof the fluid at point G, locatedat groundlevel on the left sideof

the lift?

c) What downwardforce must the mechanicapplyto the lift with his foot to keepthe car

(^2) v v t L

v) T. t,

?S,ooo Y.%-

.),:l pi^ ,t ^ )^" ,i1.'f"o^:,.-,-1;{.-; t (^) n* iounn c(t or+ 'levL( 4!rowr 0v\fr*r t',c\r'A^ l'f+ (^) (t. (^) Yprx= y;^ ,ii, e tk- w(ar\g o{^ oil^ i ,^ Zev'o ^n),^ Lo(L (^) lo. ^t ians (^) d va 4t fLe , avr\e (^) Lt (^) ei! t; f, A D Yq--"r,,r!'r4-^ =)^

F,,,= Au?e=(o'oot^"kt,")=p)